update switch_gpu_mode.sh

scripts/gpu_tpu/add_gpu_lxc.sh

@@ -799,6 +799,9 @@ _remove_gpu_blacklist() {
       sed -i '/^blacklist nouveau$/d'          "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia$/d'            "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist nvidiafb$/d'          "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_drm$/d'        "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_modeset$/d'    "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_uvm$/d'        "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist lbm-nouveau$/d'       "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^options nouveau modeset=0$/d'   "$blacklist_file"
       ;;

scripts/gpu_tpu/add_gpu_vm.sh

@@ -259,9 +259,20 @@ evaluate_host_reboot_requirement() {
         nvidia)
             _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nouveau" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
             _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nvidia" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
+            _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nvidia_drm" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
+            _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nvidia_modeset" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
+            _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nvidia_uvm" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
             _file_has_exact_line "blacklist nvidiafb" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
             _file_has_exact_line "blacklist lbm-nouveau" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
             _file_has_exact_line "options nouveau modeset=0" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
+            [[ -f /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf ]] && needs_change=true
+            grep -qE '^(nvidia|nvidia_uvm|nvidia_drm|nvidia_modeset)$' /etc/modules 2>/dev/null && needs_change=true
+            local svc
+            for svc in nvidia-persistenced.service nvidia-persistenced nvidia-powerd.service nvidia-fabricmanager.service; do
+                if systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null || systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+                    needs_change=true
+                fi
+            done
             ;;
         amd)
             _file_has_exact_line "blacklist radeon" "$blacklist_file" || needs_change=true
@@ -1381,6 +1392,9 @@ blacklist_gpu_drivers() {
         nvidia)
             _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nouveau"          "$blacklist_file"
             _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia"           "$blacklist_file"
+            _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_drm"       "$blacklist_file"
+            _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_modeset"   "$blacklist_file"
+            _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_uvm"       "$blacklist_file"
             _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidiafb"         "$blacklist_file"
             _add_line_if_missing "blacklist lbm-nouveau"      "$blacklist_file"
             _add_line_if_missing "options nouveau modeset=0"  "$blacklist_file"
@@ -1396,6 +1410,63 @@ blacklist_gpu_drivers() {
     msg_ok "$(translate 'GPU host driver blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
 }
 
+sanitize_nvidia_host_stack_for_vfio() {
+    msg_info "$(translate 'Sanitizing NVIDIA host services for VFIO mode...')"
+    local changed=false
+    local state_dir="/var/lib/proxmenux"
+    local state_file="${state_dir}/nvidia-host-services.state"
+    local svc
+    local -a services=(
+        "nvidia-persistenced.service"
+        "nvidia-powerd.service"
+        "nvidia-fabricmanager.service"
+    )
+
+    mkdir -p "$state_dir" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    : > "$state_file"
+
+    for svc in "${services[@]}"; do
+        local was_enabled=0 was_active=0
+        if systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+            was_enabled=1
+        fi
+        if systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+            was_active=1
+        fi
+        if (( was_enabled == 1 || was_active == 1 )); then
+            echo "${svc} enabled=${was_enabled} active=${was_active}" >>"$state_file"
+        fi
+
+        if systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+            systemctl stop "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+            changed=true
+        fi
+        if systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+            systemctl disable "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+            changed=true
+        fi
+    done
+
+    [[ -s "$state_file" ]] || rm -f "$state_file"
+
+    if [[ -f /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf ]]; then
+        mv /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf.proxmenux-disabled-vfio >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+        changed=true
+    fi
+
+    if grep -qE '^(nvidia|nvidia_uvm|nvidia_drm|nvidia_modeset)$' /etc/modules 2>/dev/null; then
+        sed -i '/^nvidia$/d;/^nvidia_uvm$/d;/^nvidia_drm$/d;/^nvidia_modeset$/d' /etc/modules
+        changed=true
+    fi
+
+    if $changed; then
+        HOST_CONFIG_CHANGED=true
+        msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload disabled for VFIO mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+    else
+        msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload already aligned for VFIO mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+    fi
+}
+
 
 # ── AMD ROM dump: sysfs first, VFCT ACPI table as fallback ───────────────
 _dump_rom_via_vfct() {
@@ -1726,6 +1797,7 @@ main() {
         blacklist_gpu_drivers
         [[ "$SELECTED_GPU" == "amd" ]] && dump_amd_rom
     fi
+    [[ "$SELECTED_GPU" == "nvidia" ]] && sanitize_nvidia_host_stack_for_vfio
     cleanup_lxc_configs
     cleanup_vm_config
     ensure_vm_display_std
@@ -1748,7 +1820,11 @@ main() {
     fi
 
     if [[ "$WIZARD_CALL" == "true" ]]; then
-        _set_wizard_result "applied"
+        if [[ "$HOST_CONFIG_CHANGED" == "true" ]]; then
+            _set_wizard_result "applied_reboot_required"
+        else
+            _set_wizard_result "applied"
+        fi
         rm -f "$screen_capture"
         return 0
     fi

scripts/gpu_tpu/switch_gpu_mode.sh

@@ -183,10 +183,13 @@ _remove_gpu_blacklist() {
   local changed=false
   case "$gpu_type" in
     nvidia)
-      grep -qE '^blacklist (nouveau|nvidia|nvidiafb|lbm-nouveau)$|^options nouveau modeset=0$' "$blacklist_file" 2>/dev/null && changed=true
+      grep -qE '^blacklist (nouveau|nvidia|nvidiafb|nvidia_drm|nvidia_modeset|nvidia_uvm|lbm-nouveau)$|^options nouveau modeset=0$' "$blacklist_file" 2>/dev/null && changed=true
       sed -i '/^blacklist nouveau$/d' "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia$/d' "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist nvidiafb$/d' "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_drm$/d' "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_modeset$/d' "$blacklist_file"
+      sed -i '/^blacklist nvidia_uvm$/d' "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^blacklist lbm-nouveau$/d' "$blacklist_file"
       sed -i '/^options nouveau modeset=0$/d' "$blacklist_file"
       ;;
@@ -213,6 +216,9 @@ _add_gpu_blacklist() {
       _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nouveau" "$blacklist_file"
       _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia" "$blacklist_file"
       _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidiafb" "$blacklist_file"
+      _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_drm" "$blacklist_file"
+      _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_modeset" "$blacklist_file"
+      _add_line_if_missing "blacklist nvidia_uvm" "$blacklist_file"
       _add_line_if_missing "blacklist lbm-nouveau" "$blacklist_file"
       _add_line_if_missing "options nouveau modeset=0" "$blacklist_file"
       ;;
@@ -226,6 +232,103 @@ _add_gpu_blacklist() {
   esac
 }
 
+_sanitize_nvidia_host_stack_for_vfio() {
+  local changed=false
+  local state_dir="/var/lib/proxmenux"
+  local state_file="${state_dir}/nvidia-host-services.state"
+  local svc
+  local -a services=(
+    "nvidia-persistenced.service"
+    "nvidia-powerd.service"
+    "nvidia-fabricmanager.service"
+  )
+
+  mkdir -p "$state_dir" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  : > "$state_file"
+
+  for svc in "${services[@]}"; do
+    local was_enabled=0 was_active=0
+    if systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+      was_enabled=1
+    fi
+    if systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+      was_active=1
+    fi
+    if (( was_enabled == 1 || was_active == 1 )); then
+      echo "${svc} enabled=${was_enabled} active=${was_active}" >>"$state_file"
+    fi
+
+    if systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+      systemctl stop "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+      changed=true
+    fi
+    if systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$svc" 2>/dev/null; then
+      systemctl disable "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+      changed=true
+    fi
+  done
+
+  [[ -s "$state_file" ]] || rm -f "$state_file"
+
+  if [[ -f /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf ]]; then
+    mv /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf.proxmenux-disabled-vfio >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+    changed=true
+  fi
+
+  if grep -qE '^(nvidia|nvidia_uvm|nvidia_drm|nvidia_modeset)$' /etc/modules 2>/dev/null; then
+    sed -i '/^nvidia$/d;/^nvidia_uvm$/d;/^nvidia_drm$/d;/^nvidia_modeset$/d' /etc/modules
+    changed=true
+  fi
+
+  if $changed; then
+    HOST_CONFIG_CHANGED=true
+    msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload disabled for VFIO mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+  else
+    msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload already aligned for VFIO mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+  fi
+}
+
+_restore_nvidia_host_stack_for_lxc() {
+  local changed=false
+  local state_file="/var/lib/proxmenux/nvidia-host-services.state"
+  local disabled_file="/etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf.proxmenux-disabled-vfio"
+  local active_file="/etc/modules-load.d/nvidia-vfio.conf"
+
+  # Restore previous modules-load policy if ProxMenux disabled it in VM mode.
+  if [[ -f "$disabled_file" ]]; then
+    mv "$disabled_file" "$active_file" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+    changed=true
+  fi
+
+  # Best effort: load NVIDIA kernel modules now that we are back in native mode.
+  # If not installed, these calls simply fail silently.
+  modprobe nvidia >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  modprobe nvidia_uvm >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  modprobe nvidia_modeset >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  modprobe nvidia_drm >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+
+  if [[ -f "$state_file" ]]; then
+    while IFS= read -r line; do
+      [[ -z "$line" ]] && continue
+      local svc enabled active
+      svc=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
+      enabled=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'enabled=' '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}')
+      active=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'active=' '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}')
+      [[ "$enabled" == "1" ]] && systemctl enable "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+      [[ "$active" == "1" ]] && systemctl start "$svc" >>"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 || true
+    done <"$state_file"
+    rm -f "$state_file"
+    changed=true
+  fi
+
+  if $changed; then
+    HOST_CONFIG_CHANGED=true
+    msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload restored for native mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+  else
+    msg_ok "$(translate 'NVIDIA host services/autoload already aligned for native mode')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+  fi
+}
+
 _add_amd_softdep() {
   local vfio_conf="/etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf"
   _add_line_if_missing "softdep radeon pre: vfio-pci" "$vfio_conf"
@@ -777,6 +880,7 @@ switch_to_vm_mode() {
     _add_gpu_blacklist "$t"
   done
   msg_ok "$(translate 'GPU host driver blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf')" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
+  _contains_in_array "nvidia" "${selected_types[@]}" && _sanitize_nvidia_host_stack_for_vfio
   _contains_in_array "amd" "${selected_types[@]}" && _add_amd_softdep
 
   if [[ "$HOST_CONFIG_CHANGED" == "true" ]]; then
@@ -840,6 +944,9 @@ switch_to_lxc_mode() {
       if _remove_gpu_blacklist "$t"; then
         msg_ok "$(translate 'Driver blacklist removed for') ${t}" | tee -a "$screen_capture"
       fi
+      if [[ "$t" == "nvidia" ]]; then
+        _restore_nvidia_host_stack_for_lxc
+      fi
     fi
   done
 

scripts/vm/synology.sh

@@ -1456,8 +1456,23 @@ if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" ]]; then
   replay_vm_wizard_capture
 fi
 
-if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+local GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="no"
+local GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
+case "${WIZARD_GPU_RESULT:-}" in
+  applied)
+    GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+    ;;
+  applied_reboot_required)
+    GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+    GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+    ;;
+esac
+
+if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
   msg_success "$(translate "Completed Successfully with GPU passthrough configured!")"
+  if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+    msg_warn "$(translate "Host VFIO configuration changed (initramfs updated). Reboot required before starting the VM.")"
+  fi
 else
   msg_success "$(translate "Completed Successfully!")"
   if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "no_gpu" ]]; then
@@ -1473,15 +1488,27 @@ echo -e "${TAB}2. $(translate "Open the VM console and wait for the loader to bo
 echo -e "${TAB}3. $(translate "In the loader interface, follow the instructions to select your Synology model")"
 echo -e "${TAB}4. $(translate "Complete the DSM installation wizard")"
 echo -e "${TAB}5. $(translate "Find your device using https://finds.synology.com")"
-if [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
   echo -e "${TAB}- $(translate "If you want to use a physical monitor on the passthrough GPU:")"
   echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "First complete DSM setup and verify Web UI/SSH access.")"
   echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "Then change the VM display to none (vga: none) when the system is stable.")"
 fi
+local HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
 if [[ "${VM_STORAGE_IOMMU_PENDING_REBOOT:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+  HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
   msg_warn "$(translate "IOMMU was enabled during this wizard. Reboot the host to apply it.")"
   echo -e "${TAB}$(translate "After reboot, run: Storage -> Add Controller or NVMe PCIe to VM, and select VM") ${VMID}."
 fi
+if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+  HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+fi
+if [[ "$HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+  if whiptail --title "$(translate "Reboot Recommended")" --yesno \
+"$(translate "A host reboot is required to apply passthrough changes before starting the VM.")\n\n$(translate "Do you want to reboot now?")" 11 78; then
+    msg_warn "$(translate "Rebooting the system...")"
+    reboot
+  fi
+fi
 echo -e
 
 #msg_success "$(translate "Press Enter to return to the main menu...")"

scripts/vm/vm_creator.sh

@@ -704,6 +704,17 @@ fi
 if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" ]]; then
   WIZARD_GPU_RESULT="cancelled"
   run_gpu_passthrough_wizard
+  local GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="no"
+  local GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
+  case "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" in
+    applied)
+      GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+      ;;
+    applied_reboot_required)
+      GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+      GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+      ;;
+  esac
   if [[ "${VM_WIZARD_CAPTURE_ACTIVE:-0}" -eq 1 ]]; then
     stop_spinner
     exec 1>&8
@@ -714,8 +725,11 @@ if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" ]]; then
     rm -f "$VM_WIZARD_CAPTURE_FILE"
     VM_WIZARD_CAPTURE_FILE=""
   fi
-  if [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+  if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
     msg_success "$(translate "VM creation completed with GPU passthrough configured.")"
+    if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+      msg_warn "$(translate "Host VFIO configuration changed (initramfs updated). Reboot required before starting the VM.")"
+    fi
   elif [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "no_gpu" ]]; then
     msg_success "$(translate "VM creation completed. GPU passthrough was skipped (no compatible GPU detected).")"
   else
@@ -730,7 +744,7 @@ if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" ]]; then
     echo -e "${TAB}4. $(translate "Continue the Windows installation as usual.")"
     echo -e "${TAB}5. $(translate "Once installed, open the VirtIO ISO and run the installer to complete driver setup.")"
     echo -e "${TAB}6. $(translate "Reboot the VM to complete the driver installation.")"
-    if [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+    if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
       echo -e "${TAB}- $(translate "If you want to use a physical monitor on the passthrough GPU:")"
       echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "First install the GPU drivers inside the guest and verify remote access (RDP/SSH).")"
       echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "Then change the VM display to none (vga: none) when the guest is stable.")"
@@ -741,17 +755,29 @@ if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" ]]; then
     echo -e "${TAB}${GN}$(translate "Recommended: Install the QEMU Guest Agent in the VM")${CL}"
     echo -e "${TAB}$(translate "Run the following inside the VM:")"
     echo -e "${TAB}apt install qemu-guest-agent -y && systemctl enable --now qemu-guest-agent"
-    if [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+    if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
       echo -e "${TAB}- $(translate "If you want to use a physical monitor on the passthrough GPU:")"
       echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "First install the GPU drivers inside the guest and verify remote access (RDP/SSH).")"
       echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "Then change the VM display to none (vga: none) when the guest is stable.")"
     fi
     echo -e
   fi
+  local HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
   if [[ "${VM_STORAGE_IOMMU_PENDING_REBOOT:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+    HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
     msg_warn "$(translate "IOMMU was enabled during this wizard. Reboot the host to apply it.")"
     echo -e "${TAB}$(translate "After reboot, run: Storage -> Add Controller or NVMe PCIe to VM, and select VM") ${VMID}."
   fi
+  if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+    HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+  fi
+  if [[ "$HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+    if whiptail --title "$(translate "Reboot Recommended")" --yesno \
+"$(translate "A host reboot is required to apply passthrough changes before starting the VM.")\n\n$(translate "Do you want to reboot now?")" 11 78; then
+      msg_warn "$(translate "Rebooting the system...")"
+      reboot
+    fi
+  fi
   msg_success "$(translate "Press Enter to return to the main menu...")"
   read -r
   bash "$LOCAL_SCRIPTS/menus/create_vm_menu.sh"

scripts/vm/zimaos.sh

@@ -1483,8 +1483,23 @@ else
     replay_vm_wizard_capture
   fi
 
-  if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+  local GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="no"
+  local GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
+  case "${WIZARD_GPU_RESULT:-}" in
+    applied)
+      GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+      ;;
+    applied_reboot_required)
+      GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED="yes"
+      GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
     msg_success "$(translate "Completed Successfully with GPU passthrough configured!")"
+    if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+      msg_warn "$(translate "Host VFIO configuration changed (initramfs updated). Reboot required before starting the VM.")"
+    fi
   else
     msg_success "$(translate "Completed Successfully!")"
     if [[ "${WIZARD_ADD_GPU:-no}" == "yes" && "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "no_gpu" ]]; then
@@ -1498,15 +1513,27 @@ else
   echo -e "${TAB}1. $(translate "Start the VM")"
   echo -e "${TAB}2. $(translate "Open the VM console and wait for the installer to boot")"
   echo -e "${TAB}3. $(translate "Complete the ZimaOS installation wizard")"
-  if [[ "$WIZARD_GPU_RESULT" == "applied" ]]; then
+  if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_APPLIED" == "yes" ]]; then
     echo -e "${TAB}- $(translate "If you want to use a physical monitor on the passthrough GPU:")"
     echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "First complete ZimaOS setup and verify remote access (web/SSH).")"
     echo -e "${TAB}• $(translate "Then change the VM display to none (vga: none) when the system is stable.")"
   fi
+  local HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="no"
   if [[ "${VM_STORAGE_IOMMU_PENDING_REBOOT:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+    HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
     msg_warn "$(translate "IOMMU was enabled during this wizard. Reboot the host to apply it.")"
     echo -e "${TAB}$(translate "After reboot, run: Storage -> Add Controller or NVMe PCIe to VM, and select VM") ${VMID}."
   fi
+  if [[ "$GPU_WIZARD_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+    HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED="yes"
+  fi
+  if [[ "$HOST_REBOOT_REQUIRED" == "yes" ]]; then
+    if whiptail --title "$(translate "Reboot Recommended")" --yesno \
+"$(translate "A host reboot is required to apply passthrough changes before starting the VM.")\n\n$(translate "Do you want to reboot now?")" 11 78; then
+      msg_warn "$(translate "Rebooting the system...")"
+      reboot
+    fi
+  fi
   echo -e