update 1.2.2.2 beta

AppImage/scripts/flask_notification_routes.py

@@ -1586,10 +1586,18 @@ def internal_restore_event():
         stale_nodes = data.get('stale_nodes', '0')
         components = data.get('components', 'none')
         duration = data.get('duration', 'unknown')
+        # Boot sanity-check warnings surfaced by apply_cluster_postboot.sh.
+        # Empty on a clean restore; populated on the cross-version path
+        # when the sanity check found something the operator should know
+        # about (missing /lib/modules for the default kernel, no ESP
+        # configured, dangling /vmlinuz, ...).
+        warnings = data.get('warnings', '').strip()
+        severity = 'WARNING' if warnings else 'INFO'
+        warnings_block = f'\n⚠️  Boot sanity: {warnings}\n' if warnings else ''
 
         notification_manager.emit_event(
             event_type='system_restore_completed',
-            severity='INFO',
+            severity=severity,
             data={
                 'hostname': hostname,
                 'guests': guests,
@@ -1597,6 +1605,8 @@ def internal_restore_event():
                 'stale_nodes': stale_nodes,
                 'components': components,
                 'duration': duration,
+                'warnings': warnings,
+                'warnings_block': warnings_block,
             },
             source='proxmenux',
             entity='node',

AppImage/scripts/flask_server.py

@@ -9576,7 +9576,10 @@ def api_smart_run_test(disk_name):
                 capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10
             )
             if check_proc.returncode != 0:
-                return jsonify({'error': f'Cannot access NVMe device: {check_proc.stderr.strip() or "Device not responding"}'}), 500
+                # Device-level failure, not a server bug — return 400 so
+                # the UI surfaces the real stderr instead of a generic
+                # "500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR".
+                return jsonify({'error': f'Cannot access NVMe device: {check_proc.stderr.strip() or "Device not responding"}'}), 400
             
             # Check if device supports self-test by looking at OACS field
             # OACS bit 4 (0x10) indicates Device Self-test support
@@ -9616,8 +9619,8 @@ def api_smart_run_test(disk_name):
                 # Check for permission errors
                 if 'permission' in error_msg.lower() or 'operation not permitted' in error_msg.lower():
                     return jsonify({'error': f'Permission denied. Run as root: {error_msg}'}), 403
-                return jsonify({'error': f'Failed to start test: {error_msg}'}), 500
+                return jsonify({'error': f'Failed to start test: {error_msg}'}), 400
-            
+
             # Start background monitor to save JSON when test completes
             # Check 'Current Device Self-Test Operation' field - if > 0, test is running
             sleep_interval = 10 if test_type == 'short' else 60
@@ -9648,7 +9651,21 @@ def api_smart_run_test(disk_name):
             )
             
             if proc.returncode not in (0, 4):  # 4 = test started successfully
-                return jsonify({'error': f'Failed to start test: {proc.stderr}'}), 500
+                # smartctl scribbles the useful diagnostic on stderr for
+                # most failures but some device-level errors (USB SATA
+                # bridges that reject the SMART command, drives whose
+                # ATA passthrough is broken, ...) print the reason on
+                # stdout instead. Concatenate both so the operator sees
+                # the real reason in the toast rather than an opaque
+                # "500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR". Status is 400: the smartctl
+                # process ran fine, the device is what rejected the test.
+                err_detail = (proc.stderr or '').strip()
+                out_detail = (proc.stdout or '').strip()
+                combined = err_detail
+                if out_detail and out_detail not in err_detail:
+                    combined = f'{err_detail}\n{out_detail}' if err_detail else out_detail
+                combined = combined or f'smartctl exited with code {proc.returncode}'
+                return jsonify({'error': f'Failed to start test: {combined}'}), 400
             
             # Start background monitor to save JSON when test completes
             sleep_interval = 10 if test_type == 'short' else 60

AppImage/scripts/notification_templates.py

@@ -901,7 +901,16 @@ TEMPLATES = {
     },
     'system_restore_completed': {
         'title': '{hostname}: Host restore finished',
-        'body': 'Post-restore tasks completed in background.\n\nGuests applied: {guests}\nBind-mount stubs: {stubs}\nStale node dirs removed: {stale_nodes}\nComponents reinstalled: {components}\nDuration: {duration}\n\nThe node is now fully ready to use.',
+        'body': (
+            'Post-restore tasks completed in background.\n\n'
+            'Guests applied: {guests}\n'
+            'Bind-mount stubs: {stubs}\n'
+            'Stale node dirs removed: {stale_nodes}\n'
+            'Components reinstalled: {components}\n'
+            'Duration: {duration}\n'
+            '{warnings_block}\n'
+            'The node is now fully ready to use.'
+        ),
         'label': 'Host restore completed',
         'group': 'services',
         'default_enabled': True,

scripts/backup_restore/apply_cluster_postboot.sh

@@ -412,6 +412,49 @@ if [[ -n "$ROLLBACK_PLAN_FILE" ]] && command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1; then
     fi
 fi
 
+# ── Boot sanity check ──────────────────────────────────────────
+# Cross-version restores are the most likely path to a broken
+# boot: even with the safe-restore filter, catch situations where
+# the default kernel has no matching /lib/modules, no ESP is
+# configured, or a stale reference survived. Runs on every restore
+# (cheap); warnings feed the completion notification so it tells
+# the truth instead of a blanket "all fine".
+SANITY_WARNINGS=""
+_sanity_warn() {
+    if [[ -z "$SANITY_WARNINGS" ]]; then
+        SANITY_WARNINGS="$1"
+    else
+        SANITY_WARNINGS="${SANITY_WARNINGS}; $1"
+    fi
+}
+
+if command -v proxmox-boot-tool >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    if ! proxmox-boot-tool status 2>/dev/null | grep -q 'configured with'; then
+        _sanity_warn "proxmox-boot-tool reports no ESP configured"
+    fi
+fi
+
+if [[ -d /boot ]]; then
+    for _vmlinuz in /boot/vmlinuz-*; do
+        [[ -e "$_vmlinuz" ]] || continue
+        _kver="${_vmlinuz##*vmlinuz-}"
+        if [[ ! -d "/lib/modules/$_kver" ]]; then
+            _sanity_warn "kernel $_kver has no /lib/modules"
+        fi
+    done
+fi
+
+if [[ -L /vmlinuz && ! -e /vmlinuz ]]; then
+    _sanity_warn "/vmlinuz symlink is dangling"
+fi
+
+if [[ -n "$SANITY_WARNINGS" ]]; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "── Boot sanity check ──"
+    echo "$SANITY_WARNINGS"
+    echo "Cross-version: ${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:-0}"
+fi
+
 # ── Notify ProxMenux Monitor that we're done ───────────────────
 # Routes through the user's configured channels (Telegram, Discord,
 # ntfy, etc.). Localhost-only endpoint, no auth needed. We try
@@ -429,13 +472,31 @@ if command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1 && [[ -f "$COMPONENTS_STATUS" ]]; then
 fi
 
 if command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    PAYLOAD=$(printf '{"hostname":"%s","guests":"%s","stubs":"%s","stale_nodes":"%s","components":"%s","duration":"%s"}' \
+    # jq builds a proper JSON when available so SANITY_WARNINGS with
-        "$(hostname)" \
+    # special chars can't break the payload. Falls back to printf on
-        "${copied_guests:-0}" \
+    # hosts without jq — we already restrict SANITY_WARNINGS content
-        "${stub_created:-0}" \
+    # to plain ASCII in the sanity check above, so the fallback is
-        "${removed_nodes:-0}" \
+    # safe too.
-        "${COMPONENTS_REINSTALLED_CSV:-none}" \
+    if command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        "$POSTBOOT_DURATION_FMT")
+        PAYLOAD=$(jq -cn \
+            --arg hostname    "$(hostname)" \
+            --arg guests      "${copied_guests:-0}" \
+            --arg stubs       "${stub_created:-0}" \
+            --arg stale_nodes "${removed_nodes:-0}" \
+            --arg components  "${COMPONENTS_REINSTALLED_CSV:-none}" \
+            --arg duration    "$POSTBOOT_DURATION_FMT" \
+            --arg warnings    "$SANITY_WARNINGS" \
+            '{hostname:$hostname, guests:$guests, stubs:$stubs, stale_nodes:$stale_nodes, components:$components, duration:$duration, warnings:$warnings}')
+    else
+        PAYLOAD=$(printf '{"hostname":"%s","guests":"%s","stubs":"%s","stale_nodes":"%s","components":"%s","duration":"%s","warnings":"%s"}' \
+            "$(hostname)" \
+            "${copied_guests:-0}" \
+            "${stub_created:-0}" \
+            "${removed_nodes:-0}" \
+            "${COMPONENTS_REINSTALLED_CSV:-none}" \
+            "$POSTBOOT_DURATION_FMT" \
+            "$SANITY_WARNINGS")
+    fi
     NOTIFY_HTTP=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' \
         -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:8008/api/internal/restore-event" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/json" \

scripts/backup_restore/apply_pending_restore.sh

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ if [[ -f "$PLAN_ENV" ]]; then
 fi
 
 : "${HB_RESTORE_INCLUDE_ZFS:=0}"
+: "${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:=0}"
 
 if [[ ! -f "$APPLY_LIST" ]]; then
     echo "Apply list missing: $APPLY_LIST"
@@ -46,9 +47,10 @@ if [[ ! -f "$APPLY_LIST" ]]; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
-echo "Pending dir: $PENDING_DIR"
+echo "Pending dir:   $PENDING_DIR"
-echo "Apply list:  $APPLY_LIST"
+echo "Apply list:    $APPLY_LIST"
-echo "Include ZFS: $HB_RESTORE_INCLUDE_ZFS"
+echo "Include ZFS:   $HB_RESTORE_INCLUDE_ZFS"
+echo "Cross-version: $HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION"
 
 # Hardware-drift skips persisted by _rs_prepare_pending_restore.
 # Each line is an absolute path; we drop any rel path that matches
@@ -60,7 +62,12 @@ RS_SKIP_PATHS=""
 SKIP_PATHS_FILE="$PENDING_DIR/rs-skip-paths.txt"
 if [[ -f "$SKIP_PATHS_FILE" ]]; then
     RS_SKIP_PATHS=$(cat "$SKIP_PATHS_FILE")
-    echo "Skip paths:  $(wc -l <"$SKIP_PATHS_FILE") entries (drift)"
+    # Skips come from two sources today: hardware drift and
+    # cross-version safe restore. The label is generic so the log
+    # is truthful without having to reconcile the two upstream.
+    _skip_source_label="drift"
+    [[ "${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:-0}" == "1" ]] && _skip_source_label="drift + cross-version"
+    echo "Skip paths:  $(wc -l <"$SKIP_PATHS_FILE") entries (${_skip_source_label})"
 fi
 
 echo "running" >"$STATE_FILE"
@@ -265,6 +272,7 @@ EOF
             printf 'PENDING_DIR=%s\n'   "$PENDING_DIR"
             printf 'NEEDS_INITRAMFS=%s\n' "$NEEDS_INITRAMFS"
             printf 'NEEDS_GRUB=%s\n'      "$NEEDS_GRUB"
+            printf 'HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION=%s\n' "${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:-0}"
         } > /var/lib/proxmenux/cluster-apply-pending
         chmod 600 /var/lib/proxmenux/cluster-apply-pending
 

scripts/backup_restore/backup_host.sh

@@ -2057,6 +2057,7 @@ RESTORE_ID=${restore_id}
 CREATED_AT=${created_at}
 HB_RESTORE_INCLUDE_ZFS=${HB_RESTORE_INCLUDE_ZFS:-0}
 HB_ROLLBACK_EXECUTE=${HB_ROLLBACK_EXECUTE:-0}
+HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION=${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:-0}
 EOF
     # Persist hardware-drift skips so apply_pending_restore.sh can filter
     # them at boot. The RS_SKIP_PATHS env var only lives in the restore
@@ -2179,6 +2180,72 @@ _rs_run_complete_guided() {
         (( dialog_signal == 1 )) && RS_DRIFT_SUMMARY="$plan_body"
     fi
 
+    # ── NIC remap (silent, staging_root) ─────────────────────
+    # If hb_plan_nic_remaps found NIC(s) with the same MAC as the
+    # backup but a different ifname on the target (motherboard
+    # swap that shifted PCI addresses), rewrite the staging config
+    # in-place so the restored /etc/network/interfaces references
+    # the ifname that actually exists on this host. Also builds
+    # a small summary block for the confirm dialog — informative
+    # only, no yes/no.
+    RS_NIC_REMAP_SUMMARY=""
+    if (( ${#HB_NIC_REMAP[@]:-0} > 0 || ${#HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED[@]:-0} > 0 )); then
+        local nr_body entry old_if new_if nic_mac old_mac
+        nr_body="\Zb$(translate "NIC changes detected — adjusted automatically")\ZB"$'\n\n'
+        for entry in "${HB_NIC_REMAP[@]}"; do
+            IFS='|' read -r old_if new_if nic_mac <<<"$entry"
+            nr_body+="  \Z4•\Zn $(translate "Renamed"): \Zb${old_if}\ZB → \Zb${new_if}\ZB  ($(translate "same MAC"): ${nic_mac})"$'\n'
+        done
+        for entry in "${HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED[@]}"; do
+            IFS='|' read -r new_if old_mac nic_mac <<<"$entry"
+            nr_body+="  \Z4•\Zn \Zb${new_if}\ZB $(translate "has a new MAC"): ${nic_mac} ($(translate "was") ${old_mac})"$'\n'
+            nr_body+="    $(translate "If your DHCP has a static reservation for the old MAC, update it.")"$'\n'
+        done
+        RS_NIC_REMAP_SUMMARY="$nr_body"
+        hb_apply_nic_remaps "$staging_root"
+    fi
+
+    # ── Cross-version safe-restore filter ────────────────────
+    # When the backup was taken on a different PVE major or a
+    # different kernel major.minor, restoring boot/kernel/apt
+    # config on top of the current install is what causes the
+    # post-reboot kernel panic. Fold those paths into RS_SKIP_PATHS
+    # so the same downstream machinery that already honours skips
+    # (_rs_apply, _rs_collect_pending_paths, apply_pending_restore)
+    # keeps them out of the restore.
+    RS_CROSS_VERSION_SKIPS=""
+    if [[ "${HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+        local -a cv_skipped=()
+        local cv_line cv_path cv_reason cv_rel
+        while IFS=$'\t' read -r cv_path cv_reason; do
+            [[ -z "$cv_path" ]] && continue
+            cv_rel="${cv_path#/}"
+            # Only skip when the backup actually carries the path —
+            # otherwise the "excluded" line is misleading.
+            if [[ -e "$staging_root/rootfs/$cv_rel" ]]; then
+                cv_skipped+=("${cv_path}"$'\t'"${cv_reason}")
+                RS_SKIP_PATHS+="${cv_path}"$'\n'
+            fi
+        done < <(hb_unsafe_paths_cross_version)
+
+        if (( ${#cv_skipped[@]} > 0 )); then
+            local cv_body
+            cv_body="\Zb$(translate "Cross-version detected — safe restore mode")\ZB"$'\n\n'
+            cv_body+="$(translate "The backup was taken on a different PVE or kernel major.minor. These paths will be SKIPPED to keep the boot safe:")"$'\n\n'
+            for cv_line in "${cv_skipped[@]}"; do
+                cv_path="${cv_line%%$'\t'*}"
+                cv_reason="${cv_line#*$'\t'}"
+                cv_body+="  \Z1•\Zn \Zb${cv_path}\ZB"$'\n'
+                cv_body+="    $(translate "${cv_reason}")"$'\n\n'
+            done
+            RS_CROSS_VERSION_SKIPS="$cv_body"
+        fi
+        # Trim any leading duplicate newlines the concat may introduce.
+        RS_SKIP_PATHS="${RS_SKIP_PATHS#$'\n'}"
+        RS_SKIP_PATHS="${RS_SKIP_PATHS%$'\n'}"
+        export RS_SKIP_PATHS
+    fi
+
     # Build the rich confirmation body. Replaces the previous 4-strategy
     # menu — by design a Proxmox host restore always requires a reboot
     # for predictable end state (pmxcfs live writes + initramfs + driver
@@ -2222,6 +2289,13 @@ _rs_run_complete_guided() {
             body+="  • \Zb${label}\ZB  (${eta})"$'\n'
         done
     fi
+    # Silent NIC remap block first (informational, no action needed
+    # from the operator — the staging config has already been
+    # rewritten). Kept above drift/cross-version because it's the
+    # least alarming and the most common on hardware refreshes.
+    if [[ -n "${RS_NIC_REMAP_SUMMARY:-}" ]]; then
+        body+=$'\n'"${RS_NIC_REMAP_SUMMARY}"
+    fi
     # If smart restore flagged drift skips earlier, surface them here
     # so the operator sees everything in one screen instead of two
     # consecutive yes/no popups.
@@ -2233,6 +2307,12 @@ _rs_run_complete_guided() {
         _drift_bullets=$(printf '%s\n' "$RS_DRIFT_SUMMARY" | sed -n '/\Z1•\Zn/,$p')
         body+="$_drift_bullets"$'\n'
     fi
+    # Same treatment for cross-version skips (PVE major or kernel
+    # major.minor differ between backup and target). The stashed
+    # body already carries its own header — merge it as-is.
+    if [[ -n "${RS_CROSS_VERSION_SKIPS:-}" ]]; then
+        body+=$'\n'"${RS_CROSS_VERSION_SKIPS}"
+    fi
     body+=$'\n'"\Zb\Z4$(translate "A reboot is required to finish the restore.")\Zn"$'\n\n'
     body+="$(translate "If notifications are enabled (Telegram/Discord/ntfy/...), you will receive a \"Host restore finished\" message when all background tasks complete.")"$'\n\n'
     body+="\Zb$(translate "Continue?")\ZB"
@@ -2799,6 +2879,13 @@ restore_menu() {
         esac
 
         if [[ $ok -eq 1 ]] && _rs_check_layout "$staging_root"; then
+            # Plan NIC remaps FIRST so hb_compat_check knows which
+            # "missing" NICs are actually renames (same MAC, new
+            # ifname after a motherboard swap) and can downgrade
+            # them from FAIL to INFO. Also fills HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED
+            # for same-name-different-MAC hosts.
+            hb_plan_nic_remaps "$staging_root"
+
             # Run the compatibility check BEFORE the apply menu so
             # the operator sees PVE-version / hostname / network /
             # storage drift up front. This also sets

scripts/backup_restore/lib_host_backup_common.sh

@@ -2539,10 +2539,148 @@ hb_ensure_pv() {
 # storage / network / VMID drift BEFORE the apply menu opens.
 #
 # After running hb_compat_check, the caller can read:
-#   HB_COMPAT_SAME_HOST  → 1 if backup's hostname matches current
+# ==========================================================
-#   HB_COMPAT_ANY_FAIL   → 1 if at least one FAIL was raised
+# NIC REMAP PLAN + APPLY
-#   HB_COMPAT_ANY_WARN   → 1 if at least one WARN was raised
+# ==========================================================
-#   HB_COMPAT_RESULTS[]  → array of "STATUS|category|message" entries
+# Reconciles NICs recorded in the backup manifest against the
+# live host. Covers the "motherboard swap" scenario: same NIC
+# chip lands on a different PCI slot after the swap, so the
+# ifname changes (enp0s31f6 → enp0s25) even though the MAC is
+# the same. Without a remap the restored /etc/network/interfaces
+# references a name that no longer exists → no network at boot.
+#
+# Populates arrays (only when jq + manifest are available):
+#   HB_NIC_REMAP[i]="<old_ifname>|<new_ifname>|<mac>"
+#     — same MAC, different ifname. Rewrites the staging config
+#       so the restored files use <new_ifname>.
+#   HB_NIC_ORPHAN[i]="<old_ifname>|<mac>"
+#     — MAC from the backup not present on target at all.
+#       Real hardware removal, left to hb_compat_check to
+#       report as WARN/FAIL depending on wired-ness.
+#   HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED[i]="<ifname>|<old_mac>|<new_mac>"
+#     — same ifname on target, but MAC differs. Motherboard
+#       replacement with same PCI layout but different NIC chip.
+#       Boot succeeds; surfaces INFO so the operator can update
+#       any DHCP static reservation that keyed on the old MAC.
+# ==========================================================
+hb_plan_nic_remaps() {
+    local staging_root="$1"
+    HB_NIC_REMAP=()
+    HB_NIC_ORPHAN=()
+    HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED=()
+
+    local manifest="$staging_root/manifest.json"
+    [[ -f "$manifest" ]] || return 0
+    command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1 || return 0
+
+    declare -A _dest_mac_by_if=()
+    declare -A _dest_if_by_mac=()
+    local dev_path _if _mac
+    for dev_path in /sys/class/net/*; do
+        _if="$(basename "$dev_path")"
+        case "$_if" in
+            lo|veth*|tap*|fwln*|fwbr*|fwpr*|vmbr*|bond*) continue ;;
+        esac
+        [[ -e "$dev_path/device" ]] || continue
+        _mac="$(cat "$dev_path/address" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+        [[ -z "$_mac" ]] && continue
+        _dest_mac_by_if["$_if"]="$_mac"
+        _dest_if_by_mac["$_mac"]="$_if"
+    done
+
+    local src_if src_mac
+    while IFS=$'\t' read -r src_if src_mac; do
+        [[ -z "$src_if" || -z "$src_mac" ]] && continue
+        # 1) Same ifname on target — compare MAC.
+        if [[ -n "${_dest_mac_by_if[$src_if]:-}" ]]; then
+            local cur_mac="${_dest_mac_by_if[$src_if]}"
+            if [[ "$cur_mac" != "$src_mac" ]]; then
+                HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED+=("${src_if}|${src_mac}|${cur_mac}")
+            fi
+            continue
+        fi
+        # 2) MAC found on a different ifname — remap.
+        if [[ -n "${_dest_if_by_mac[$src_mac]:-}" ]]; then
+            HB_NIC_REMAP+=("${src_if}|${_dest_if_by_mac[$src_mac]}|${src_mac}")
+            continue
+        fi
+        # 3) Neither ifname nor MAC — real removal.
+        HB_NIC_ORPHAN+=("${src_if}|${src_mac}")
+    done < <(jq -r '.hardware_inventory.nic[]? | "\(.ifname)\t\(.mac)"' "$manifest" 2>/dev/null)
+}
+
+# Rewrites NIC names in the staging_root's network config so the
+# restored /etc/network/interfaces (and interfaces.d/*, and
+# systemd-networkd .link files if present) uses the new names.
+# Only touches the staging copy — nothing on the live host changes
+# until the normal apply step runs. GNU sed word boundaries (\b)
+# keep eth10 safe when renaming eth1.
+hb_apply_nic_remaps() {
+    local staging_root="$1"
+    (( ${#HB_NIC_REMAP[@]} == 0 )) && return 0
+
+    local -a targets=()
+    [[ -f "$staging_root/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces" ]] && \
+        targets+=("$staging_root/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces")
+    if [[ -d "$staging_root/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces.d" ]]; then
+        while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do targets+=("$f"); done \
+            < <(find "$staging_root/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces.d" -type f -print0 2>/dev/null)
+    fi
+    if [[ -d "$staging_root/rootfs/etc/systemd/network" ]]; then
+        while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do targets+=("$f"); done \
+            < <(find "$staging_root/rootfs/etc/systemd/network" -type f -print0 2>/dev/null)
+    fi
+    (( ${#targets[@]} == 0 )) && return 0
+
+    local entry old_if new_if _mac t
+    for entry in "${HB_NIC_REMAP[@]}"; do
+        IFS='|' read -r old_if new_if _mac <<<"$entry"
+        [[ -z "$old_if" || -z "$new_if" ]] && continue
+        for t in "${targets[@]}"; do
+            sed -i "s/\\b${old_if}\\b/${new_if}/g" "$t" 2>/dev/null || true
+        done
+    done
+}
+
+# ==========================================================
+# CROSS-VERSION UNSAFE PATHS
+# ==========================================================
+# Curated list of paths that reliably break the boot when a backup
+# taken on PVE major X or kernel major.minor Y is applied on a
+# different X/Y. Restoring these is what caused the field-reported
+# kernel panic (backup on 9.1.9 / kernel 6.x restored on 9.2.3 /
+# kernel 7.x). We ship a static list rather than a heuristic so
+# behaviour is auditable — the operator can inspect it once and
+# know what "safe restore mode" means.
+#
+# Output: one line per path, tab-separated: <abs_path>\t<reason>
+# The reason is a short label used verbatim in the confirm dialog.
+# ==========================================================
+hb_unsafe_paths_cross_version() {
+    cat <<'EOF'
+/etc/default/grub	GRUB defaults tied to prior kernel order
+/etc/kernel	proxmox-boot-tool state (cmdline, ESP UUIDs, hooks)
+/etc/modules-load.d	autoload list may reference renamed modules
+/etc/modprobe.d	module options may not apply on new kernel
+/etc/apt	source suites may trigger downgrade on next upgrade
+/etc/initramfs-tools	initramfs hooks tied to prior kernel
+/etc/fstab	UUIDs may not exist on this install
+/etc/multipath	multipath drivers change between kernels
+/etc/iscsi	iSCSI parameters evolve between kernels
+/etc/udev/rules.d	udev rules may bind to nonexistent subsystems
+/etc/zfs	zpool.cache + hostid can lock the pool as foreign
+EOF
+}
+
+#   HB_COMPAT_SAME_HOST     → 1 if backup's hostname matches current
+#   HB_COMPAT_ANY_FAIL      → 1 if at least one FAIL was raised
+#   HB_COMPAT_ANY_WARN      → 1 if at least one WARN was raised
+#   HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION → 1 if PVE major OR kernel major.minor differs
+#                             (triggers the safe-restore path filter that
+#                             skips grub/kernel/apt/dkms/... — see
+#                             hb_unsafe_paths_cross_version)
+#   HB_COMPAT_RESULTS[]     → array of "STATUS|category|message" entries
+#                             where STATUS ∈ {PASS, INFO, WARN, FAIL}
 # Use hb_show_compat_report to surface the result and let the user
 # decide whether to continue.
 # ==========================================================
@@ -2552,6 +2690,7 @@ hb_compat_check() {
     HB_COMPAT_SAME_HOST=0
     HB_COMPAT_ANY_FAIL=0
     HB_COMPAT_ANY_WARN=0
+    HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION=0
 
     local meta="$staging_root/metadata"
     local rootfs="$staging_root/rootfs"
@@ -2594,8 +2733,13 @@ hb_compat_check() {
         elif [[ "$bk_major" == "$cur_major" ]]; then
             HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("PASS|PVE version|$(hb_translate "Same major series:") $bk_pve → $cur_pve")
         else
-            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("FAIL|PVE version|$(hb_translate "Major version mismatch:") $bk_pve → $cur_pve $(hb_translate "(default paths and packages may have changed)")")
+            # Major PVE bump — used to hard-FAIL, but the restore now
-            HB_COMPAT_ANY_FAIL=1
+            # automatically drops boot/kernel/apt-critical paths in
+            # this case (see hb_unsafe_paths_cross_version). Downgrade
+            # to INFO so the user knows what's happening; the safe
+            # filter does the actual protection.
+            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("INFO|PVE version|$(hb_translate "Major version differs:") $bk_pve → $cur_pve $(hb_translate "— safe restore mode will skip boot/kernel/apt config")")
+            HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION=1
         fi
     fi
 
@@ -2615,8 +2759,10 @@ hb_compat_check() {
             if [[ "$bk_kmaj" == "$cur_kmaj" ]]; then
                 HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("PASS|Kernel|$(hb_translate "Same major.minor:") $bk_kernel → $cur_kernel")
             else
-                HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("WARN|Kernel|$(hb_translate "Different kernel:") $bk_kernel → $cur_kernel")
+                # Kernel major.minor drift — same reasoning as the
-                HB_COMPAT_ANY_WARN=1
+                # PVE case above. Safe filter handles it.
+                HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("INFO|Kernel|$(hb_translate "Different kernel major.minor:") $bk_kernel → $cur_kernel $(hb_translate "— safe restore mode will skip kernel-tied config")")
+                HB_COMPAT_CROSS_VERSION=1
             fi
         fi
     fi
@@ -2676,7 +2822,19 @@ hb_compat_check() {
             fi
         done
         # Classify each missing NIC as wired vs orphan declaration.
+        # A "missing" NIC that hb_plan_nic_remaps already matched by
+        # MAC to a new ifname is NOT missing in any meaningful sense
+        # — the restored config will be rewritten to use the new
+        # name before apply. Skip it here.
+        local -A _remap_old=()
+        local _re_entry _re_old
+        for _re_entry in "${HB_NIC_REMAP[@]:-}"; do
+            [[ -z "$_re_entry" ]] && continue
+            _re_old="${_re_entry%%|*}"
+            [[ -n "$_re_old" ]] && _remap_old["$_re_old"]=1
+        done
         for i in "${missing_ifaces[@]}"; do
+            [[ -n "${_remap_old[$i]:-}" ]] && continue
             # Match: `auto <nic>`, `bridge-ports ... <nic>`, `bridge_ports ... <nic>`,
             #        `bond-slaves ... <nic>`, `bond_slaves ... <nic>`, `slaves ... <nic>`
             if grep -qE "(^auto[[:space:]]+${i}\$|bridge[-_]ports[[:space:]]+.*\b${i}\b|bond[-_]slaves[[:space:]]+.*\b${i}\b|^[[:space:]]*slaves[[:space:]]+.*\b${i}\b)" "$ifaces_file"; then
@@ -2686,6 +2844,25 @@ hb_compat_check() {
             fi
         done
 
+        # Surface renames + MAC changes as INFO so the panel shows them
+        # if there's something else to see, but doesn't force it open.
+        # Separated `local` declarations because bash `set -u` in caller
+        # scopes gets grumpy about chained `local a=$b c=$a` forms.
+        local _re _o _rest _n
+        for _re in "${HB_NIC_REMAP[@]:-}"; do
+            [[ -z "$_re" ]] && continue
+            _o="${_re%%|*}"
+            _rest="${_re#*|}"
+            _n="${_rest%%|*}"
+            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("INFO|Network|$(hb_translate "Renamed NIC:") ${_o} → ${_n} $(hb_translate "(same MAC — restored config adjusted automatically)")")
+        done
+        local _mc _ifn
+        for _mc in "${HB_NIC_MAC_CHANGED[@]:-}"; do
+            [[ -z "$_mc" ]] && continue
+            _ifn="${_mc%%|*}"
+            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("INFO|Network|$(hb_translate "NIC") ${_ifn} $(hb_translate "has a different MAC than the backup — update any DHCP static reservation")")
+        done
+
         if [[ ${#bk_ifaces[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
             : # nothing to check
         elif [[ ${#missing_ifaces[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
@@ -2727,8 +2904,10 @@ hb_compat_check() {
             else
                 list_str="${missing_pkgs[*]:0:6}… (+ $((${#missing_pkgs[@]} - 6)) $(hb_translate "more"))"
             fi
-            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("WARN|Packages|${#missing_pkgs[@]} $(hb_translate "user-installed packages from backup are missing here:") $list_str")
+            # Missing packages are auto-installed by _rs_run_complete_extras
-            HB_COMPAT_ANY_WARN=1
+            # regardless of restore strategy — the user doesn't have to
+            # decide anything, so INFO instead of WARN.
+            HB_COMPAT_RESULTS+=("INFO|Packages|${#missing_pkgs[@]} $(hb_translate "user packages missing — will be installed automatically:") $list_str")
         fi
     fi
 
@@ -2766,13 +2945,14 @@ hb_compat_check() {
 # report and lets the user proceed; an all-PASS report only shows up
 # briefly so the user can see it succeeded.
 hb_show_compat_report() {
-    local pass=0 warn=0 fail=0 line status rest cat msg
+    local pass=0 info=0 warn=0 fail=0 line status rest cat msg
     local report=""
     for line in "${HB_COMPAT_RESULTS[@]}"; do
         status="${line%%|*}"; rest="${line#*|}"
         cat="${rest%%|*}";    msg="${rest#*|}"
         case "$status" in
-            PASS) ((pass++)); report+=$' [OK]  '"${cat}"$'  — '"${msg}"$'\n' ;;
+            PASS) ((pass++)); report+=$' [OK]   '"${cat}"$' — '"${msg}"$'\n' ;;
+            INFO) ((info++)); report+=$' [INFO] '"${cat}"$' — '"${msg}"$'\n' ;;
             WARN) ((warn++)); report+=$' [WARN] '"${cat}"$' — '"${msg}"$'\n' ;;
             FAIL) ((fail++)); report+=$' [FAIL] '"${cat}"$' — '"${msg}"$'\n' ;;
         esac
@@ -2780,7 +2960,7 @@ hb_show_compat_report() {
 
     local summary
     summary="$(hb_translate "Compatibility check"): "
-    summary+="${pass} pass, ${warn} warn, ${fail} fail"
+    summary+="${pass} pass, ${info} info, ${warn} warn, ${fail} fail"
 
     local tmpfile
     tmpfile=$(mktemp)