feat(optimization): schedule any number of flexible consumers

Replace the single hourly "dishwasher" home appliance with a list of
flexible consumers (home_appliances). Each consumer defines its load
either as an explicit power profile (energy-preservingly resampled onto
the optimization slot grid, incl. 15-min and non-integer interval ratios)
or the flat consumption_wh/duration_h fallback, and runs ONCE or DAILY
within its time windows and the optimization horizon.

- ConsumerScheduleMode + shared load-definition validation (XOR of
  profile/fallback, reject negative/NaN/inf, unique device_id)
- ApplianceGeneLayout: variable appliance gene block (index into
  allowed_start_slots), ONCE/DAILY calendar-day based, no snapping
- per-device output: result.home_appliance_energy_wh, appliance_starts
  (absolute local times), per-device solution columns and DDBC RUN/OFF
  instructions on state transitions only
- deprecate dishwasher/washingstart/Home_appliance_wh_per_hour with
  backward-compatible mapping and explicit conflict rejection
- max_home_appliances is now an upper bound only; no demo appliance and
  no on/off behaviour
- docs, openapi.json, CHANGELOG and optimize_result_2* fixtures updated;
  new tests/test_homeappliance.py covers the mandatory test matrix

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/akkudoktoreos/devices/devicesabc.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 """Abstract and base classes for devices."""
 
+import math
 from enum import StrEnum
+from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import Field
 
@@ -87,6 +89,90 @@ class BatteryOperationMode(StrEnum):
     FAULT = "FAULT"
 
 
+def validate_home_appliance_load_definition(
+    *,
+    load_profile_power_w: Optional[list[float]],
+    load_profile_interval_seconds: Optional[int],
+    consumption_wh: Optional[float],
+    duration_h: Optional[float],
+) -> None:
+    """Validate the load definition of a flexible consumer / home appliance.
+
+    A consumer's load must be given **either** as a full explicit power profile
+    (``load_profile_power_w``) **or** as the complete flat fallback
+    (``consumption_wh`` together with ``duration_h``). Providing both, or only a
+    part of the fallback, is rejected. Profile values must be finite and
+    non-negative and the profile interval, if given, must be positive.
+
+    Args:
+        load_profile_power_w: Explicit per-step power values [W], or None.
+        load_profile_interval_seconds: Duration of one profile step [s], or None.
+        consumption_wh: Fallback total energy of one run [Wh], or None.
+        duration_h: Fallback run duration [h], or None.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the definition is conflicting, incomplete, or contains
+            invalid profile values.
+    """
+    profile_given = load_profile_power_w is not None
+    fallback_fields = (consumption_wh, duration_h)
+    fallback_partial = any(field is not None for field in fallback_fields)
+    fallback_given = all(field is not None for field in fallback_fields)
+
+    if profile_given and fallback_partial:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Conflicting home appliance load definition: provide either "
+            "load_profile_power_w or consumption_wh together with duration_h, "
+            "not both."
+        )
+
+    if not profile_given:
+        if not fallback_given:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Incomplete home appliance load definition: provide a full "
+                "load_profile_power_w or both consumption_wh and duration_h."
+            )
+        # Value ranges of the fallback fields are enforced by their Field
+        # constraints (gt=0); nothing more to check here.
+        return
+
+    # Explicit profile path.
+    if load_profile_interval_seconds is not None and load_profile_interval_seconds <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("load_profile_interval_seconds must be greater than zero.")
+    if len(load_profile_power_w) == 0:
+        raise ValueError("load_profile_power_w must not be empty.")
+    for value in load_profile_power_w:
+        if value is None or math.isnan(value) or math.isinf(value):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "load_profile_power_w must contain only finite values "
+                "(no NaN or infinity)."
+            )
+        if value < 0:
+            raise ValueError("load_profile_power_w must not contain negative values.")
+
+
+class ConsumerScheduleMode(StrEnum):
+    """Schedule mode of a flexible consumer (home appliance).
+
+    Determines how often a consumer's load profile is scheduled within the
+    optimization horizon.
+
+    Modes
+    -----
+    - ONCE:
+        The consumer runs exactly once somewhere within the optimization
+        horizon ("fire and forget"). The optimizer picks the start.
+
+    - DAILY:
+        The consumer runs once per local calendar day, but only on days for
+        which at least one complete, allowed run still fits into the remaining
+        horizon. The optimizer picks one start per eligible day.
+    """
+
+    ONCE = "ONCE"
+    DAILY = "DAILY"
+
+
 class ApplianceOperationMode(StrEnum):
     """Appliance operation modes.