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guides/nvidia.md
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---
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title: "Installing NVIDIA Graphics Card Drivers on Proxmox (PVE 8)"
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description: "Install and config NVIDIA drivers on Proxmox VE host and enable GPU usage in LXC containers."
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---
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# Installing NVIDIA Graphics Card Drivers on Proxmox (PVE 8 Update)
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Before we begin, I want to thank my colleague @juanlu13 for providing the [original source](https://forums.plex.tv/t/plex-hw-acceleration-in-lxc-container-anyone-with-success/219289/34?utm_source=pocket_mylist) on which this manual is based.
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In this guide, we will install the Nvidia drivers, the persistent service, and an optional patch to remove the maximum encoding sessions limit.
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- We will install Nvidia drivers on the Proxmox host.
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- We will configure the drivers for use in any LXC.
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To perform the installation, we must:
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1. Blacklist the "nouveau" driver if we haven't already. If we have already done this, we can skip this step.
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We can check it like this:
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```
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cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
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```
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The example image shows that "blacklist nouveau" is already added to the blacklist.
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If in our case it doesn't show: blacklist nouveau
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We add it like this so it's not used and we can install the Nvidia driver.
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```
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echo "blacklist nouveau" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
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```
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```
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reboot
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```
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2. Make sure we have these repositories added:
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(*If we have installed the post-installation script from [tteck](https://tteck.github.io/Proxmox/) or [xshok](https://github.com/extremeshok/xshok-proxmox), we can skip this step as it's not necessary since these repositories are already added.*)
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```
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nano /etc/apt/sources.list
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```
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## Proxmox 7
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```
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deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib
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deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
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deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve bullseye pve-no-subscription
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```
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## Proxmox 8
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```
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deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib
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deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free-firmware
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deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free-firmware
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# security updates
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free-firmware
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```
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Update the packages and Proxmox
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```
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apt update && apt dist-upgrade -y
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```
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Before we start, let's install two packages we'll need, git and the kernel headers to install the drivers:
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```
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apt-get install git
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```
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```
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apt-get install -qqy pve-headers-`uname -r` gcc make
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```
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## 1 - Install Nvidia drivers on the Proxmox host
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### - Driver:
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To begin, we need to know what the latest stable driver available is:*
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(*If we're going to install the patch to bypass the maximum encoding limit, we need to make sure that patch is available for the driver version we're going to install.*) We can check it [here](https://github.com/keylase/nvidia-patch).
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```
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https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/latest.txt
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```
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We can check the complete list of Drivers [here](https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/)
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When it shows us the result, we copy the number and replace "/latest.txt" with it.
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For example, like this:
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```
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https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/525.116.03/
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```
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Once inside the directory, we copy the link of the installer that ends with the .run extension
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For example:
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```
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https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/525.116.03/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run
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```
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#### Let's start with the installation:
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```
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mkdir /opt/nvidia
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```
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```
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cd /opt/nvidia
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```
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We download the driver we copied earlier.
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```
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wget https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/525.116.03/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run
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```
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We give it execution permissions.
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```
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chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run
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```
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We execute.
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```
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./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run --no-questions --ui=none --disable-nouveau
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```
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Once finished, we reboot.
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```
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reboot
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```
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After Proxmox has rebooted, we continue with the installation. We execute:
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```
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/opt/nvidia/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run --no-questions --ui=none
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```
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Now we add to etc/modules:
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```
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nano /etc/modules-load.d/modules.conf
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```
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```
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vfio
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vfio_iommu_type1
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vfio_pci
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vfio_virqfd
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nvidia
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nvidia_uvm
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```
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We save:
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ctrl + x.
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We update initramfs:
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```
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update-initramfs -u -k all
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```
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Next, we create rules to load the drivers at boot for nvidia and nvidia_uvm:
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```
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nano /etc/udev/rules.d/70-nvidia.rules
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```
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We paste:
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```
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# /etc/udev/rules.d/70-nvidia.rules
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# Create /nvidia0, /dev/nvidia1 … and /nvidiactl when nvidia module is loaded
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KERNEL=="nvidia", RUN+="/bin/bash -c '/usr/bin/nvidia-smi -L'"
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#
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# Create the CUDA node when nvidia_uvm CUDA module is loaded
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KERNEL=="nvidia_uvm", RUN+="/bin/bash -c '/usr/bin/nvidia-modprobe -c0 -u'"
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```
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We save: ctrl + x
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### - NVIDIA driver persistence:
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Now we install NVIDIA driver persistence:
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```
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cd /opt/nvidia
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git clone https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-persistenced.git
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cd nvidia-persistenced/init
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./install.sh
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```
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```
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reboot
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```
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We check that the driver is installed and the service is running:
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```
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nvidia-smi
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```
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```
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systemctl status nvidia-persistenced
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```
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### - Patch:
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Now as an option, we patch the nvidia driver to remove the maximum encoding sessions. According to the developer, the NVENC patch removes the restriction on the maximum number of simultaneous NVENC video encoding sessions imposed by Nvidia on consumer-level GPUs.
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```
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cd /opt/nvidia
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git clone https://github.com/keylase/nvidia-patch.git
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cd nvidia-patch
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./patch.sh
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```
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## 2- Configure the drivers to be able to use them in any LXC.
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First, we need to obtain this data:
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```
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ls -l /dev/nv*
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```
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Let's say, for example, that we're going to use the Plex LXC from tteck's script with ID100. If we have it running, we turn it off.
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```
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nano /etc/pve/lxc/100.conf
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```
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If there are any, we comment out all lines where it appears:
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- lxc.cgroup2.devices.allow...
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- /dev/dri...
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and we paste this inside the LXC configuration file, which corresponds to the data we obtained with: ls -l /dev/nv*
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(*the numbers may vary from one system to another*)
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```
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lxc.cgroup2.devices.allow: c 195:* rwm
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lxc.cgroup2.devices.allow: c 509:* rwm
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lxc.cgroup2.devices.allow: c 10:* rwm
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lxc.cgroup2.devices.allow: c 238:* rwm
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvidia0 dev/nvidia0 none bind,optional,create=file
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvidiactl dev/nvidiactl none bind,optional,create=file
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvidia-uvm dev/nvidia-uvm none bind,optional,create=file
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvidia-modeset dev/nvidia-modeset none bind,optional,create=file
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvidia-uvm-tools dev/nvidia-uvm-tools none bind,optional,create=file
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lxc.mount.entry: /dev/nvram dev/nvram none bind,optional,create=file
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```
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We save:
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ctrl + x.
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We run the LXC and we're going to install the Nvidia driver inside it.
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**IMPORTANT: we do this installation from the LXC console, not from Proxmox**
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```
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mkdir /opt/nvidia
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```
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```
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cd /opt/nvidia
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```
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```
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wget https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/525.116.03/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run
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```
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```
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chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run
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```
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```
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./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-525.116.03.run --no-kernel-module
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```
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When this screen appears, we select everything by default, each time it asks us.
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Once the installation is finished, we check that everything is correct
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```
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nvidia-smi
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```
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```
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ls -l /dev/nv*
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```
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## We check that Plex uses the graphics card.
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As we can see, the Plex LXC container makes use of the Nvidia graphics card from our Proxmox host.
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If we want any LXC to use our graphics card, we simply follow the same steps.
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If we want to use the Nvidia graphics card in Docker, we need to install nvidia-docker2 as an extra.
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Inside the LXC where we have Docker, we can do it with this simple script:
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```
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MacRimi/manuales/main/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker.sh
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```
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```
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chmod +x nvidia-docker.sh
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```
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```
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./nvidia-docker.sh
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```
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@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
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# Setting up NVIDIA Drivers on Proxmox VE with GPU Passthrough
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This guide explains how to install and configure NVIDIA drivers on your Proxmox VE host and enable GPU passthrough to your virtual machines. This allows you to leverage the power of your NVIDIA GPU within your VMs for tasks like machine learning, gaming, or video editing.
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## Prerequisites
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---
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---
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Before you begin, ensure you have the following:
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* A Proxmox VE server with an NVIDIA GPU installed.
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* Access to the Proxmox VE command line interface (CLI) via SSH.
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* A basic understanding of Proxmox VE and virtual machine management.
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## Installing the NVIDIA Driver on the Proxmox VE Host
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This step involves installing the NVIDIA driver on your Proxmox VE host operating system. The exact steps may vary slightly depending on your Proxmox VE version and the specific NVIDIA GPU you are using. Consult the official NVIDIA documentation for the most up-to-date instructions.
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Generally, you will need to download the appropriate driver package from the NVIDIA website and then install it using the package manager for your distribution.
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## Enabling GPU Passthrough
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Once the NVIDIA driver is installed, you need to enable GPU passthrough for your virtual machines. This involves assigning the GPU to a specific VM.
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1. **Identify your GPU:** Use the `lspci` command to identify the PCI address of your NVIDIA GPU. The output will look something like this:
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```bash
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01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation ...
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