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Improve genetic optimizer seeding

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Andreas
2026-07-16 09:56:50 +02:00
parent d4056af0f6
commit b0b437f1d7
8 changed files with 1152 additions and 793 deletions
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src/akkudoktoreos/optimization/genetic/genetic.py
+269 -36
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@@ -536,6 +536,10 @@ class GeneticSimulation(PydanticBaseModel):
class GeneticOptimization(OptimizationBase):
"""GENETIC algorithm to solve energy optimization."""
WARM_START_COPIES = 10
WARM_START_MUTATIONS = 20
EDUCATED_GUESS_EXPORT_QUANTILES = (0.60, 0.75, 0.90)
# Slot-math helpers — single source of truth for the optimization grid.
# At the default optimization interval of 3600 s, slot_duration_h is 1.0 and
# total_slots equals prediction.hours, so the established hourly behaviour is
@@ -1110,6 +1114,250 @@ class GeneticOptimization(OptimizationBase):
return discharge_hours_bin, eautocharge_hours_index, appliance_gene_values
def _repair_ev_charge_at_full_soc(
self,
individual: list[int],
simulation_result: dict[str, Any],
) -> bool:
"""Remove EV charging genes in slots that begin at full SoC.
The repair is deliberately separated from fitness calculation. Callers
must re-simulate after a change so the individual's genome, simulation
state and assigned fitness always describe the same schedule.
"""
if not self.optimize_ev or not self.ev_possible_charge_values:
return False
zero_charge_index = min(
range(len(self.ev_possible_charge_values)),
key=lambda index: abs(self.ev_possible_charge_values[index]),
)
if abs(self.ev_possible_charge_values[zero_charge_index]) > 1e-12:
return False
_, ev_charge_indices, _ = self.split_individual(individual)
if ev_charge_indices is None:
return False
ev_soc = np.asarray(simulation_result.get("EAuto_SoC_pro_Stunde", []), dtype=float)
start_slot = self._start_day_slot()
result_slots = min(ev_soc.size, self.total_slots - start_slot)
if result_slots <= 0:
return False
changed = False
for offset in range(result_slots):
slot = start_slot + offset
charge_index = int(ev_charge_indices[slot])
if (
ev_soc[offset] >= 100.0 - 1e-9
and self.ev_possible_charge_values[charge_index] > 0.0
):
ev_charge_indices[slot] = zero_charge_index
changed = True
if changed:
battery_genes, _, appliance_genes = self.split_individual(individual)
individual[:] = self.merge_individual(
battery_genes,
ev_charge_indices,
appliance_genes,
)
return changed
def _heuristic_ev_schedule(self, *, prefer_pv: bool) -> list[int]:
"""Build a low-cost EV schedule that reaches the configured minimum SoC."""
if not self.optimize_ev or not self.ev_possible_charge_values:
return []
zero_index = min(
range(len(self.ev_possible_charge_values)),
key=lambda index: abs(self.ev_possible_charge_values[index]),
)
schedule = [zero_index] * self.total_slots
ev = self.simulation.ev
if ev is None:
return schedule
required_stored_wh = max(
ev.min_soc_wh
- ev.capacity_wh * ev.initial_soc_percentage / 100.0,
0.0,
)
if required_stored_wh <= 0.0:
return schedule
start_slot = self._start_day_slot()
end_slot = max(start_slot, self.total_slots - self.fixed_eauto_hours)
prices = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_price_hourly, dtype=float)
feed_in = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_revenue_per_hour_arr, dtype=float)
pv = np.asarray(self.simulation.pv_prediction_wh, dtype=float)
load = np.asarray(self.simulation.load_energy_array, dtype=float)
def marginal_cost(slot: int) -> tuple[float, float]:
surplus = pv[slot] - load[slot]
if prefer_pv and surplus > 0.0:
return (float(feed_in[slot]), -float(surplus))
return (float(prices[slot]), -float(surplus))
candidates = sorted(range(start_slot, end_slot), key=marginal_cost)
positive_rates = sorted(
(
(rate, index)
for index, rate in enumerate(self.ev_possible_charge_values)
if rate > 0.0
),
key=lambda item: item[0],
)
if not positive_rates:
return schedule
max_stored_wh = (
ev.max_charge_power_w
* self.slot_duration_h
* ev.charging_efficiency
)
remaining_wh = required_stored_wh
for slot in candidates:
required_rate = remaining_wh / max(max_stored_wh, 1e-9)
rate, rate_index = next(
(item for item in positive_rates if item[0] >= required_rate),
positive_rates[-1],
)
schedule[slot] = rate_index
remaining_wh -= max_stored_wh * rate
if remaining_wh <= 1e-9:
break
return schedule
def _heuristic_appliance_genes(self) -> list[int]:
"""Choose low-opportunity-cost starts for flexible appliances."""
if self.appliance_layout.n_genes == 0:
return []
prices = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_price_hourly, dtype=float)
feed_in = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_revenue_per_hour_arr, dtype=float)
pv = np.asarray(self.simulation.pv_prediction_wh, dtype=float)
load = np.asarray(self.simulation.load_energy_array, dtype=float)
genes: list[int] = []
for gene in self.appliance_layout.genes:
def opportunity_cost(position: int) -> float:
slot = gene.allowed_start_slots[position]
return float(feed_in[slot] if pv[slot] > load[slot] else prices[slot])
genes.append(min(range(len(gene.allowed_start_slots)), key=opportunity_cost))
return genes
def _educated_guess_individuals(self) -> list[list[int]]:
"""Create diverse domain-informed candidates for the initial population."""
slots = self.total_slots
start_slot = self._start_day_slot()
len_bat = len(self.bat_possible_charge_values)
idle_state = 0
discharge_state = len_bat
ac_charge_state = 3 * len_bat - 1
dc_allowed_state = 3 * len_bat + 1
export_state = 3 * len_bat + (2 if self.optimize_dc_charge else 0)
prices = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_price_hourly, dtype=float)
feed_in = np.asarray(self.simulation.elect_revenue_per_hour_arr, dtype=float)
pv = np.asarray(self.simulation.pv_prediction_wh, dtype=float)
load = np.asarray(self.simulation.load_energy_array, dtype=float)
future = slice(start_slot, slots)
future_prices = prices[future]
future_feed_in = feed_in[future]
high_import_price = float(np.quantile(future_prices, 0.70))
low_import_price = float(np.quantile(future_prices, 0.25))
ev_price = self._heuristic_ev_schedule(prefer_pv=False)
ev_pv = self._heuristic_ev_schedule(prefer_pv=True)
appliance_genes = self._heuristic_appliance_genes()
def compose(battery_genes: list[int], ev_genes: list[int]) -> list[int]:
individual = list(battery_genes)
if self.optimize_ev:
individual.extend(ev_genes)
individual.extend(appliance_genes)
return individual
guesses: list[list[int]] = []
# Baseline and self-consumption candidates are useful even without
# direct marketing and anchor the population with feasible schedules.
guesses.append(compose([idle_state] * slots, ev_price))
self_consumption = [idle_state] * slots
for slot in range(start_slot, slots):
if self.optimize_dc_charge and pv[slot] > load[slot]:
self_consumption[slot] = dc_allowed_state
elif prices[slot] >= high_import_price and load[slot] > pv[slot]:
self_consumption[slot] = discharge_state
guesses.append(compose(self_consumption, ev_pv))
# Direct marketing candidates export only in the relatively expensive
# feed-in slots. At low tariffs PV is preferentially stored instead.
if self.optimize_battery_grid_export and future_feed_in.size:
feed_spread = float(np.ptp(future_feed_in))
for quantile in self.EDUCATED_GUESS_EXPORT_QUANTILES:
export_threshold = float(np.quantile(future_feed_in, quantile))
direct_marketing = [idle_state] * slots
for slot in range(start_slot, slots):
high_feed_in = (
feed_spread > 1e-12
and feed_in[slot] > 0.0
and feed_in[slot] >= export_threshold
)
if high_feed_in:
direct_marketing[slot] = export_state
elif self.optimize_dc_charge and pv[slot] > load[slot]:
direct_marketing[slot] = dc_allowed_state
elif prices[slot] >= high_import_price and load[slot] > pv[slot]:
direct_marketing[slot] = discharge_state
guesses.append(compose(direct_marketing, ev_pv))
inverter = self.simulation.inverter
if inverter is not None and (
inverter.max_ac_charge_power_w is None or inverter.max_ac_charge_power_w > 0
):
price_arbitrage = [idle_state] * slots
for slot in range(start_slot, slots):
if prices[slot] <= low_import_price:
price_arbitrage[slot] = ac_charge_state
elif prices[slot] >= high_import_price:
price_arbitrage[slot] = discharge_state
guesses.append(compose(price_arbitrage, ev_price))
unique: dict[tuple[int, ...], list[int]] = {}
for guess in guesses:
unique.setdefault(tuple(guess), guess)
return list(unique.values())
def _mutated_warm_start_neighbors(
self,
start_solution: list[float],
count: int,
) -> list[list[int]]:
"""Create unique local variants while preserving already elapsed slots."""
original = [int(value) for value in start_solution]
start_slot = self._start_day_slot()
seen = {tuple(original)}
neighbors: list[list[int]] = []
for _ in range(max(count * 10, 1)):
neighbor = creator.Individual(original)
self.mutate(neighbor)
neighbor[:start_slot] = original[:start_slot]
if self.optimize_ev:
ev_start = self.total_slots
neighbor[ev_start : ev_start + start_slot] = original[
ev_start : ev_start + start_slot
]
key = tuple(int(value) for value in neighbor)
if key in seen:
continue
seen.add(key)
neighbors.append(list(key))
if len(neighbors) >= count:
break
return neighbors
def setup_deap_environment(self, opti_param: dict[str, Any], start_hour: int) -> None:
"""Set up the DEAP environment with fitness and individual creation rules."""
self.opti_param = opti_param
@@ -1267,46 +1515,14 @@ class GeneticOptimization(OptimizationBase):
"""
try:
simulation_result = self.evaluate_inner(individual)
except Exception as e:
if self._repair_ev_charge_at_full_soc(individual, simulation_result):
simulation_result = self.evaluate_inner(individual)
except Exception:
# Return bad fitness score ("FitnessMin") in case of an exception
return (100000.0,)
gesamtbilanz = simulation_result["Gesamtbilanz_Euro"] * (-1.0 if worst_case else 1.0)
# EV 100% & charge not allowed
if self.optimize_ev:
discharge_hours_bin, eautocharge_hours_index, appliance_gene_values = (
self.split_individual(individual)
)
eauto_soc_per_hour = np.array(
simulation_result.get("EAuto_SoC_pro_Stunde", [])
) # Beispielkey
if eauto_soc_per_hour is None or eautocharge_hours_index is None:
raise ValueError("eauto_soc_per_hour or eautocharge_hours_index is None")
min_length = min(eauto_soc_per_hour.size, eautocharge_hours_index.size)
eauto_soc_per_hour_tail = eauto_soc_per_hour[-min_length:]
eautocharge_hours_index_tail = eautocharge_hours_index[-min_length:]
# Mask
invalid_charge_mask = (eauto_soc_per_hour_tail == 100) & (
eautocharge_hours_index_tail > 0
)
if np.any(invalid_charge_mask):
invalid_indices = np.where(invalid_charge_mask)[0]
if len(invalid_indices) > 1:
eautocharge_hours_index_tail[invalid_indices] = 0
eautocharge_hours_index[-min_length:] = eautocharge_hours_index_tail.tolist()
adjusted_individual = self.merge_individual(
discharge_hours_bin, eautocharge_hours_index, appliance_gene_values
)
individual[:] = adjusted_individual
# New check: Activate discharge when battery SoC is 0
# battery_soc_per_hour = np.array(
# o.get("akku_soc_pro_stunde", [])
@@ -1531,8 +1747,25 @@ class GeneticOptimization(OptimizationBase):
"appliance layout."
)
else:
for _ in range(10):
for _ in range(self.WARM_START_COPIES):
population.insert(0, creator.Individual(start_solution))
warm_neighbors = self._mutated_warm_start_neighbors(
start_solution,
self.WARM_START_MUTATIONS,
)
population.extend(creator.Individual(neighbor) for neighbor in warm_neighbors)
logger.info(
"Seeded population with {} exact and {} mutated warm-start solutions.",
self.WARM_START_COPIES,
len(warm_neighbors),
)
educated_guesses = self._educated_guess_individuals()
population.extend(creator.Individual(guess) for guess in educated_guesses)
logger.info(
"Seeded population with {} educated-guess solutions.",
len(educated_guesses),
)
# Run the evolutionary algorithm
pop, log = algorithms.eaMuPlusLambda(