mikrotik: allow to set DNS, wip: handle routes in wg-controller

cmd/wg-portal/main.go

@@ -53,8 +53,6 @@ func main() {
 	wireGuard, err := wireguard.NewControllerManager(cfg)
 	internal.AssertNoError(err)
 
-	wgQuick := adapters.NewWgQuickRepo()
-
 	mailer := adapters.NewSmtpMailRepo(cfg.Mail)
 
 	metricsServer := adapters.NewMetricsServer(cfg)
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ func main() {
 	webAuthn, err := auth.NewWebAuthnAuthenticator(cfg, eventBus, userManager)
 	internal.AssertNoError(err)
 
-	wireGuardManager, err := wireguard.NewWireGuardManager(cfg, eventBus, wireGuard, wgQuick, database)
+	wireGuardManager, err := wireguard.NewWireGuardManager(cfg, eventBus, wireGuard, database)
 	internal.AssertNoError(err)
 	wireGuardManager.StartBackgroundJobs(ctx)
 
@@ -107,7 +105,7 @@ func main() {
 	mailManager, err := mail.NewMailManager(cfg, mailer, cfgFileManager, database, database)
 	internal.AssertNoError(err)
 
-	routeManager, err := route.NewRouteManager(cfg, eventBus, database)
+	routeManager, err := route.NewRouteManager(cfg, eventBus, database, wireGuard)
 	internal.AssertNoError(err)
 	routeManager.StartBackgroundJobs(ctx)
 

docs/documentation/configuration/examples.md

@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ backend:
   # default backend decides where new interfaces are created
   default: mikrotik
 
+  # A prefix for resolvconf. Usually it is "tun.". If you are using systemd, the prefix should be empty.
+  local_resolvconf_prefix: "tun."
+
   mikrotik:
     - id: mikrotik                   # unique id, not "local"
       display_name: RouterOS RB5009  # optional nice name

docs/documentation/configuration/overview.md

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ core:
   
 backend:
   default: local
+  local_resolvconf_prefix: tun.
 
 advanced:
   log_level: info
@@ -184,6 +185,11 @@ The current MikroTik backend is in **BETA** and may not support all features.
 - **Description:** The default backend to use for managing WireGuard interfaces. 
   Valid options are: `local`, or other backend id's configured in the `mikrotik` section.
 
+### `local_resolvconf_prefix`
+- **Default:** `tun.`
+- **Description:** Interface name prefix for WireGuard interfaces on the local system which is used to configure DNS servers with *resolvconf*. 
+  It depends on the *resolvconf* implementation you are using, most use a prefix of `tun.`, but some have an empty prefix (e.g., systemd).
+
 ### `ignored_local_interfaces`
 - **Default:** *(empty)*
 - **Description:** A list of interface names to exclude when enumerating local interfaces.

internal/adapters/wgcontroller/local.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 
 	probing "github.com/prometheus-community/pro-bing"
 	"github.com/vishvananda/netlink"
-	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ func NewLocalController(cfg *config.Config) (*LocalController, error) {
 		nl: nl,
 
 		shellCmd:              "bash",                            // we only support bash at the moment
-		resolvConfIfacePrefix: "tun.", // WireGuard interfaces have a tun. prefix in resolvconf
+		resolvConfIfacePrefix: cfg.Backend.LocalResolvconfPrefix, // WireGuard interfaces have a tun. prefix in resolvconf
 	}
 
 	return repo, nil
@@ -546,7 +545,11 @@ func (c LocalController) deletePeer(deviceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier, id doma
 
 // region wg-quick-related
 
-func (c LocalController) ExecuteInterfaceHook(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hookCmd string) error {
+func (c LocalController) ExecuteInterfaceHook(
+	_ context.Context,
+	id domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	hookCmd string,
+) error {
 	if hookCmd == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -560,7 +563,7 @@ func (c LocalController) ExecuteInterfaceHook(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hoo
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c LocalController) SetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error {
+func (c LocalController) SetDNS(_ context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error {
 	if dnsStr == "" && dnsSearchStr == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -589,7 +592,7 @@ func (c LocalController) SetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearch
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c LocalController) UnsetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error {
+func (c LocalController) UnsetDNS(_ context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, _, _ string) error {
 	dnsCommand := "resolvconf -d %resPref%i -f"
 
 	err := c.exec(dnsCommand, id)
@@ -611,7 +614,7 @@ func (c LocalController) exec(command string, interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdenti
 	if len(stdin) > 0 {
 		b := &bytes.Buffer{}
 		for _, ln := range stdin {
-			if _, err := fmt.Fprint(b, ln); err != nil {
+			if _, err := fmt.Fprint(b, ln+"\n"); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
@@ -619,6 +622,8 @@ func (c LocalController) exec(command string, interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdenti
 	}
 	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput() // execute and wait for output
 	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("failed to executed shell command",
+			"command", commandWithInterfaceName, "stdin", stdin, "output", string(out), "error", err)
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to exexute shell command %s: %w", commandWithInterfaceName, err)
 	}
 	slog.Debug("executed shell command",
@@ -631,205 +636,28 @@ func (c LocalController) exec(command string, interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdenti
 
 // region routing-related
 
-func (c LocalController) SyncRouteRules(_ context.Context, rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
+// SetRoutes sets the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
-	// update fwmark rules
+func (c LocalController) SetRoutes(
-	if err := c.setFwMarkRules(rules); err != nil {
+	ctx context.Context,
-		return err
+	interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
-	}
+	table int,
-
+	fwMark uint32,
-	// update main rule
+	cidrs []domain.Cidr,
-	if err := c.setMainRule(rules); err != nil {
+) error {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// cleanup old main rules
-	if err := c.cleanupMainRule(rules); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c LocalController) setFwMarkRules(rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
+// RemoveRoutes removes the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
-	for _, rule := range rules {
+func (c LocalController) RemoveRoutes(
-		existingRules, err := c.nl.RuleList(int(rule.IpFamily))
+	ctx context.Context,
-		if err != nil {
+	interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %s: %w", rule.IpFamily, err)
+	table int,
-		}
+	fwMark uint32,
-
+	oldCidrs []domain.Cidr,
-		ruleExists := false
+) error {
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if rule.FwMark == existingRule.Mark && rule.Table == existingRule.Table {
-				ruleExists = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ruleExists {
-			continue // rule already exists, no need to recreate it
-		}
-
-		// create a missing rule
-		if err := c.nl.RuleAdd(&netlink.Rule{
-			Family:            int(rule.IpFamily),
-			Table:             rule.Table,
-			Mark:              rule.FwMark,
-			Invert:            true,
-			SuppressIfgroup:   -1,
-			SuppressPrefixlen: -1,
-			Priority:          c.getRulePriority(existingRules),
-			Mask:              nil,
-			Goto:              -1,
-			Flow:              -1,
-		}); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to setup %s rule for fwmark %d and table %d: %w",
-				rule.IpFamily, rule.FwMark, rule.Table, err)
-		}
-	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c LocalController) getRulePriority(existingRules []netlink.Rule) int {
-	prio := 32700 // linux main rule has a priority of 32766
-	for {
-		isFresh := true
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if existingRule.Priority == prio {
-				isFresh = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if isFresh {
-			break
-		} else {
-			prio--
-		}
-	}
-	return prio
-}
-
-func (c LocalController) setMainRule(rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
-	var family domain.IpFamily
-	shouldHaveMainRule := false
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		family = rule.IpFamily
-		if rule.HasDefault == true {
-			shouldHaveMainRule = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if !shouldHaveMainRule {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	existingRules, err := c.nl.RuleList(int(family))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %s: %w", family, err)
-	}
-
-	ruleExists := false
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			ruleExists = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ruleExists {
-		return nil // rule already exists, skip re-creation
-	}
-
-	if err := c.nl.RuleAdd(&netlink.Rule{
-		Family:            int(family),
-		Table:             unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN,
-		SuppressIfgroup:   -1,
-		SuppressPrefixlen: 0,
-		Priority:          c.getMainRulePriority(existingRules),
-		Mark:              0,
-		Mask:              nil,
-		Goto:              -1,
-		Flow:              -1,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to setup rule for main table: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c LocalController) getMainRulePriority(existingRules []netlink.Rule) int {
-	priority := c.cfg.Advanced.RulePrioOffset
-	for {
-		isFresh := true
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if existingRule.Priority == priority {
-				isFresh = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if isFresh {
-			break
-		} else {
-			priority++
-		}
-	}
-	return priority
-}
-
-func (c LocalController) cleanupMainRule(rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
-	var family domain.IpFamily
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		family = rule.IpFamily
-		break
-	}
-
-	existingRules, err := c.nl.RuleList(int(family))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %s: %w", family, err)
-	}
-
-	shouldHaveMainRule := false
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if rule.HasDefault == true {
-			shouldHaveMainRule = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	mainRules := 0
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			mainRules++
-		}
-	}
-
-	removalCount := 0
-	if mainRules > 1 {
-		removalCount = mainRules - 1 // we only want one single rule
-	}
-	if !shouldHaveMainRule {
-		removalCount = mainRules
-	}
-
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			if removalCount > 0 {
-				existingRule.Family = int(family) // set family, somehow the RuleList method does not populate the family field
-				if err := c.nl.RuleDel(&existingRule); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete main rule: %w", err)
-				}
-				removalCount--
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c LocalController) DeleteRouteRules(_ context.Context, rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
-	// TODO implement me
-	panic("implement me")
-}
-
 // endregion routing-related
 
 // region statistics-related

internal/adapters/wgcontroller/mikrotik.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ type MikrotikController struct {
 	// Add mutexes to prevent race conditions
 	interfaceMutexes sync.Map   // map[domain.InterfaceIdentifier]*sync.Mutex
 	peerMutexes      sync.Map   // map[domain.PeerIdentifier]*sync.Mutex
+	coreMutex        sync.Mutex // for updating the core configuration such as routing table or DNS settings
 }
 
 func NewMikrotikController(coreCfg *config.Config, cfg *config.BackendMikrotik) (*MikrotikController, error) {
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ func NewMikrotikController(coreCfg *config.Config, cfg *config.BackendMikrotik)
 
 		interfaceMutexes: sync.Map{},
 		peerMutexes:      sync.Map{},
+		coreMutex:        sync.Mutex{},
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -763,33 +765,126 @@ func (c *MikrotikController) DeletePeer(
 
 // region wg-quick-related
 
-func (c *MikrotikController) ExecuteInterfaceHook(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hookCmd string) error {
+func (c *MikrotikController) ExecuteInterfaceHook(
+	_ context.Context,
+	_ domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	_ string,
+) error {
 	// TODO implement me
-	panic("implement me")
+	slog.Error("interface hooks are not yet supported for Mikrotik backends, please open an issue on GitHub")
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *MikrotikController) SetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error {
+func (c *MikrotikController) SetDNS(
-	// TODO implement me
+	ctx context.Context,
-	panic("implement me")
+	_ domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	dnsStr, _ string,
+) error {
+	// Lock the interface to prevent concurrent modifications
+	c.coreMutex.Lock()
+	defer c.coreMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// check if the server is already configured
+	wgReply := c.client.Get(ctx, "/ip/dns", &lowlevel.MikrotikRequestOptions{
+		PropList: []string{"servers"},
+	})
+	if wgReply.Status != lowlevel.MikrotikApiStatusOk {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to find WireGuard dns settings: %v", wgReply.Error)
+	}
+
+	var existingServers []string
+	existingServers = append(existingServers, strings.Split(wgReply.Data.GetString("servers"), ",")...)
+
+	newServers := strings.Split(dnsStr, ",")
+
+	mergedServers := slices.Clone(existingServers)
+	for _, s := range newServers {
+		if s == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !slices.Contains(mergedServers, s) {
+			mergedServers = append(mergedServers, s)
+		}
+	}
+	mergedServersStr := strings.Join(mergedServers, ",")
+
+	reply := c.client.ExecList(ctx, "/ip/dns/set", lowlevel.GenericJsonObject{
+		"servers": mergedServersStr,
+	})
+	if reply.Status != lowlevel.MikrotikApiStatusOk {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set DNS servers: %s: %v", mergedServersStr, reply.Error)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *MikrotikController) UnsetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error {
+func (c *MikrotikController) UnsetDNS(
-	// TODO implement me
+	ctx context.Context,
-	panic("implement me")
+	_ domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	dnsStr, _ string,
+) error {
+	// Lock the interface to prevent concurrent modifications
+	c.coreMutex.Lock()
+	defer c.coreMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// retrieve current DNS settings
+	wgReply := c.client.Get(ctx, "/ip/dns", &lowlevel.MikrotikRequestOptions{
+		PropList: []string{"servers"},
+	})
+	if wgReply.Status != lowlevel.MikrotikApiStatusOk {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to find WireGuard dns settings: %v", wgReply.Error)
+	}
+
+	var existingServers []string
+	existingServers = append(existingServers, strings.Split(wgReply.Data.GetString("servers"), ",")...)
+
+	oldServers := strings.Split(dnsStr, ",")
+
+	mergedServers := make([]string, 0, len(existingServers))
+	for _, s := range existingServers {
+		if s == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !slices.Contains(oldServers, s) {
+			mergedServers = append(mergedServers, s) // only keep the servers that are not in the old list
+		}
+	}
+	mergedServersStr := strings.Join(mergedServers, ",")
+
+	reply := c.client.ExecList(ctx, "/ip/dns/set", lowlevel.GenericJsonObject{
+		"servers": mergedServersStr,
+	})
+	if reply.Status != lowlevel.MikrotikApiStatusOk {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set DNS servers: %s: %v", mergedServersStr, reply.Error)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 // endregion wg-quick-related
 
 // region routing-related
 
-func (c *MikrotikController) SyncRouteRules(_ context.Context, rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
+// SetRoutes sets the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
-	// TODO implement me
+func (c *MikrotikController) SetRoutes(
-	panic("implement me")
+	ctx context.Context,
+	interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	table int,
+	fwMark uint32,
+	cidrs []domain.Cidr,
+) error {
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *MikrotikController) DeleteRouteRules(_ context.Context, rules []domain.RouteRule) error {
+// RemoveRoutes removes the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
-	// TODO implement me
+func (c *MikrotikController) RemoveRoutes(
-	panic("implement me")
+	ctx context.Context,
+	interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+	table int,
+	fwMark uint32,
+	oldCidrs []domain.Cidr,
+) error {
+	return nil
 }
 
 // endregion routing-related

internal/adapters/wgquick.go

@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-package adapters
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"log/slog"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal"
-	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/domain"
-)
-
-// WgQuickRepo implements higher level wg-quick like interactions like setting DNS, routing tables or interface hooks.
-type WgQuickRepo struct {
-	shellCmd              string
-	resolvConfIfacePrefix string
-}
-
-// NewWgQuickRepo creates a new WgQuickRepo instance.
-func NewWgQuickRepo() *WgQuickRepo {
-	return &WgQuickRepo{
-		shellCmd:              "bash",
-		resolvConfIfacePrefix: "tun.",
-	}
-}
-
-// ExecuteInterfaceHook executes the given hook command.
-// The hook command can contain the following placeholders:
-//
-//	%i: the interface identifier.
-func (r *WgQuickRepo) ExecuteInterfaceHook(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hookCmd string) error {
-	if hookCmd == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	slog.Debug("executing interface hook", "interface", id, "hook", hookCmd)
-	err := r.exec(hookCmd, id)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to exec hook: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// SetDNS sets the DNS settings for the given interface. It uses resolvconf to set the DNS settings.
-func (r *WgQuickRepo) SetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error {
-	if dnsStr == "" && dnsSearchStr == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	dnsServers := internal.SliceString(dnsStr)
-	dnsSearchDomains := internal.SliceString(dnsSearchStr)
-
-	dnsCommand := "resolvconf -a %resPref%i -m 0 -x"
-	dnsCommandInput := make([]string, 0, len(dnsServers)+len(dnsSearchDomains))
-
-	for _, dnsServer := range dnsServers {
-		dnsCommandInput = append(dnsCommandInput, fmt.Sprintf("nameserver %s", dnsServer))
-	}
-	for _, searchDomain := range dnsSearchDomains {
-		dnsCommandInput = append(dnsCommandInput, fmt.Sprintf("search %s", searchDomain))
-	}
-
-	err := r.exec(dnsCommand, id, dnsCommandInput...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(
-			"failed to set dns settings (is resolvconf available?, for systemd create this symlink: ln -s /usr/bin/resolvectl /usr/local/bin/resolvconf): %w",
-			err,
-		)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UnsetDNS unsets the DNS settings for the given interface. It uses resolvconf to unset the DNS settings.
-func (r *WgQuickRepo) UnsetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error {
-	dnsCommand := "resolvconf -d %resPref%i -f"
-
-	err := r.exec(dnsCommand, id)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to unset dns settings: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *WgQuickRepo) replaceCommandPlaceHolders(command string, interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier) string {
-	command = strings.ReplaceAll(command, "%resPref", r.resolvConfIfacePrefix)
-	return strings.ReplaceAll(command, "%i", string(interfaceId))
-}
-
-func (r *WgQuickRepo) exec(command string, interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier, stdin ...string) error {
-	commandWithInterfaceName := r.replaceCommandPlaceHolders(command, interfaceId)
-	cmd := exec.Command(r.shellCmd, "-ce", commandWithInterfaceName)
-	if len(stdin) > 0 {
-		b := &bytes.Buffer{}
-		for _, ln := range stdin {
-			if _, err := fmt.Fprint(b, ln); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-		cmd.Stdin = b
-	}
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput() // execute and wait for output
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to exexute shell command %s: %w", commandWithInterfaceName, err)
-	}
-	slog.Debug("executed shell command",
-		"command", commandWithInterfaceName,
-		"output", string(out))
-	return nil
-}

internal/app/route/routes.go

@@ -5,24 +5,21 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 
-	"github.com/vishvananda/netlink"
-	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
-	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl"
-	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
-
 	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/app"
 	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/config"
 	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/domain"
-	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/lowlevel"
 )
 
 // region dependencies
 
+type ControllerManager interface {
+	// GetController returns the controller for the given interface.
+	GetController(iface domain.Interface) domain.InterfaceController
+}
+
 type InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo interface {
-	// GetAllInterfaces returns all interfaces
+	// GetInterface returns the interface with the given identifier.
-	GetAllInterfaces(ctx context.Context) ([]domain.Interface, error)
+	GetInterface(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) (*domain.Interface, error)
-	// GetInterfacePeers returns all peers for a given interface
-	GetInterfacePeers(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) ([]domain.Peer, error)
 }
 
 type EventBus interface {
@@ -30,6 +27,25 @@ type EventBus interface {
 	Subscribe(topic string, fn interface{}) error
 }
 
+type RoutesController interface {
+	// SetRoutes sets the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
+	SetRoutes(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+		table int,
+		fwMark uint32,
+		cidrs []domain.Cidr,
+	) error
+	// RemoveRoutes removes the routes for the given interface. If no routes are provided, the function is a no-op.
+	RemoveRoutes(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		interfaceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
+		table int,
+		fwMark uint32,
+		oldCidrs []domain.Cidr,
+	) error
+}
+
 // endregion dependencies
 
 type routeRuleInfo struct {
@@ -46,27 +62,23 @@ type Manager struct {
 	cfg *config.Config
 
 	bus          EventBus
-	wg  lowlevel.WireGuardClient
-	nl  lowlevel.NetlinkClient
 	db           InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo
+	wgController ControllerManager
 }
 
 // NewRouteManager creates a new route manager instance.
-func NewRouteManager(cfg *config.Config, bus EventBus, db InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo) (*Manager, error) {
+func NewRouteManager(
-	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
+	cfg *config.Config,
-	if err != nil {
+	bus EventBus,
-		panic("failed to init wgctrl: " + err.Error())
+	db InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo,
-	}
+	wgController ControllerManager,
-
+) (*Manager, error) {
-	nl := &lowlevel.NetlinkManager{}
-
 	m := &Manager{
 		cfg: cfg,
 		bus: bus,
 
 		db:           db,
-		wg: wg,
+		wgController: wgController,
-		nl: nl,
 	}
 
 	m.connectToMessageBus()
@@ -85,17 +97,21 @@ func (m Manager) StartBackgroundJobs(_ context.Context) {
 	// this is a no-op for now
 }
 
-func (m Manager) handleRouteUpdateEvent(srcDescription string) {
+func (m Manager) handleRouteUpdateEvent(info domain.RoutingTableInfo) {
-	slog.Debug("handling route update event", "source", srcDescription)
+	slog.Debug("handling route update event", "info", info.String())
 
-	err := m.syncRoutes(context.Background())
+	if !info.ManagementEnabled() {
-	if err != nil {
+		return // route management disabled
-		slog.Error("failed to synchronize routes",
-			"source", srcDescription,
-			"error", err)
 	}
 
-	slog.Debug("routes synchronized", "source", srcDescription)
+	err := m.syncRoutes(context.Background(), info)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to synchronize routes",
+			"info", info.String(), "error", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("routes synchronized", "info", info.String())
 }
 
 func (m Manager) handleRouteRemoveEvent(info domain.RoutingTableInfo) {
@@ -105,399 +121,40 @@ func (m Manager) handleRouteRemoveEvent(info domain.RoutingTableInfo) {
 		return // route management disabled
 	}
 
-	if err := m.removeFwMarkRules(info.FwMark, info.GetRoutingTable(), netlink.FAMILY_V4); err != nil {
+	err := m.removeRoutes(context.Background(), info)
-		slog.Error("failed to remove v4 fwmark rules", "error", err)
-	}
-	if err := m.removeFwMarkRules(info.FwMark, info.GetRoutingTable(), netlink.FAMILY_V6); err != nil {
-		slog.Error("failed to remove v6 fwmark rules", "error", err)
-	}
-
-	slog.Debug("routes removed", "table", info.String())
-}
-
-func (m Manager) syncRoutes(ctx context.Context) error {
-	interfaces, err := m.db.GetAllInterfaces(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to find all interfaces: %w", err)
+		slog.Error("failed to synchronize routes",
-	}
+			"info", info.String(), "error", err)
-
-	rules := map[int][]routeRuleInfo{
-		netlink.FAMILY_V4: nil,
-		netlink.FAMILY_V6: nil,
-	}
-	for _, iface := range interfaces {
-		if iface.IsDisabled() {
-			continue // disabled interface does not need route entries
-		}
-		if !iface.ManageRoutingTable() {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		peers, err := m.db.GetInterfacePeers(ctx, iface.Identifier)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to find peers for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-		allowedIPs := iface.GetAllowedIPs(peers)
-		defRouteV4, defRouteV6 := m.containsDefaultRoute(allowedIPs)
-
-		link, err := m.nl.LinkByName(string(iface.Identifier))
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to find physical link for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-
-		table, fwmark, err := m.getRoutingTableAndFwMark(&iface, link)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get table and fwmark for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-
-		if err := m.setInterfaceRoutes(link, table, allowedIPs); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to set routes for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-
-		if err := m.removeDeprecatedRoutes(link, netlink.FAMILY_V4, allowedIPs); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove deprecated v4 routes for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-		if err := m.removeDeprecatedRoutes(link, netlink.FAMILY_V6, allowedIPs); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove deprecated v6 routes for %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
-		}
-
-		if table != 0 {
-			rules[netlink.FAMILY_V4] = append(rules[netlink.FAMILY_V4], routeRuleInfo{
-				ifaceId:    iface.Identifier,
-				fwMark:     fwmark,
-				table:      table,
-				family:     netlink.FAMILY_V4,
-				hasDefault: defRouteV4,
-			})
-		}
-		if table != 0 {
-			rules[netlink.FAMILY_V6] = append(rules[netlink.FAMILY_V6], routeRuleInfo{
-				ifaceId:    iface.Identifier,
-				fwMark:     fwmark,
-				table:      table,
-				family:     netlink.FAMILY_V6,
-				hasDefault: defRouteV6,
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return m.syncRouteRules(rules)
-}
-
-func (m Manager) syncRouteRules(allRules map[int][]routeRuleInfo) error {
-	for family, rules := range allRules {
-		// update fwmark rules
-		if err := m.setFwMarkRules(rules, family); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// update main rule
-		if err := m.setMainRule(rules, family); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// cleanup old main rules
-		if err := m.cleanupMainRule(rules, family); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) setFwMarkRules(rules []routeRuleInfo, family int) error {
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		existingRules, err := m.nl.RuleList(family)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %d: %w", family, err)
-		}
-
-		ruleExists := false
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if rule.fwMark == existingRule.Mark && rule.table == existingRule.Table {
-				ruleExists = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ruleExists {
-			continue // rule already exists, no need to recreate it
-		}
-
-		// create missing rule
-		if err := m.nl.RuleAdd(&netlink.Rule{
-			Family:            family,
-			Table:             rule.table,
-			Mark:              rule.fwMark,
-			Invert:            true,
-			SuppressIfgroup:   -1,
-			SuppressPrefixlen: -1,
-			Priority:          m.getRulePriority(existingRules),
-			Mask:              nil,
-			Goto:              -1,
-			Flow:              -1,
-		}); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to setup rule for fwmark %d and table %d: %w", rule.fwMark, rule.table, err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) removeFwMarkRules(fwmark uint32, table int, family int) error {
-	existingRules, err := m.nl.RuleList(family)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %d: %w", family, err)
-	}
-
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if fwmark == existingRule.Mark && table == existingRule.Table {
-			existingRule.Family = family // set family, somehow the RuleList method does not populate the family field
-			if err := m.nl.RuleDel(&existingRule); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete fwmark rule: %w", err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) setMainRule(rules []routeRuleInfo, family int) error {
-	shouldHaveMainRule := false
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if rule.hasDefault == true {
-			shouldHaveMainRule = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if !shouldHaveMainRule {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	existingRules, err := m.nl.RuleList(family)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %d: %w", family, err)
-	}
-
-	ruleExists := false
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			ruleExists = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ruleExists {
-		return nil // rule already exists, skip re-creation
-	}
-
-	if err := m.nl.RuleAdd(&netlink.Rule{
-		Family:            family,
-		Table:             unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN,
-		SuppressIfgroup:   -1,
-		SuppressPrefixlen: 0,
-		Priority:          m.getMainRulePriority(existingRules),
-		Mark:              0,
-		Mask:              nil,
-		Goto:              -1,
-		Flow:              -1,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to setup rule for main table: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) cleanupMainRule(rules []routeRuleInfo, family int) error {
-	existingRules, err := m.nl.RuleList(family)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get existing rules for family %d: %w", family, err)
-	}
-
-	shouldHaveMainRule := false
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if rule.hasDefault == true {
-			shouldHaveMainRule = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	mainRules := 0
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			mainRules++
-		}
-	}
-
-	removalCount := 0
-	if mainRules > 1 {
-		removalCount = mainRules - 1 // we only want one single rule
-	}
-	if !shouldHaveMainRule {
-		removalCount = mainRules
-	}
-
-	for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-		if existingRule.Table == unix.RT_TABLE_MAIN && existingRule.SuppressPrefixlen == 0 {
-			if removalCount > 0 {
-				existingRule.Family = family // set family, somehow the RuleList method does not populate the family field
-				if err := m.nl.RuleDel(&existingRule); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete main rule: %w", err)
-				}
-				removalCount--
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) getMainRulePriority(existingRules []netlink.Rule) int {
-	prio := m.cfg.Advanced.RulePrioOffset
-	for {
-		isFresh := true
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if existingRule.Priority == prio {
-				isFresh = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if isFresh {
-			break
-		} else {
-			prio++
-		}
-	}
-	return prio
-}
-
-func (m Manager) getRulePriority(existingRules []netlink.Rule) int {
-	prio := 32700 // linux main rule has a prio of 32766
-	for {
-		isFresh := true
-		for _, existingRule := range existingRules {
-			if existingRule.Priority == prio {
-				isFresh = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if isFresh {
-			break
-		} else {
-			prio--
-		}
-	}
-	return prio
-}
-
-func (m Manager) setInterfaceRoutes(link netlink.Link, table int, allowedIPs []domain.Cidr) error {
-	for _, allowedIP := range allowedIPs {
-		err := m.nl.RouteReplace(&netlink.Route{
-			LinkIndex: link.Attrs().Index,
-			Dst:       allowedIP.IpNet(),
-			Table:     table,
-			Scope:     unix.RT_SCOPE_LINK,
-			Type:      unix.RTN_UNICAST,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to add/update route %s: %w", allowedIP.String(), err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) removeDeprecatedRoutes(link netlink.Link, family int, allowedIPs []domain.Cidr) error {
-	rawRoutes, err := m.nl.RouteListFiltered(family, &netlink.Route{
-		LinkIndex: link.Attrs().Index,
-		Table:     unix.RT_TABLE_UNSPEC, // all tables
-		Scope:     unix.RT_SCOPE_LINK,
-		Type:      unix.RTN_UNICAST,
-	}, netlink.RT_FILTER_TABLE|netlink.RT_FILTER_TYPE|netlink.RT_FILTER_OIF)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch raw routes: %w", err)
-	}
-	for _, rawRoute := range rawRoutes {
-		if rawRoute.Dst == nil { // handle default route
-			var netlinkAddr domain.Cidr
-			if family == netlink.FAMILY_V4 {
-				netlinkAddr, _ = domain.CidrFromString("0.0.0.0/0")
-			} else {
-				netlinkAddr, _ = domain.CidrFromString("::/0")
-			}
-			rawRoute.Dst = netlinkAddr.IpNet()
-		}
-
-		netlinkAddr := domain.CidrFromIpNet(*rawRoute.Dst)
-		remove := true
-		for _, allowedIP := range allowedIPs {
-			if netlinkAddr == allowedIP {
-				remove = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-
-		if !remove {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		err := m.nl.RouteDel(&rawRoute)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove deprecated route %s: %w", netlinkAddr.String(), err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m Manager) getRoutingTableAndFwMark(iface *domain.Interface, link netlink.Link) (
-	table int,
-	fwmark uint32,
-	err error,
-) {
-	table = iface.GetRoutingTable()
-	fwmark = iface.FirewallMark
-
-	if fwmark == 0 {
-		// generate a new (temporary) firewall mark based on the interface index
-		fwmark = uint32(m.cfg.Advanced.RouteTableOffset + link.Attrs().Index)
-		slog.Debug("using fwmark to handle routes",
-			"interface", iface.Identifier,
-			"fwmark", fwmark)
-
-		// apply the temporary fwmark to the wireguard interface
-		err = m.setFwMark(iface.Identifier, int(fwmark))
-	}
-	if table == 0 {
-		table = int(fwmark) // generate a new routing table base on interface index
-		slog.Debug("using routing table to handle default routes",
-			"interface", iface.Identifier,
-			"table", table)
-	}
 		return
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("routes removed", "info", info.String())
 }
 
-func (m Manager) setFwMark(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, fwmark int) error {
+func (m Manager) syncRoutes(ctx context.Context, info domain.RoutingTableInfo) error {
-	err := m.wg.ConfigureDevice(string(id), wgtypes.Config{
+	rc, ok := m.wgController.GetController(info.Interface).(RoutesController)
-		FirewallMark: &fwmark,
+	if !ok {
-	})
+		slog.Warn("no capable routes-controller found for interface", "interface", info.Interface.Identifier)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := rc.SetRoutes(ctx, info.Interface.Identifier, info.Table, info.FwMark, info.AllowedIps)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update fwmark to: %d: %w", fwmark, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set routes for interface %s: %w", info.Interface.Identifier, err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m Manager) containsDefaultRoute(allowedIPs []domain.Cidr) (ipV4, ipV6 bool) {
+func (m Manager) removeRoutes(ctx context.Context, info domain.RoutingTableInfo) error {
-	for _, allowedIP := range allowedIPs {
+	rc, ok := m.wgController.GetController(info.Interface).(RoutesController)
-		if ipV4 && ipV6 {
+	if !ok {
-			break // speed up
+		slog.Warn("no capable routes-controller found for interface", "interface", info.Interface.Identifier)
+		return nil
 	}
 
-		if allowedIP.Prefix().Bits() == 0 {
+	err := rc.RemoveRoutes(ctx, info.Interface.Identifier, info.Table, info.FwMark, info.AllowedIps)
-			if allowedIP.IsV4() {
+	if err != nil {
-				ipV4 = true
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove routes for interface %s: %w", info.Interface.Identifier, err)
-			} else {
-				ipV6 = true
 	}
-		}
+	return nil
-	}
-
-	return
 }

internal/app/wireguard/controller_manager.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package wireguard
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"maps"
@@ -12,33 +11,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/h44z/wg-portal/internal/domain"
 )
 
-type InterfaceController interface {
-	GetId() domain.InterfaceBackend
-	GetInterfaces(_ context.Context) ([]domain.PhysicalInterface, error)
-	GetInterface(_ context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) (*domain.PhysicalInterface, error)
-	GetPeers(_ context.Context, deviceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier) ([]domain.PhysicalPeer, error)
-	SaveInterface(
-		_ context.Context,
-		id domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
-		updateFunc func(pi *domain.PhysicalInterface) (*domain.PhysicalInterface, error),
-	) error
-	DeleteInterface(_ context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error
-	SavePeer(
-		_ context.Context,
-		deviceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier,
-		id domain.PeerIdentifier,
-		updateFunc func(pp *domain.PhysicalPeer) (*domain.PhysicalPeer, error),
-	) error
-	DeletePeer(_ context.Context, deviceId domain.InterfaceIdentifier, id domain.PeerIdentifier) error
-	PingAddresses(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		addr string,
-	) (*domain.PingerResult, error)
-}
-
 type backendInstance struct {
 	Config         config.BackendBase // Config is the configuration for the backend instance.
-	Implementation InterfaceController
+	Implementation domain.InterfaceController
 }
 
 type ControllerManager struct {
@@ -118,11 +93,11 @@ func (c *ControllerManager) logRegisteredControllers() {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *ControllerManager) GetControllerByName(backend domain.InterfaceBackend) InterfaceController {
+func (c *ControllerManager) GetControllerByName(backend domain.InterfaceBackend) domain.InterfaceController {
 	return c.getController(backend, "").Implementation
 }
 
-func (c *ControllerManager) GetController(iface domain.Interface) InterfaceController {
+func (c *ControllerManager) GetController(iface domain.Interface) domain.InterfaceController {
 	return c.getController(iface.Backend, iface.Identifier).Implementation
 }
 

internal/app/wireguard/wireguard.go

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ type InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo interface {
 }
 
 type WgQuickController interface {
-	ExecuteInterfaceHook(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hookCmd string) error
+	ExecuteInterfaceHook(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, hookCmd string) error
-	SetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error
+	SetDNS(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error
-	UnsetDNS(id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error
+	UnsetDNS(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier, dnsStr, dnsSearchStr string) error
 }
 
 type EventBus interface {
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ type Manager struct {
 	bus EventBus
 	db  InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo
 	wg  *ControllerManager
-	quick WgQuickController
 
 	userLockMap *sync.Map
 }
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@ func NewWireGuardManager(
 	cfg *config.Config,
 	bus EventBus,
 	wg *ControllerManager,
-	quick WgQuickController,
 	db InterfaceAndPeerDatabaseRepo,
 ) (*Manager, error) {
 	m := &Manager{
@@ -74,7 +72,6 @@ func NewWireGuardManager(
 		bus:         bus,
 		wg:          wg,
 		db:          db,
-		quick:       quick,
 		userLockMap: &sync.Map{},
 	}
 

internal/app/wireguard/wireguard_interfaces.go

@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ func (m Manager) DeleteInterface(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentif
 		return err
 	}
 
-	existingInterface, err := m.db.GetInterface(ctx, id)
+	existingInterface, existingPeers, err := m.db.GetInterfaceAndPeers(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unable to find interface %s: %w", id, err)
 	}
@@ -468,15 +468,16 @@ func (m Manager) DeleteInterface(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentif
 
 	physicalInterface, _ := m.wg.GetController(*existingInterface).GetInterface(ctx, id)
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(existingInterface, !existingInterface.IsDisabled(), false); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(ctx, existingInterface, !existingInterface.IsDisabled(),
+		false); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("pre-delete hooks failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveActions(existingInterface); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveActions(ctx, existingInterface); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("pre-delete actions failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.deleteInterfacePeers(ctx, id); err != nil {
+	if err := m.deleteInterfacePeers(ctx, existingInterface, existingPeers); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("peer deletion failure: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -493,11 +494,18 @@ func (m Manager) DeleteInterface(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentif
 		fwMark = physicalInterface.FirewallMark
 	}
 	m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteRemove, domain.RoutingTableInfo{
+		Interface:  *existingInterface,
+		AllowedIps: existingInterface.GetAllowedIPs(existingPeers),
 		FwMark:     fwMark,
 		Table:      existingInterface.GetRoutingTable(),
 	})
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(existingInterface, !existingInterface.IsDisabled(), false); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(
+		ctx,
+		existingInterface,
+		!existingInterface.IsDisabled(),
+		false,
+	); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("post-delete hooks failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -518,11 +526,11 @@ func (m Manager) saveInterface(ctx context.Context, iface *domain.Interface) (
 
 	oldEnabled, newEnabled := m.getInterfaceStateHistory(ctx, iface)
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(iface, oldEnabled, newEnabled); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(ctx, iface, oldEnabled, newEnabled); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pre-save hooks failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveActions(iface); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePreSaveActions(ctx, iface); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pre-save actions failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -575,14 +583,21 @@ func (m Manager) saveInterface(ctx context.Context, iface *domain.Interface) (
 			fwMark = physicalInterface.FirewallMark
 		}
 		m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteRemove, domain.RoutingTableInfo{
+			Interface:  *iface,
+			AllowedIps: iface.GetAllowedIPs(peers),
 			FwMark:     fwMark,
 			Table:      iface.GetRoutingTable(),
 		})
 	} else {
-		m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, "interface updated: "+string(iface.Identifier))
+		m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, domain.RoutingTableInfo{
+			Interface:  *iface,
+			AllowedIps: iface.GetAllowedIPs(peers),
+			FwMark:     iface.FirewallMark,
+			Table:      iface.GetRoutingTable(),
+		})
 	}
 
-	if err := m.handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(iface, oldEnabled, newEnabled); err != nil {
+	if err := m.handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(ctx, iface, oldEnabled, newEnabled); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("post-save hooks failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -627,51 +642,83 @@ func (m Manager) getInterfaceStateHistory(ctx context.Context, iface *domain.Int
 	return !oldInterface.IsDisabled(), !iface.IsDisabled()
 }
 
-func (m Manager) handleInterfacePreSaveActions(iface *domain.Interface) error {
+func (m Manager) handleInterfacePreSaveActions(ctx context.Context, iface *domain.Interface) error {
+	wgQuickController, ok := m.wg.GetController(*iface).(WgQuickController)
+	if !ok {
+		slog.Warn("failed to perform pre-save actions", "interface", iface.Identifier,
+			"error", "no capable controller found")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// update DNS settings only for client interfaces
+	if iface.Type == domain.InterfaceTypeClient || iface.Type == domain.InterfaceTypeAny {
 		if !iface.IsDisabled() {
-		if err := m.quick.SetDNS(iface.Identifier, iface.DnsStr, iface.DnsSearchStr); err != nil {
+			if err := wgQuickController.SetDNS(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.DnsStr, iface.DnsSearchStr); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to update dns settings: %w", err)
 			}
 		} else {
-		if err := m.quick.UnsetDNS(iface.Identifier); err != nil {
+			if err := wgQuickController.UnsetDNS(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.DnsStr, iface.DnsSearchStr); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to clear dns settings: %w", err)
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m Manager) handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(iface *domain.Interface, oldEnabled, newEnabled bool) error {
+func (m Manager) handleInterfacePreSaveHooks(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	iface *domain.Interface,
+	oldEnabled, newEnabled bool,
+) error {
 	if oldEnabled == newEnabled {
 		return nil // do nothing if state did not change
 	}
 
 	slog.Debug("executing pre-save hooks", "interface", iface.Identifier, "up", newEnabled)
 
+	wgQuickController, ok := m.wg.GetController(*iface).(WgQuickController)
+	if !ok {
+		slog.Warn("failed to execute pre-save hooks", "interface", iface.Identifier, "up", newEnabled,
+			"error", "no capable controller found")
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if newEnabled {
-		if err := m.quick.ExecuteInterfaceHook(iface.Identifier, iface.PreUp); err != nil {
+		if err := wgQuickController.ExecuteInterfaceHook(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.PreUp); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute pre-up hook: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
-		if err := m.quick.ExecuteInterfaceHook(iface.Identifier, iface.PreDown); err != nil {
+		if err := wgQuickController.ExecuteInterfaceHook(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.PreDown); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute pre-down hook: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m Manager) handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(iface *domain.Interface, oldEnabled, newEnabled bool) error {
+func (m Manager) handleInterfacePostSaveHooks(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	iface *domain.Interface,
+	oldEnabled, newEnabled bool,
+) error {
 	if oldEnabled == newEnabled {
 		return nil // do nothing if state did not change
 	}
 
 	slog.Debug("executing post-save hooks", "interface", iface.Identifier, "up", newEnabled)
 
+	wgQuickController, ok := m.wg.GetController(*iface).(WgQuickController)
+	if !ok {
+		slog.Warn("failed to execute post-save hooks", "interface", iface.Identifier, "up", newEnabled,
+			"error", "no capable controller found")
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if newEnabled {
-		if err := m.quick.ExecuteInterfaceHook(iface.Identifier, iface.PostUp); err != nil {
+		if err := wgQuickController.ExecuteInterfaceHook(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.PostUp); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute post-up hook: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
-		if err := m.quick.ExecuteInterfaceHook(iface.Identifier, iface.PostDown); err != nil {
+		if err := wgQuickController.ExecuteInterfaceHook(ctx, iface.Identifier, iface.PostDown); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute post-down hook: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -799,7 +846,7 @@ func (m Manager) getFreshListenPort(ctx context.Context) (port int, err error) {
 
 func (m Manager) importInterface(
 	ctx context.Context,
-	backend InterfaceController,
+	backend domain.InterfaceController,
 	in *domain.PhysicalInterface,
 	peers []domain.PhysicalPeer,
 ) error {
@@ -901,13 +948,9 @@ func (m Manager) importPeer(ctx context.Context, in *domain.Interface, p *domain
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m Manager) deleteInterfacePeers(ctx context.Context, id domain.InterfaceIdentifier) error {
+func (m Manager) deleteInterfacePeers(ctx context.Context, iface *domain.Interface, allPeers []domain.Peer) error {
-	iface, allPeers, err := m.db.GetInterfaceAndPeers(ctx, id)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
 	for _, peer := range allPeers {
-		err = m.wg.GetController(*iface).DeletePeer(ctx, id, peer.Identifier)
+		err := m.wg.GetController(*iface).DeletePeer(ctx, iface.Identifier, peer.Identifier)
 		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("wireguard peer deletion failure for %s: %w", peer.Identifier, err)
 		}

internal/app/wireguard/wireguard_peers.go

@@ -388,9 +388,19 @@ func (m Manager) DeletePeer(ctx context.Context, id domain.PeerIdentifier) error
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete peer %s: %w", id, err)
 	}
 
+	peers, err := m.db.GetInterfacePeers(ctx, iface.Identifier)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load peers for interface %s: %w", iface.Identifier, err)
+	}
+
 	m.bus.Publish(app.TopicPeerDeleted, *peer)
 	// Update routes after peers have changed
-	m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, "peers updated")
+	m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, domain.RoutingTableInfo{
+		Interface:  *iface,
+		AllowedIps: iface.GetAllowedIPs(peers),
+		FwMark:     iface.FirewallMark,
+		Table:      iface.GetRoutingTable(),
+	})
 	// Update interface after peers have changed
 	m.bus.Publish(app.TopicPeerInterfaceUpdated, peer.InterfaceIdentifier)
 
@@ -438,20 +448,28 @@ func (m Manager) GetUserPeerStats(ctx context.Context, id domain.UserIdentifier)
 // region helper-functions
 
 func (m Manager) savePeers(ctx context.Context, peers ...*domain.Peer) error {
-	interfaces := make(map[domain.InterfaceIdentifier]struct{})
+	interfaces := make(map[domain.InterfaceIdentifier]domain.Interface)
+	interfacePeers := make(map[domain.InterfaceIdentifier][]domain.Peer)
 
 	for _, peer := range peers {
+		// get interface from db if it is not yet in the map
+		if _, ok := interfaces[peer.InterfaceIdentifier]; !ok {
 			iface, err := m.db.GetInterface(ctx, peer.InterfaceIdentifier)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("unable to find interface %s: %w", peer.InterfaceIdentifier, err)
 			}
+			interfaces[peer.InterfaceIdentifier] = *iface
+		}
+
+		iface := interfaces[peer.InterfaceIdentifier]
+		interfacePeers[iface.Identifier] = append(interfacePeers[iface.Identifier], *peer)
 
 		// Always save the peer to the backend, regardless of disabled/expired state
 		// The backend will handle the disabled state appropriately
-		err = m.db.SavePeer(ctx, peer.Identifier, func(p *domain.Peer) (*domain.Peer, error) {
+		err := m.db.SavePeer(ctx, peer.Identifier, func(p *domain.Peer) (*domain.Peer, error) {
 			peer.CopyCalculatedAttributes(p)
 
-			err := m.wg.GetController(*iface).SavePeer(ctx, peer.InterfaceIdentifier, peer.Identifier,
+			err := m.wg.GetController(iface).SavePeer(ctx, peer.InterfaceIdentifier, peer.Identifier,
 				func(pp *domain.PhysicalPeer) (*domain.PhysicalPeer, error) {
 					domain.MergeToPhysicalPeer(pp, peer)
 					return pp, nil
@@ -475,13 +493,16 @@ func (m Manager) savePeers(ctx context.Context, peers ...*domain.Peer) error {
 				Peer:   *peer,
 			},
 		})
-
-		interfaces[peer.InterfaceIdentifier] = struct{}{}
 	}
 
 	// Update routes after peers have changed
-	if len(interfaces) != 0 {
+	for id, iface := range interfaces {
-		m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, "peers updated")
+		m.bus.Publish(app.TopicRouteUpdate, domain.RoutingTableInfo{
+			Interface:  iface,
+			AllowedIps: iface.GetAllowedIPs(interfacePeers[id]),
+			FwMark:     iface.FirewallMark,
+			Table:      iface.GetRoutingTable(),
+		})
 	}
 
 	for iface := range interfaces {

internal/config/backend.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ type Backend struct {
 	// Local Backend-specific configuration
 
 	IgnoredLocalInterfaces []string `yaml:"ignored_local_interfaces"` // A list of interface names that should be ignored by this backend (e.g., "wg0")
+	LocalResolvconfPrefix  string   `yaml:"local_resolvconf_prefix"`  // The prefix to use for interface names when passing them to resolvconf.
 
 	// External Backend-specific configuration
 

internal/config/config.go

@@ -134,6 +134,9 @@ func defaultConfig() *Config {
 
 	cfg.Backend = Backend{
 		Default: LocalBackendName, // local backend is the default (using wgcrtl)
+		// Most resolconf implementations use "tun." as a prefix for interface names.
+		// But systemd's implementation uses no prefix, for example.
+		LocalResolvconfPrefix: "tun.",
 	}
 
 	cfg.Web = WebConfig{

internal/domain/interface.go

@@ -308,12 +308,14 @@ func MergeToPhysicalInterface(pi *PhysicalInterface, i *Interface) {
 }
 
 type RoutingTableInfo struct {
+	Interface  Interface
+	AllowedIps []Cidr
 	FwMark     uint32
 	Table      int
 }
 
 func (r RoutingTableInfo) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%d -> %d", r.FwMark, r.Table)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %d -> %d", r.Interface.Identifier, r.FwMark, r.Table)
 }
 
 func (r RoutingTableInfo) ManagementEnabled() bool {

internal/domain/interface_controller.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package domain
+
+import "context"
+
+type InterfaceController interface {
+	GetId() InterfaceBackend
+	GetInterfaces(_ context.Context) ([]PhysicalInterface, error)
+	GetInterface(_ context.Context, id InterfaceIdentifier) (*PhysicalInterface, error)
+	GetPeers(_ context.Context, deviceId InterfaceIdentifier) ([]PhysicalPeer, error)
+	SaveInterface(
+		_ context.Context,
+		id InterfaceIdentifier,
+		updateFunc func(pi *PhysicalInterface) (*PhysicalInterface, error),
+	) error
+	DeleteInterface(_ context.Context, id InterfaceIdentifier) error
+	SavePeer(
+		_ context.Context,
+		deviceId InterfaceIdentifier,
+		id PeerIdentifier,
+		updateFunc func(pp *PhysicalPeer) (*PhysicalPeer, error),
+	) error
+	DeletePeer(_ context.Context, deviceId InterfaceIdentifier, id PeerIdentifier) error
+	PingAddresses(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		addr string,
+	) (*PingerResult, error)
+}

internal/domain/ip.go

@@ -199,3 +199,22 @@ func (c Cidr) Contains(other Cidr) bool {
 
 	return subnet.Contains(otherIP)
 }
+
+// ContainsDefaultRoute returns true if the given CIDRs contain a default route.
+func ContainsDefaultRoute(cidrs []Cidr) (ipV4, ipV6 bool) {
+	for _, allowedIP := range cidrs {
+		if ipV4 && ipV6 {
+			break // speed up
+		}
+
+		if allowedIP.Prefix().Bits() == 0 {
+			if allowedIP.IsV4() {
+				ipV4 = true
+			} else {
+				ipV6 = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}

internal/lowlevel/mikrotik.go

@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ func parseHttpResponse[T any](resp *http.Response, err error) MikrotikApiRespons
 	}
 
 	defer func(Body io.ReadCloser) {
+		_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, Body) // ensure to empty the body
 		err := Body.Close()
 		if err != nil {
 			slog.Error("failed to close response body", "error", err)