fix: separate LXC package checks from installation

.github/scripts/tests/test_command_descriptions.py

@@ -213,9 +213,16 @@ class CommandDescriptionsTests(unittest.TestCase):
                     # Model the bot's future output in temporary catalogs, just
                     # like the other pending keys above; never rewrite locales.
                     for key in ("checkNow", "checkReadOnlyHelp", "checkCooldown",
-                                "checkStale", "checkStaleHelp"):
+                                "checkStale", "checkStaleHelp", "checkBeforeUpdate",
+                                "startBeforeCheck", "notCheckedYet",
+                                "checkStillRunning", "refreshCheckHelp",
+                                "checkInProgress", "checkSystemPackages", "runCustomCommand",
+                                "installedVersionUnverified", "versionStatusUnknown"):
                         messages["vmLxc"]["updates"].setdefault(
                             key, english["vmLxc"]["updates"][key])
+                    for key in ("osDockerScope", "dockerImageMethod", "unverifiedTargetsHelp"):
+                        messages["vmLxc"]["bulkUpdate"].setdefault(
+                            key, english["vmLxc"]["bulkUpdate"][key])
                     path.write_text(json.dumps(messages, ensure_ascii=False))
             before = {p: p.read_bytes() for p in root.glob("*/common.json")}
             argv = [str(SCRIPT), "--source", str(root / "en/common.json"),

AppImage/components/virtual-machines.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type React from "react"
 
 import { useState, useMemo, useEffect, useRef } from "react"
 import { fetchLxcApps, getLxcAppsCached, invalidateLxcApps, seedLxcAppsCache, setLxcAppsCached, syncLxcAppsState } from "../lib/lxc-apps-cache"
+import { getUpdateActionButtonClass } from "../lib/update-action-style"
 import { parseTags, stringifyTags, tagToColor } from "../lib/pve-tag-color"
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "./ui/card"
 import { Badge } from "./ui/badge"
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ import { formatStorage } from "../lib/utils"
 import { formatNetworkTraffic, getNetworkUnit } from "../lib/format-network"
 import { fetchApi } from "../lib/api-config"
 import { matchesVmSearch, normalizeVmSearchValue } from "../lib/vm-search"
-import { checkLxcUpdates, isLxcUpdateStale } from "../lib/lxc-update-observation"
+import { refreshCheckLxcUpdates, getLxcOsUpdateState, isLxcUpdateStale } from "../lib/lxc-update-observation"
 import DOMPurify from "dompurify"
 import { marked } from "marked"
 import { getCountFormKey, useI18n, useT } from "@/lib/i18n/provider"
@@ -917,6 +918,7 @@ export function VirtualMachines() {
   //     (or after a 15 s safety timeout).
   const [updatesRefreshing, setUpdatesRefreshing] = useState(false)
   const [osCheckingVmid, setOsCheckingVmid] = useState<number | null>(null)
+  const osCheckRequestRef = useRef<number | null>(null)
   const [osCheckError, setOsCheckError] = useState<string | null>(null)
   const [updatesResult, setUpdatesResult] = useState<{ pendingAfter: number; appliedCount: number } | null>(null)
   const [updatesBaselineCount, setUpdatesBaselineCount] = useState<number | null>(null)
@@ -1231,6 +1233,12 @@ export function VirtualMachines() {
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!updatesRefreshing) return
     if (!selectedVM) return
+    if (!selectedVM.update_check || selectedVM.update_check.error) {
+      setUpdatesResult(null)
+      setUpdatesRefreshing(false)
+      setUpdatesBaselineCount(null)
+      return
+    }
     const currentCount = selectedVM.update_check?.count ?? 0
     if (updatesBaselineCount !== null && currentCount !== updatesBaselineCount) {
       const applied = Math.max(0, updatesBaselineCount - currentCount)
@@ -1250,7 +1258,8 @@ export function VirtualMachines() {
     const safety = setTimeout(() => {
       const currentCount = selectedVMRef.current?.update_check?.count ?? 0
       const baseline = updatesBaselineCountRef.current
-      setUpdatesResult({
+      const observation = selectedVMRef.current?.update_check
+      setUpdatesResult(!observation || observation.error ? null : {
         pendingAfter: currentCount,
         appliedCount: Math.max(0, (baseline ?? 0) - currentCount),
       })
@@ -1983,6 +1992,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   const [applyRestart, setApplyRestart] = useState(false)
   const [applyStartedAt, setApplyStartedAt] = useState<number>(0)
   const [applyRunId, setApplyRunId] = useState<string>("")
+  const [applyCheckedOs, setApplyCheckedOs] = useState(false)
   const [applyTargetIds, setApplyTargetIds] = useState<string[]>([])
   const [applyTargetLabels, setApplyTargetLabels] = useState<string[]>([])
   // Extra state carried alongside applyTarget when the App branch is
@@ -2029,6 +2039,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   // detected via the community-scripts pattern. All loaded once when
   // the user opens the Updates tab of a specific LXC.
   const [scheduleLoaded, setScheduleLoaded] = useState<number | null>(null)
+  const scheduleLoadRequestRef = useRef(0)
   const [scheduleEnabled, setScheduleEnabled] = useState(false)
   const [scheduleCron, setScheduleCron] = useState("0 3 * * *")
   const [schedulePreset, setSchedulePreset] = useState<string>("daily-3am")
@@ -2073,6 +2084,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   // with scheduled updates: changing a one-click manual selection must never
   // rewrite the cron automation configured in Options.
   const [bulkLoaded, setBulkLoaded] = useState<number | null>(null)
+  const bulkLoadRequestRef = useRef(0)
   const [bulkConfigured, setBulkConfigured] = useState(false)
   const [bulkTargets, setBulkTargets] = useState<string[]>(["os"])
   const [bulkPersistedTargets, setBulkPersistedTargets] = useState<string[]>(["os"])
@@ -2107,9 +2119,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
       ? s.targets.map((value: any) => String(value))
       : ([...(legacyTarget !== "app" ? ["os"] : []), ...(legacyTarget !== "os" ? ["apps"] : [])]))
     setScheduleReleaseDelayDays(Number.isInteger(Number(s.release_delay_days)) ? Number(s.release_delay_days) : 0)
-    if (s.backup !== undefined) setApplyBackup(!!s.backup)
-    if (s.backup_storage) setApplyBackupStorage(s.backup_storage)
-    if (s.restart !== undefined) setApplyRestart(!!s.restart)
+    setApplyBackup(!!s.backup)
+    setApplyBackupStorage(typeof s.backup_storage === "string" ? s.backup_storage : "")
+    setApplyRestart(!!s.restart)
     setScheduleLastRunAt(s.last_run_at || null)
     setScheduleLastRunStatus(s.last_run_status || null)
     setScheduleLastRunReason(s.last_run_reason || null)
@@ -2122,30 +2134,46 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   }
 
   const loadSchedule = async (vmid: number) => {
+    if (selectedVMRef.current?.vmid !== vmid) return
+    const requestId = ++scheduleLoadRequestRef.current
+    const isCurrent = () => selectedVMRef.current?.vmid === vmid
+      && scheduleLoadRequestRef.current === requestId
     setScheduleError(null)
     // Seed from ref cache so tab-switching to Updates isn't a "Loading…"
     // moment when the payload was already fetched this session.
     const cachedSched = vmModalCacheRef.current.schedule.get(vmid)
-    if (cachedSched) applySchedulePayload(cachedSched)
+    // Missing options are this guest's defaults, never the previous guest's.
+    applySchedulePayload(cachedSched || {})
     try {
       const s: any = await fetchApi(`/api/vms/${vmid}/schedule`)
-      if (s && typeof s === "object") {
-        vmModalCacheRef.current.schedule.set(vmid, s)
-        applySchedulePayload(s)
-      }
+      if (!isCurrent()) return
+      if (!s || typeof s !== "object" || Array.isArray(s))
+        throw new Error(t("vmLxc.scheduled.loadFailed"))
+      vmModalCacheRef.current.schedule.set(vmid, s)
+      applySchedulePayload(s)
     } catch (e: any) {
-      setScheduleError(e?.message || t("vmLxc.scheduled.loadFailed"))
+      if (isCurrent()) setScheduleError(e?.message || t("vmLxc.scheduled.loadFailed"))
     } finally {
-      setScheduleLoaded(vmid)
+      if (isCurrent()) setScheduleLoaded(vmid)
     }
   }
 
   const loadBulkUpdate = async (vmid: number) => {
+    if (selectedVMRef.current?.vmid !== vmid) return
+    const requestId = ++bulkLoadRequestRef.current
+    const isCurrent = () => selectedVMRef.current?.vmid === vmid
+      && bulkLoadRequestRef.current === requestId
     setBulkError(null)
     setBulkLoaded(null)
     setBulkEditMode(false)
+    setBulkConfigured(false)
+    setBulkTargets(["os"])
+    setBulkPersistedTargets(["os"])
     try {
       const config: any = await fetchApi(`/api/vms/${vmid}/bulk-update`)
+      if (!isCurrent()) return
+      if (!config || typeof config !== "object" || Array.isArray(config))
+        throw new Error(t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.loadFailed"))
       const targets = Array.isArray(config?.targets)
         ? Array.from(new Set(config.targets.map((value: any) => String(value)))) as string[]
         : []
@@ -2155,12 +2183,13 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
       setBulkTargets(next)
       setBulkPersistedTargets(next)
     } catch (e: any) {
+      if (!isCurrent()) return
       setBulkConfigured(false)
       setBulkTargets(["os"])
       setBulkPersistedTargets(["os"])
       setBulkError(e?.message || t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.loadFailed"))
     } finally {
-      setBulkLoaded(vmid)
+      if (isCurrent()) setBulkLoaded(vmid)
     }
   }
 
@@ -2560,8 +2589,21 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   const openApplyTerminal = (
     vmid: number,
     target: "os" | "app" | "both",
-    opts?: { updateCommand?: string; appName?: string; runHelper?: boolean; allowHelperWithCustom?: boolean; dockerStandaloneTargets?: string[]; dockerEngine?: boolean; dockerRefresh?: boolean; targetIds?: string[]; targetLabels?: string[] },
+    opts?: { checkedOs?: boolean; updateCommand?: string; appName?: string; runHelper?: boolean; allowHelperWithCustom?: boolean; dockerStandaloneTargets?: string[]; dockerEngine?: boolean; dockerRefresh?: boolean; targetIds?: string[]; targetLabels?: string[] },
   ) => {
+    const guest = selectedVMRef.current
+    if (target === "os" || target === "both") {
+      if (osCheckingVmid !== null || osCheckRequestRef.current !== null || updatesRefreshing || (opts?.checkedOs && osCheckError)) return
+      const state = guest?.vmid === vmid ? getLxcOsUpdateState(guest.update_check) : "unknown"
+      if (state === "unknown") {
+        setOsCheckError(t("vmLxc.updates.checkBeforeUpdate"))
+        return
+      }
+      // A combined plan can still update apps when OS packages are current.
+      if (target === "os" && state === "current") return
+    }
+    // The explicit update button is the user's confirmation. The runner
+    // owns the temporary start, backup and restoration of a stopped guest.
     const fallbackTargets = target === "os"
       ? ["os"]
       : target === "both"
@@ -2584,6 +2626,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
     setApplyVmid(vmid)
     setApplyTarget(target)
     setApplyRunId(runId)
+    setApplyCheckedOs(opts?.checkedOs === true)
     setApplyTargetIds(opts?.targetIds?.length ? opts.targetIds : fallbackTargets)
     setApplyTargetLabels(opts?.targetLabels?.length ? opts.targetLabels : fallbackLabels)
     setApplyUpdateCommand(opts?.updateCommand || "")
@@ -2680,10 +2723,16 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
   // false "N package pending" every time a registered app has an
   // upstream bump.
   const checkOsUpdates = async (vmid: number) => {
+    if (osCheckRequestRef.current !== null || applyOpen || controlLoading) return
+    osCheckRequestRef.current = vmid
     setOsCheckingVmid(vmid)
     setOsCheckError(null)
     try {
-      await checkLxcUpdates(vmid)
+      const observation = await refreshCheckLxcUpdates<LxcUpdateCheck>(vmid)
+      await mutate((current) => Array.isArray(current)
+        ? current.map(vm => vm.vmid === vmid ? { ...vm, update_check: observation } : vm)
+        : current, { revalidate: false })
+      setSelectedVM(current => current?.vmid === vmid ? { ...current, update_check: observation } : current)
       const details = await fetchApi<VMDetails>(`/api/vms/${vmid}`)
       vmModalCacheRef.current.details.set(vmid, details)
       if (selectedVMRef.current?.vmid === vmid) setVMDetails(details)
@@ -2692,9 +2741,12 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
       if (selectedVMRef.current?.vmid === vmid) {
         setOsCheckError(error.status === 429
           ? t("vmLxc.updates.checkCooldown", { seconds: error.body?.retry_after ?? 60 })
-          : error.message || t("vmLxc.updates.osStatusUnavailable"))
+          : error.message === "checkStillRunning"
+            ? t("vmLxc.updates.checkStillRunning")
+            : t("vmLxc.updates.osStatusUnavailable"))
       }
     } finally {
+      osCheckRequestRef.current = null
       setOsCheckingVmid(null)
     }
   }
@@ -5707,7 +5759,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                       !selectedVM.update_check?.is_oci_lxc && (() => {
                         const uc = selectedVM.update_check
                         const osUpdateStale = isLxcUpdateStale(uc)
-                        const osUpdateStatusKnown = !!uc && !uc.error && !osUpdateStale
+                        const osUpdateStatusKnown = getLxcOsUpdateState(uc) !== "unknown"
                         const hasOsUpdates = osUpdateStatusKnown && !!uc.available
                         const dockerAppWatch = (selectedVM.app_watches || []).find((a) => a.helper_slug === "docker")
                         const dockerRegistered = !!dockerAppWatch
@@ -5863,6 +5915,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                           return {
                             id: `app:${app.id}`,
                             label: app.name || t("vmLxc.updates.applicationDefaultName"),
+                            methodLabel: app.update_command?.trim()
+                              ? t("vmLxc.updates.customCommandTitle")
+                              : t("vmLxc.updates.helperMethod"),
                             detail: "",
                             logoUrl: webLinkLogo || app.logo_url?.trim() || "",
                           }
@@ -5877,6 +5932,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                             ? [{
                                 id: "docker-engine",
                                 label: "Docker Engine",
+                                methodLabel: t("vmLxc.scheduled.dockerEngineTarget"),
                                 detail: "",
                                 logoUrl: "",
                               }]
@@ -5884,6 +5940,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                           ...dockerUpdateUnits.map((unit) => ({
                             id: unit.id,
                             label: unit.display_name || unit.primary_reference || unit.primary_service || unit.id,
+                            methodLabel: unit.kind === "compose"
+                              ? "Docker Compose"
+                              : t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.dockerImageMethod"),
                             detail: (unit.dependent_services || []).length
                               ? t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.includesDependencies", {
                                   names: (unit.dependent_services || []).join(", "),
@@ -5891,7 +5950,14 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                               : "",
                             logoUrl: unit.logo_url || "",
                           })),
-                        ]
+                        ].map((choice, _index, choices) => ({
+                          ...choice,
+                          // Keep distinct action IDs; names alone never prove
+                          // that a custom updater and an image are one action.
+                          label: choices.filter((other) =>
+                            other.label.trim().toLowerCase() === choice.label.trim().toLowerCase()
+                          ).length > 1 ? `${choice.label} — ${choice.methodLabel}` : choice.label,
+                        }))
                         const bulkChoices = [{
                           id: "os",
                           label: t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.osTarget"),
@@ -5935,7 +6001,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                         // has been checked and is current, otherwise unknown.
                         const selectedBulkUpdateStates = bulkTargets.map((target) => {
                           if (target === "os") {
-                            if (!uc || uc.error) return null
+                            if (!osUpdateStatusKnown) return null
                             return hasOsUpdates
                           }
                           if (target === "docker-engine") {
@@ -5960,6 +6026,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                           return null
                         })
                         const bulkHasPendingUpdates = selectedBulkUpdateStates.some((state) => state === true)
+                        const bulkHasUnknownTargets = selectedBulkUpdateStates.some((state) => state === null)
                         const bulkAllTargetsUpToDate = selectedBulkUpdateStates.length > 0
                           && selectedBulkUpdateStates.every((state) => state === false)
                         const toggleBulkChoice = (id: string, checked: boolean) => {
@@ -5968,9 +6035,8 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                             ? Array.from(new Set(["os", ...current.filter((value) => value !== "os"), id]))
                             : current.filter((value) => value !== id))
                         }
-                        const pendingBtnCls = "bg-purple-600/15 hover:bg-purple-600/25 border border-purple-500/40 text-purple-300 hover:text-purple-200"
-                        const upToDateBtnCls = "bg-green-500/10 hover:bg-green-500/20 border border-green-500/30 text-green-400 hover:text-green-300"
-                        const neutralBtnCls = "border border-input bg-background text-foreground/80 hover:bg-accent hover:text-accent-foreground"
+                        const pendingBtnCls = getUpdateActionButtonClass(true, false)
+                        const upToDateBtnCls = getUpdateActionButtonClass(false, true)
                         return (
                           <>
                             <Card className="border border-border bg-card/50">
@@ -5982,12 +6048,12 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                     <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-foreground">{t("vmLxc.updates.osPackagesTitle")}</h3>
                                     <Button
                                       size="sm" variant="outline" className="ml-auto"
-                                      disabled={selectedVM.status !== "running" || osCheckingVmid !== null}
-                                      title={t("vmLxc.updates.checkReadOnlyHelp")}
+                                      disabled={osCheckingVmid !== null || updatesRefreshing || controlLoading || applyOpen}
+                                      title={t("vmLxc.updates.refreshCheckHelp")}
                                       onClick={() => checkOsUpdates(selectedVM.vmid)}
                                     >
                                       <RefreshCw className={`h-4 w-4 mr-1.5 ${osCheckingVmid === selectedVM.vmid ? "animate-spin" : ""}`} />
-                                      {t("vmLxc.updates.checkNow")}
+                                      {t("vmLxc.updates.checkSystemPackages")}
                                     </Button>
                                   </div>
                                   <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-3 leading-relaxed">
@@ -5998,7 +6064,14 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                     )}
                                   </div>
                                   {osCheckError && <p role="alert" className="text-sm text-amber-400 mb-2">{osCheckError}</p>}
-                                  {osUpdateStale && !uc?.error ? (
+                                  {osCheckingVmid === selectedVM.vmid ? (
+                                    <div role="status" className="text-sm text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-2">
+                                      <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin flex-shrink-0" />
+                                      {t("vmLxc.updates.checkInProgress")}
+                                    </div>
+                                  ) : !uc?.last_check && !uc?.error ? (
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">{t("vmLxc.updates.notCheckedYet")}</p>
+                                  ) : osUpdateStale && !uc?.error ? (
                                     <p className="text-sm text-amber-400">{t("vmLxc.updates.checkStaleHelp")}</p>
                                   ) : !osUpdateStatusKnown ? (
                                     <div
@@ -6054,23 +6127,28 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                       {t("vmLxc.updates.noOsUpdatesPending")}
                                     </div>
                                   )}
-                                  <div className="mt-3 flex justify-end">
+                                  {osUpdateStatusKnown && osCheckingVmid !== selectedVM.vmid && <div className="mt-3 flex justify-end">
+                                    {hasOsUpdates ? (
                                     <Button
                                       size="sm"
-                                      onClick={() => openApplyTerminal(selectedVM.vmid, "os")}
-                                      className={hasOsUpdates
-                                        ? pendingBtnCls
-                                        : osUpdateStatusKnown
-                                          ? upToDateBtnCls
-                                          : neutralBtnCls}
+                                      disabled={!hasOsUpdates || osCheckingVmid !== null || updatesRefreshing || controlLoading || !!osCheckError}
+                                      onClick={() => openApplyTerminal(selectedVM.vmid, "os", { checkedOs: true })}
+                                      className={getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasOsUpdates, osUpdateStatusKnown)}
                                     >
                                       {hasOsUpdates && <ArrowUpCircle className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
                                       {!hasOsUpdates && !osUpdateStatusKnown && <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
-                                      {hasOsUpdates || !osUpdateStatusKnown
+                                      {hasOsUpdates
                                         ? t("vmLxc.updates.applyOsUpdate")
-                                        : t("vmLxc.updates.osUpToDate")}
+                                        : osUpdateStatusKnown
+                                          ? t("vmLxc.updates.osUpToDate")
+                                          : t("vmLxc.updates.checkBeforeUpdate")}
                                     </Button>
-                                  </div>
+                                    ) : (
+                                      <Button asChild size="sm" className={upToDateBtnCls}>
+                                        <span role="status">{t("vmLxc.updates.osUpToDate")}</span>
+                                      </Button>
+                                    )}
+                                  </div>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 {/* Docker has three independent lifecycles:
@@ -6200,11 +6278,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                                     dockerRefresh: true,
                                                   },
                                             )}
-                                            className={`${dockerEngineHasUpdate
-                                              ? pendingBtnCls
-                                              : dockerEngineUpToDate
-                                                ? upToDateBtnCls
-                                                : neutralBtnCls} flex-shrink-0`}
+                                            className={`${getUpdateActionButtonClass(dockerEngineHasUpdate, dockerEngineUpToDate)} flex-shrink-0`}
                                           >
                                             {dockerEngineHasUpdate && <ArrowUpCircle className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
                                             {!dockerEngineHasUpdate && !dockerEngineUpToDate && <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
@@ -6480,7 +6554,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                         </div>
                                       ) : helperTracksVersion ? (
                                         <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground leading-relaxed">
-                                          {t("vmLxc.updates.versionTrackingPending")}
+                                          {t("vmLxc.updates.versionStatusUnknown")}
                                         </p>
                                       ) : helperExists ? (
                                         <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground leading-relaxed">
@@ -6503,7 +6577,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                         // still force the helper's own
                                         // update script.
                                         const noState = !hasUpd && !upToD
-                                        const cls = hasUpd ? pendingBtnCls : upToD ? upToDateBtnCls : neutralBtnCls
+                                        const cls = getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasUpd, upToD)
                                         const label = hasUpd ? t("vmLxc.updates.applyUpdate") : upToD ? t("vmLxc.updates.upToDate") : t("vmLxc.updates.runUpdater")
                                         return (
                                           <div className="mt-3 flex justify-end">
@@ -6639,7 +6713,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                                   </div>
                                                 ) : null
                                               ) : (
-                                                <div>{t("vmLxc.updates.versionTrackingPendingShort")}</div>
+                                                <div>{t("vmLxc.updates.versionStatusUnknown")}</div>
                                               )}
                                             </div>
                                           ) : tracksVersion ? (
@@ -6651,7 +6725,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                                   <a className="text-blue-400 hover:underline" href={`#docker-images-${selectedVM.vmid}`}>
                                                     {t("vmLxc.updates.dockerImagesSubheading")}
                                                   </a></>
-                                                : t("vmLxc.updates.versionTrackingPendingShort")}
+                                                : aw.installed_via === "manual"
+                                                  ? t("vmLxc.updates.installedVersionUnverified")
+                                                  : t("vmLxc.updates.versionStatusUnknown")}
                                             </div>
                                           ) : hasCmd ? (
                                             <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
@@ -6673,7 +6749,7 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                                     targetLabels: [aw.name || t("vmLxc.updates.applicationDefaultName")],
                                                   },
                                                 )}
-                                                className={hasUpdate ? pendingBtnCls : upToDate ? upToDateBtnCls : neutralBtnCls}
+                                                className={getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasUpdate, upToDate)}
                                               >
                                                 {hasUpdate && <ArrowUpCircle className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
                                                 {!hasUpdate && !upToDate && <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5" />}
@@ -6681,7 +6757,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                                   ? t("vmLxc.updates.applyUpdate")
                                                   : upToDate
                                                     ? t("vmLxc.updates.upToDate")
-                                                    : t("vmLxc.updates.runUpdater")}
+                                                    : aw.update_method === "helper"
+                                                      ? t("vmLxc.updates.runUpdater")
+                                                      : t("vmLxc.updates.runCustomCommand")}
                                               </Button>
                                             </div>
                                           ) : (
@@ -6719,6 +6797,11 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                       <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-2 leading-relaxed">
                                         {t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.description")}
                                       </p>
+                                      {dockerRegistered && (
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1 leading-relaxed">
+                                          {t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.osDockerScope")}
+                                        </p>
+                                      )}
                                     </div>
                                     {!bulkEditMode && (
                                       <button
@@ -6868,19 +6951,20 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
                                       <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground break-words">
                                         {selectedBulkLabels.join(" · ")}
                                       </div>
+                                      {bulkHasUnknownTargets && (
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground leading-relaxed">
+                                          {t("vmLxc.bulkUpdate.unverifiedTargetsHelp")}
+                                        </p>
+                                      )}
                                       <div className="flex justify-end">
                                         <Button
                                           size="sm"
                                           onClick={() => applyBulkUpdate(selectedVM.vmid)}
-                                          disabled={bulkApplying || (
+                                          disabled={bulkApplying || osCheckingVmid !== null || updatesRefreshing || !osUpdateStatusKnown || bulkAllTargetsUpToDate || (
                                             bulkTargets.some((target) => target.startsWith("docker-unit:"))
                                             && (dockerInventoryRefreshing || !dockerInventoryAvailable)
                                           )}
-                                          className={bulkHasPendingUpdates
-                                            ? pendingBtnCls
-                                            : bulkAllTargetsUpToDate
-                                              ? upToDateBtnCls
-                                              : neutralBtnCls}
+                                          className={getUpdateActionButtonClass(bulkHasPendingUpdates, bulkAllTargetsUpToDate)}
                                         >
                                           {bulkApplying
                                             ? <Loader2 className="h-4 w-4 mr-1.5 animate-spin" />
@@ -7916,7 +8000,9 @@ const handleDownloadLogs = async (vmid: number, vmName: string) => {
             setApplyVmid(null)
           }}
           onComplete={handleApplyComplete}
-          scriptPath="/usr/local/share/proxmenux/scripts/lxc/apply_updates.sh"
+          scriptPath={applyCheckedOs
+            ? "/usr/local/share/proxmenux/scripts/lxc/install_checked_os_updates.sh"
+            : "/usr/local/share/proxmenux/scripts/lxc/apply_updates.sh"}
           scriptName="lxc_apply_updates"
           title={t("vmLxc.updates.terminalTitle", { vmid: applyVmid })}
           completedSuccessfullyMessage={t("vmLxc.updates.terminalCompletedSuccessfully")}

AppImage/lib/lxc-update-observation.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,17 @@ interface UpdateObservation {
   last_check?: string | null
   stale?: boolean
   stale_after_seconds?: number
+  available?: boolean
+  count?: number | null
+  error?: string | null
+}
+
+export function getLxcOsUpdateState(observation?: UpdateObservation, now = Date.now()): "unknown" | "pending" | "current" {
+  if (isLxcUpdateStale(observation, now) || observation?.error
+      || typeof observation?.available !== "boolean"
+      || !Number.isInteger(observation.count) || (observation.count ?? -1) < 0
+      || observation.available !== ((observation.count ?? 0) > 0)) return "unknown"
+  return observation.available ? "pending" : "current"
 }
 
 export function isLxcUpdateStale(observation?: UpdateObservation, now = Date.now()): boolean {
@@ -19,3 +30,18 @@ export function isLxcUpdateStale(observation?: UpdateObservation, now = Date.now
 export function checkLxcUpdates<T>(vmid: number): Promise<T> {
   return fetchApi<T>(`/api/vms/${vmid}/updates/check`, { method: "POST" })
 }
+
+// Separate explicit action: refresh indexes, check only, restore stopped CT.
+// The backend owns the job even if the browser closes or navigates away.
+export async function refreshCheckLxcUpdates<T>(vmid: number): Promise<T> {
+  const job = await fetchApi<{ job_id: string }>(`/api/vms/${vmid}/updates/refresh-check`, { method: "POST" })
+  const deadline = Date.now() + 8 * 60_000
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    const result = await fetchApi<{ state: string; error?: string; update_check?: T }>(
+      `/api/vms/${vmid}/updates/refresh-check/${job.job_id}`)
+    if (result.state === "failed") throw new Error("osStatusUnavailable")
+    if (result.state === "complete") return result.update_check as T
+    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000))
+  }
+  throw new Error("checkStillRunning")
+}

AppImage/lib/update-action-style.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Use the dashboard's existing update colors for every executable action.
+// Version availability remains separate from action styling and enablement.
+export function getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasUpdate: boolean, isCurrent: boolean): string {
+  return !hasUpdate && isCurrent
+    ? "bg-green-500/10 hover:bg-green-500/20 border border-green-500/30 text-green-400 hover:text-green-300"
+    : "bg-purple-600/15 hover:bg-purple-600/25 border border-purple-500/40 text-purple-300 hover:text-purple-200"
+}

AppImage/messages/en/common.json

@@ -1332,7 +1332,14 @@
     },
     "updates": {
       "osPackagesTitle": "OS packages",
-      "checkNow": "Check now",
+      "checkNow": "Check updates",
+      "checkSystemPackages": "Check system packages",
+      "checkInProgress": "Check in progress",
+      "refreshCheckHelp": "Refreshes package indexes and checks pending updates. Nothing is installed. A stopped container is temporarily started and stopped again after the check.",
+      "notCheckedYet": "Updates have not been checked yet.",
+      "checkStillRunning": "The check is still running. The monitor will restore the container's original state when it finishes.",
+      "checkBeforeUpdate": "Check updates first",
+      "startBeforeCheck": "Start the container, then check for updates. No badge does not mean there are no updates.",
       "checkReadOnlyHelp": "Read current OS and pending packages from existing indexes. No installation or package index refresh.",
       "checkCooldown": "Check already running or recently requested. Try again in {seconds} seconds.",
       "checkStale": "Check outdated",
@@ -1380,6 +1387,9 @@
       "applyUpdate": "Apply update",
       "upToDate": "Up to date",
       "runUpdater": "Run updater",
+      "runCustomCommand": "Run custom command",
+      "installedVersionUnverified": "Installed version is unverified. Update availability could not be confirmed.",
+      "versionStatusUnknown": "Update availability is unverified. Version information is unavailable or incomplete.",
       "terminalTitle": "Apply updates — CT {vmid}",
       "terminalDescriptionOs": "Applying OS package updates inside the container...",
       "terminalDescriptionApp": "Running the application updater inside the container...",
@@ -1483,9 +1493,12 @@
       "notConfigured": "Not configured.",
       "configure": "Configure",
       "edit": "Edit",
-      "apply": "Apply updates",
+      "apply": "Start bulk update",
       "osTarget": "OS",
       "osRequired": "Required for a bulk update.",
+      "osDockerScope": "OS updates also include Docker when it is installed as a system package.",
+      "unverifiedTargetsHelp": "Update availability for some selected items is unverified. Starting will run the selected update methods even without a confirmed new version.",
+      "dockerImageMethod": "Docker image",
       "includesDependencies": "Also includes declared dependencies: {names}",
       "noMethod": "No executable update method is available.",
       "staleTarget": "This selection is no longer available. Remove it before saving.",

AppImage/messages/sk/common.json

@@ -1334,7 +1334,14 @@
       "updatedWithDockerImage": "Aktualizuje sa spolu so svojím obrazom Docker.",
       "dockerBindingUnavailable": "Zatiaľ nie je priradený žiadny obraz. Skontrolujte názov kontajnera a obnovte inventár obrazov.",
       "osPackagesTitle": "Balíky systému",
-      "checkNow": "Skontrolovať teraz",
+      "checkNow": "Skontrolovať aktualizácie",
+      "checkSystemPackages": "Skontrolovať balíky systému",
+      "checkInProgress": "Prebieha kontrola",
+      "refreshCheckHelp": "Obnoví zoznamy balíkov a skontroluje čakajúce aktualizácie. Nič nenainštaluje. Vypnutý kontajner sa dočasne zapne a po kontrole sa opäť vypne.",
+      "notCheckedYet": "Aktualizácie zatiaľ nie sú skontrolované.",
+      "checkStillRunning": "Kontrola ešte prebieha. Monitor po jej dokončení obnoví pôvodný stav kontajnera.",
+      "checkBeforeUpdate": "Najprv skontrolovať aktualizácie",
+      "startBeforeCheck": "Spustite kontajner a potom skontrolujte aktualizácie. Chýbajúci odznak neznamená, že nie sú žiadne aktualizácie.",
       "checkReadOnlyHelp": "Zistí aktuálny systém a čakajúce balíky podľa existujúcich zoznamov. Nič nenainštaluje ani neobnoví zoznamy balíkov.",
       "checkCooldown": "Kontrola už prebieha alebo sa práve vykonala. Skúste znova o {seconds} sekúnd.",
       "checkStale": "Zastaraná kontrola",
@@ -1382,6 +1389,9 @@
       "applyUpdate": "Aktualizovať",
       "upToDate": "Aktuálne",
       "runUpdater": "Spustiť aktualizáciu",
+      "runCustomCommand": "Spustiť vlastný príkaz",
+      "installedVersionUnverified": "Nainštalovaná verzia nie je overená. Dostupnosť aktualizácie sa nepodarilo potvrdiť.",
+      "versionStatusUnknown": "Dostupnosť aktualizácie nie je overená. Údaje o verzii chýbajú alebo sú neúplné.",
       "terminalTitle": "Aktualizácia — CT {vmid}",
       "terminalDescriptionOs": "Aktualizujem balíky systému v kontajneri...",
       "terminalDescriptionApp": "Spúšťam aktualizáciu aplikácie v kontajneri...",
@@ -1483,9 +1493,12 @@
       "notConfigured": "Nenakonfigurované.",
       "configure": "Nastaviť",
       "edit": "Upraviť",
-      "apply": "Použiť aktualizácie",
+      "apply": "Spustiť hromadnú aktualizáciu",
       "osTarget": "Operačný systém",
       "osRequired": "Povinné pre hromadnú aktualizáciu.",
+      "osDockerScope": "Systémová aktualizácia zahŕňa aj Docker nainštalovaný ako systémový balík.",
+      "unverifiedTargetsHelp": "Dostupnosť aktualizácií pre niektoré vybrané položky nie je overená. Spustenie vykoná vybrané aktualizačné metódy aj bez potvrdenej novej verzie.",
+      "dockerImageMethod": "Docker obraz",
       "includesDependencies": "Zahŕňa aj deklarované závislosti: {names}",
       "noMethod": "Nie je dostupná žiadna spustiteľná metóda aktualizácie.",
       "staleTarget": "Tento výber už nie je dostupný. Pred uložením ho odstráňte.",

AppImage/scripts/build_appimage.sh

@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/health_thresholds.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/" 2>/dev/null || echo "
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/managed_installs.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/" 2>/dev/null || echo "⚠️  managed_installs.py not found"
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/lxc_update_observation.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/"
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/lxc_update_finalization.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/"
+cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/lxc_check_job.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/"
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/lxc_apps.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/" 2>/dev/null || echo "⚠️  lxc_apps.py not found"
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/custom_links.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/" 2>/dev/null || echo "⚠️  custom_links.py not found"
 cp "$SCRIPT_DIR/recreate_docker_container.py" "$APP_DIR/usr/bin/" 2>/dev/null || echo "⚠️  recreate_docker_container.py not found"

AppImage/scripts/flask_server.py

@@ -6728,6 +6728,11 @@ def _get_lxc_update_status_map() -> dict:
             'managed_oci_app': it.get('_managed_oci_app'),
             'os_family': it.get('_os_family'),
         }
+        if os.path.exists(f'/run/lock/proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-{int(vmid)}'):
+            # Read-only projection: a failed/pending explicit check must not
+            # re-expose a former positive count after a persistence failure.
+            out[str(vmid)].update(available=False, count=0, packages=[],
+                error='Latest explicit package check is running or failed; check again')
     return out
 
 
@@ -13669,19 +13674,57 @@ def api_lxc_updates_check(vmid):
                             'retry_after': retry}), 429, {'Retry-After': str(retry)}
         _lxc_update_check_attempts[vmid] = now
         _lxc_update_check_inflight.add(vmid)
+    operation_lock = None
     try:
+        import lxc_check_job
+        operation_lock = lxc_check_job.acquire(vmid)
         item = managed_installs.refresh_lxc(vmid, refresh_package_cache=False)
         if item is None:
             return jsonify({'error': 'No supported running LXC detected'}), 409
         _vm_cache_invalidate(vmid, _lxc_os_info_cache)
         return jsonify({'vmid': vmid, 'update_check': _get_lxc_update_status_map().get(str(vmid))})
+    except BlockingIOError:
+        return jsonify({'error': 'Another container operation is running'}), 409
     except Exception as exc:
         return jsonify({'error': str(exc)}), 500
     finally:
+        if operation_lock is not None:
+            operation_lock.close()
         with _lxc_update_check_lock:
             _lxc_update_check_inflight.discard(vmid)
 
 
+@app.route('/api/vms/<int:vmid>/updates/refresh-check', methods=['POST'])
+@require_auth
+def api_lxc_updates_refresh_check(vmid):
+    """Explicit index refresh/check; never installs. Worker owns restoration."""
+    import lxc_check_job
+    try:
+        result, code = lxc_check_job.start(vmid)
+        if code == 429:
+            return jsonify({'error': 'Check already running or recently requested',
+                            'retry_after': 60}), 429, {'Retry-After': '60'}
+        return jsonify(result), code
+    except BlockingIOError:
+        return jsonify({'error': 'Another container operation is running'}), 409
+    except (OSError, RuntimeError, ValueError) as exc:
+        return jsonify({'error': str(exc)}), 409
+
+
+@app.route('/api/vms/<int:vmid>/updates/refresh-check/<job_id>', methods=['GET'])
+@require_auth
+def api_lxc_updates_refresh_check_status(vmid, job_id):
+    import lxc_check_job
+    result = lxc_check_job.get(vmid, job_id)
+    if result is None:
+        return jsonify({'error': 'Check result not found; check again'}), 404
+    if result['state'] != 'running':
+        _vm_cache_invalidate(vmid, _lxc_os_info_cache)
+        _pvesh_cache['cluster_resources_vm_time'] = 0
+        result['update_check'] = _get_lxc_update_status_map().get(str(vmid))
+    return jsonify(result)
+
+
 # ─── LXC Update Detection toggle ────────────────────────────────────────────
 # Dedicated toggle so the operator can opt out of the per-CT `pct exec apt
 # list --upgradable` scan entirely. The Notifications section keeps its own
@@ -14258,6 +14301,7 @@ def api_vm_apps_dismiss(vmid):
 # ─── LXC update finalization ────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 _LXC_APPLY_UPDATES_SCRIPT = "/usr/local/share/proxmenux/scripts/lxc/apply_updates.sh"
+_LXC_INSTALL_CHECKED_OS_SCRIPT = "/usr/local/share/proxmenux/scripts/lxc/install_checked_os_updates.sh"
 _LXC_UPDATE_RUN_ID_RE = re.compile(r'^[A-Za-z0-9._:-]{1,128}$')
 _LXC_UPDATE_TARGET_RE = re.compile(r'^[A-Za-z0-9._:-]{1,180}$')
 from lxc_update_finalization import lock as _lxc_update_finalization_lock, runs as _lxc_update_finalizations
@@ -14711,7 +14755,9 @@ def _finalize_lxc_update(
 
 
 def _terminal_lxc_update_completed(*, script_path, params, exit_code, duration_seconds):
-    if os.path.realpath(script_path) != os.path.realpath(_LXC_APPLY_UPDATES_SCRIPT):
+    if os.path.realpath(script_path) not in {
+            os.path.realpath(_LXC_APPLY_UPDATES_SCRIPT),
+            os.path.realpath(_LXC_INSTALL_CHECKED_OS_SCRIPT)}:
         return
     run_id = _normalise_lxc_update_run_id(params.get('RUN_ID'), create=False)
     if not run_id:

AppImage/scripts/lxc_check_job.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+"""Explicit check-only jobs; the shared updater lock protects each CT.
+
+Importing or reading a job never probes a guest. Only start() may launch work.
+Package observations are saved before restoring a temporarily started guest.
+"""
+import datetime
+import fcntl
+import json
+import os
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import threading
+import time
+import uuid
+
+import managed_installs
+import lxc_update_observation
+
+LOCK_DIR = Path(os.environ.get('PROXMENUX_LOCK_DIR', '/run/lock'))
+CONF_DIR = Path('/etc/pve/lxc')
+OCI_REGISTRY = Path('/usr/local/share/proxmenux/oci/installed.json')
+_lock = threading.RLock()
+_jobs = {}
+_attempts = {}
+COOLDOWN = 60
+JOB_TTL = 3600
+
+
+def acquire(vmid):
+    path = LOCK_DIR / f'proxmenux-lxc-update-{int(vmid)}.lock'
+    handle = os.fdopen(os.open(path, os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_NOFOLLOW, 0o600), 'r+')
+    try:
+        fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+        return handle
+    except BaseException:
+        handle.close()
+        raise
+
+
+def guard(vmid):
+    if not managed_installs._lxc_updates_detection_enabled():
+        raise RuntimeError('LXC update detection is disabled')
+    # Fail closed if current configuration cannot be read. Never infer OCI
+    # eligibility from an old OS hint or from a failed config read.
+    config = (CONF_DIR / f'{int(vmid)}.conf').read_text()
+    # The normal collector tolerates broken OCI metadata. An action must
+    # instead fail closed: an unreadable registry is not an empty registry.
+    if OCI_REGISTRY.exists():
+        registry = json.loads(OCI_REGISTRY.read_text())
+        instances = registry.get('instances')
+        if not isinstance(instances, dict) or any(not isinstance(item, dict) for item in instances.values()):
+            raise RuntimeError('OCI registry could not be verified')
+        if any(str(item.get('vmid')) == str(vmid) for item in instances.values()):
+            raise RuntimeError('OCI containers require their own updater')
+    if any(line.lstrip().startswith(managed_installs._OCI_LXC_MARKERS)
+           for line in config.splitlines()) or str(vmid) in managed_installs._get_oci_managed_vmids():
+        raise RuntimeError('OCI containers require their own updater')
+    # Retain the independent registered-OCI boundary if its collector is
+    # temporarily unavailable. These hints can only forbid an action.
+    if any(str(item.get('_vmid')) == str(vmid) and item.get('_managed_oci_app')
+           for item in managed_installs.get_active_items()):
+        raise RuntimeError('OCI containers require their own updater')
+    if any(line.startswith('lock:') for line in config.splitlines()):
+        raise RuntimeError('Container is locked by Proxmox')
+
+
+def command(vmid, *args, timeout=30):
+    result = subprocess.run([managed_installs._PCT_BIN, *args[:1], str(vmid), *args[1:]],
+                            capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout)
+    if result.returncode:
+        raise RuntimeError(f'Container {args[0]} failed')
+    return result.stdout.strip()
+
+
+def status(vmid):
+    value = command(vmid, 'status')
+    if value not in ('status: running', 'status: stopped'):
+        raise RuntimeError('Container state could not be determined')
+    return value.split(': ', 1)[1]
+
+
+def checked_os(vmid):
+    """Installation precondition; called under the updater lock before start."""
+    guard(vmid)
+    if (LOCK_DIR / f'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-{int(vmid)}').exists():
+        raise RuntimeError('Latest check failed or is still running')
+    item = next((item for item in managed_installs.get_active_items()
+                 if item.get('id') == f'lxc:{int(vmid)}'), {})
+    observation = item.get('update_check') or {}
+    checked = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(observation.get('last_check') or '')
+    if checked.tzinfo is None:
+        checked = checked.replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
+    age = (datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) - checked).total_seconds()
+    if (not 0 <= age < 172800 or observation.get('error')
+            or observation.get('available') is not True
+            or type(observation.get('_count')) is not int or observation['_count'] <= 0):
+        raise RuntimeError('Check OS updates successfully before installation')
+
+
+def run(vmid, job_id, reservation):
+    restore = False
+    error = None
+    invalid = LOCK_DIR / f'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-{int(vmid)}'
+    try:
+        invalid.touch(mode=0o600)
+        guard(vmid)
+        original = status(vmid)
+        if original == 'stopped':
+            # Set before start: a timed-out command can still have started CT.
+            restore = True
+            command(vmid, 'start', timeout=60)
+            deadline = time.monotonic() + 60
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    command(vmid, 'exec', '--', 'true', timeout=5)
+                    break
+                except (RuntimeError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
+                    if time.monotonic() >= deadline:
+                        raise RuntimeError('Container did not become ready')
+                    time.sleep(1)
+        observation = lxc_update_observation.capture(vmid, job_id, refresh_indexes=True)
+        if not managed_installs.store_lxc_update_observation(vmid, observation):
+            raise RuntimeError(observation['result'].get('error') or 'Package check failed')
+        lxc_update_observation.discard(vmid, job_id)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        error = str(exc)
+        # Preflight/start failures must revoke a previous positive observation.
+        try:
+            managed_installs.store_lxc_update_observation(vmid, None)
+        except Exception:
+            error += '; package result could not be persisted'
+    finally:
+        if restore:
+            try:
+                if status(vmid) != 'stopped':
+                    command(vmid, 'shutdown', '--timeout', '30', timeout=40)
+                if status(vmid) != 'stopped':
+                    raise RuntimeError('Container is still running')
+            except Exception:
+                try:
+                    command(vmid, 'stop', timeout=30)
+                    if status(vmid) != 'stopped':
+                        raise RuntimeError('Container is still running')
+                except Exception:
+                    error = (error + '; ' if error else '') + 'Original stopped state could not be restored'
+        if not error:
+            try:
+                invalid.unlink()
+            except OSError:
+                error = 'Successful check could not be published for installation'
+        reservation.close()
+        with _lock:
+            _jobs[job_id].update(state='failed' if error else 'complete', error=error)
+
+
+def start(vmid):
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _lock:
+        for key in list(_jobs):
+            if _jobs[key]['state'] != 'running' and now - _jobs[key]['created'] >= JOB_TTL:
+                del _jobs[key]
+        last = _attempts.get(vmid)
+        if (any(job['vmid'] == vmid and job['state'] == 'running' for job in _jobs.values())
+                or last is not None and now - last < COOLDOWN):
+            return None, 429
+        reservation = acquire(vmid)
+        try:
+            guard(vmid)
+            job_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
+            _jobs[job_id] = dict(vmid=vmid, state='running', error=None, created=now)
+            _attempts[vmid] = now
+            threading.Thread(target=run, args=(vmid, job_id, reservation), daemon=False).start()
+        except BaseException:
+            if 'job_id' in locals():
+                _jobs.pop(job_id, None)
+                _attempts.pop(vmid, None)
+            reservation.close()
+            raise
+        return dict(job_id=job_id, vmid=vmid, state='running'), 202
+
+
+def get(vmid, job_id):
+    with _lock:
+        job = _jobs.get(job_id)
+        if job is None or job['vmid'] != vmid:
+            return None
+        return {key: value for key, value in job.items() if key != 'created'}

scripts/lxc/apply_updates.sh

@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ ALLOW_HELPER_WITH_CUSTOM="${ALLOW_HELPER_WITH_CUSTOM:-0}"
 DOCKER_STANDALONE_TARGETS="${DOCKER_STANDALONE_TARGETS:-}"
 UPDATE_DOCKER_ENGINE="${UPDATE_DOCKER_ENGINE:-0}"
 
+# Reject an abandoned local-only mode rather than silently installing if an
+# older launcher still exports it. The check now has its own non-install job.
+if [[ "${CHECK_APPLY_OS:-0}" != "0" ]]; then
+  echo "ERROR: combined check-and-update was removed; run the explicit package check first." >&2
+  exit 4
+fi
+
 if [[ ! "$VMID" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]]; then
   echo "ERROR: VMID must be a positive integer." >&2
   exit 1
@@ -123,6 +130,13 @@ if ! flock -n 9; then
   exit 7
 fi
 
+if [[ "${REQUIRE_CHECKED_OS:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+  if ! python3 -c 'import sys; sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/local/share/proxmenux/monitor-app/usr/bin"); import lxc_check_job; lxc_check_job.checked_os(int(sys.argv[1]))' "$VMID"; then
+    echo "ERROR: a fresh successful positive OS check is required; nothing was installed." >&2
+    exit 4
+  fi
+fi
+
 STARTED_AT=$(date -Iseconds)
 NODE=$(hostname)
 echo "=== ProxMenux LXC update — CT $VMID on $NODE ==="

scripts/lxc/install_checked_os_updates.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Install OS packages only after a valid positive check. The shared runner
+# verifies that precondition under its CT lock before any lifecycle effect.
+export REQUIRE_CHECKED_OS=1 TARGET=os RUN_HELPER=0 UPDATE_COMMAND=""
+export ALLOW_HELPER_WITH_CUSTOM=0 DOCKER_STANDALONE_TARGETS="" UPDATE_DOCKER_ENGINE=0
+exec /bin/bash "$(dirname -- "$(readlink -f -- "$0")")/apply_updates.sh"

tests/lxc_updates/test_apply_updates.sh

@@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ EOF
 cat >"$MOCK_BIN/python3" <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/bash
 cat >/dev/null
+if [[ "${1:-}" == '-c' ]]; then
+  [[ "${MOCK_CHECK_FAIL:-0}" != '1' ]]
+  exit $?
+fi
 if [[ "${2:-}" == 'protect-update-command' ]]; then
   printf '%s' "$UPDATE_COMMAND"
   exit 0
@@ -82,6 +86,7 @@ EOF
 cat >"$MOCK_BIN/vzdump" <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/bash
 echo "vzdump $*" >>"$MOCK_LOG"
+[[ "${MOCK_BACKUP_FAIL:-0}" != '1' ]]
 EOF
 chmod +x "$MOCK_BIN"/*
 
@@ -161,4 +166,18 @@ run_case locked RUN_HELPER=0 UPDATE_COMMAND='update-custom' MOCK_FLOCK_FAIL=1
 [[ $CASE_RC -eq 7 ]] || fail "locked expected 7, got $CASE_RC"
 [[ $(count CUSTOM_EXEC) -eq 0 ]] || fail "locked run executed an updater"
 
+run_case checked_missing TARGET=os REQUIRE_CHECKED_OS=1 MOCK_CHECK_FAIL=1
+[[ $CASE_RC -eq 4 ]] || fail "unchecked installation was not rejected"
+[[ $(count 'pct ') -eq 0 ]] || fail "unchecked installation probed or started a CT"
+[[ $(count OS_EXEC) -eq 0 ]] || fail "unchecked installation upgraded packages"
+
+run_case checked_backup_fail TARGET=os REQUIRE_CHECKED_OS=1 MOCK_INITIAL_STATE=stopped BACKUP=1 BACKUP_STORAGE=local MOCK_BACKUP_FAIL=1
+[[ $CASE_RC -eq 3 ]] || fail "backup failure was not reported"
+[[ $(count OS_EXEC) -eq 0 ]] || fail "backup failure upgraded packages"
+[[ $(count 'pct shutdown 101 --timeout 60') -eq 1 ]] || fail "backup failure did not restore stopped state"
+
+run_case checked_positive TARGET=os REQUIRE_CHECKED_OS=1
+[[ $CASE_RC -eq 0 ]] || fail "positive checked installation failed"
+[[ $(count OS_EXEC) -gt 0 ]] || fail "positive checked installation did not use existing OS path"
+
 echo "apply_updates.sh: all deterministic tests passed"

tests/lxc_updates/test_check_only_job.py

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+"""Real job, Flask routes and shared flock; guest transport is isolated."""
+import ast
+import datetime
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import threading
+import time
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+from flask import Flask, jsonify
+from flask import request
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
+sys.path.insert(0, str(ROOT / 'AppImage/scripts'))
+import lxc_check_job as job
+
+
+class CheckOnlyTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.temp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(self.temp.cleanup)
+        self.folder = Path(self.temp.name)
+        self.conf = self.folder / '100.conf'
+        self.conf.write_text('hostname: fixture\n')
+        self.patches = [patch.object(job, 'LOCK_DIR', self.folder),
+                        patch.object(job, 'CONF_DIR', self.folder),
+                        patch.object(job, 'OCI_REGISTRY', self.folder / 'installed.json'),
+                        patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_lxc_updates_detection_enabled', return_value=True),
+                        patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_get_oci_managed_vmids', return_value={}),
+                        patch.object(job.managed_installs, 'get_active_items', return_value=[])]
+        for p in self.patches:
+            p.start()
+            self.addCleanup(p.stop)
+        job._jobs.clear()
+        job._attempts.clear()
+        self.state = 'stopped'
+        self.calls = []
+        self.result = {'result': {'available': True, '_count': 2}, 'entry': {}}
+
+    def transport(self, vmid, action, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.calls.append(action)
+        if action == 'status':
+            return 'status: ' + self.state
+        if action == 'start':
+            self.state = 'running'
+        if action in ('stop', 'shutdown'):
+            self.state = 'stopped'
+        return ''
+
+    def run_check(self, capture_error=None, persistence_error=None, transport=None):
+        reservation = job.acquire(100)
+        job._jobs['run'] = dict(vmid=100, state='running', created=time.monotonic())
+        with patch.object(job, 'command', side_effect=transport or self.transport), \
+             patch.object(job.lxc_update_observation, 'capture', return_value=self.result,
+                          side_effect=capture_error) as capture, \
+             patch.object(job.lxc_update_observation, 'discard'), \
+             patch.object(job.managed_installs, 'store_lxc_update_observation',
+                          return_value=True, side_effect=persistence_error) as store:
+            job.run(100, 'run', reservation)
+        return job.get(100, 'run'), capture, store
+
+    def test_stopped_check_restores_and_never_installs(self):
+        result, capture, store = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'complete')
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, ['status', 'start', 'exec', 'status', 'shutdown', 'status'])
+        capture.assert_called_once_with(100, 'run', refresh_indexes=True)
+        store.assert_called_once_with(100, self.result)
+        self.assertFalse((self.folder / 'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-100').exists())
+
+    def test_running_check_has_no_lifecycle_effect(self):
+        self.state = 'running'
+        result, _, _ = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'complete')
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, ['status'])
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'running')
+
+    def test_index_read_timeout_and_persistence_errors_restore_stopped(self):
+        for error in [RuntimeError('index failed'), OSError('read failed'),
+                      subprocess.TimeoutExpired('package listing', 30)]:
+            with self.subTest(error=type(error).__name__):
+                result, _, _ = self.run_check(capture_error=error)
+                self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+                self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        result, _, _ = self.run_check(persistence_error=OSError('disk full'))
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        self.assertIn('could not be persisted', result['error'])
+
+    def test_start_timeout_after_effect_is_restored(self):
+        def transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs):
+            value = self.transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs)
+            if action == 'start':
+                raise subprocess.TimeoutExpired('start', 60)
+            return value
+        result, capture, _ = self.run_check(transport=transport)
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        capture.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_unknown_status_does_not_start(self):
+        self.state = 'unknown'
+        result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, ['status'])
+        capture.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_shutdown_failure_uses_verified_stop(self):
+        def transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs):
+            if action == 'shutdown':
+                raise RuntimeError('shutdown failed')
+            return self.transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs)
+        result, _, _ = self.run_check(transport=transport)
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'complete')
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        self.assertIn('stop', self.calls)
+
+    def test_failed_restore_revokes_installation(self):
+        def transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs):
+            if action in ('shutdown', 'stop'):
+                raise RuntimeError('stop failed')
+            return self.transport(vmid, action, *args, **kwargs)
+        result, _, _ = self.run_check(transport=transport)
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertIn('could not be restored', result['error'])
+        self.assertTrue((self.folder / 'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-100').exists())
+
+    def test_guard_oci_config_lock_and_disabled_forbid_all_guest_calls(self):
+        for config in ['lxc.environment.runtime: OCI=1\n', 'lock: backup\n']:
+            self.conf.write_text(config)
+            result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+            self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+            self.assertEqual(self.calls, [])
+            capture.assert_not_called()
+        self.conf.unlink()
+        result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, [])
+        capture.assert_not_called()
+        self.conf.write_text('hostname: fixture\n')
+        with patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_lxc_updates_detection_enabled', return_value=False):
+            result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, [])
+        capture.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_registered_oci_is_excluded_before_probe(self):
+        with patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_get_oci_managed_vmids', return_value={'100': 'fixture'}):
+            result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.calls, [])
+        capture.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_unreadable_or_invalid_oci_registry_never_means_non_oci(self):
+        for content in ['broken', '{"instances": []}', '{"instances": {"app": {"vmid": 100}}}']:
+            job.OCI_REGISTRY.write_text(content)
+            result, capture, _ = self.run_check()
+            self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+            self.assertEqual(self.calls, [])
+            capture.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_thread_start_failure_releases_lock_and_job(self):
+        with patch.object(job.threading, 'Thread') as thread:
+            thread.return_value.start.side_effect = RuntimeError('cannot create worker')
+            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+                job.start(100)
+        self.assertEqual(job._jobs, {})
+        self.assertEqual(job._attempts, {})
+        reservation = job.acquire(100)
+        reservation.close()
+
+    def test_corrupt_registry_is_preserved_and_installation_stays_blocked(self):
+        registry = self.folder / 'registry.json'
+        registry.write_text('malformed-but-must-not-be-overwritten')
+        with patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_REGISTRY_PATH', str(registry)):
+            result, _, _ = self.run_check(persistence_error=job.managed_installs.store_lxc_update_observation)
+        self.assertEqual(result['state'], 'failed')
+        self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+        self.assertEqual(registry.read_text(), 'malformed-but-must-not-be-overwritten')
+        self.assertTrue((self.folder / 'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-100').exists())
+
+    def test_shared_lock_excludes_scheduler_and_manual_runner(self):
+        reservation = job.acquire(100)
+        self.addCleanup(reservation.close)
+        with self.assertRaises(BlockingIOError):
+            job.start(100)
+        process = subprocess.run(['/usr/bin/flock', '-n',
+            str(self.folder / 'proxmenux-lxc-update-100.lock'), '/bin/true'])
+        self.assertEqual(process.returncode, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(job._jobs, {})
+        reservation.close()
+        other = job.acquire(100)
+        other.close()
+
+    def test_cooldown_boundaries_and_inflight(self):
+        for elapsed, expected in [(59.999, 429), (60, 202), (60.001, 202)]:
+            job._jobs.clear()
+            job._attempts[100] = 100
+            reservation = Mock()
+            with patch.object(job.time, 'monotonic', return_value=100 + elapsed), \
+                 patch.object(job.threading, 'Thread'), patch.object(job, 'acquire', return_value=reservation):
+                result, code = job.start(100)
+            self.assertEqual(code, expected)
+        job._jobs['active'] = dict(vmid=100, state='running', created=100)
+        job._attempts[100] = 0
+        with patch.object(job.time, 'monotonic', return_value=10000):
+            self.assertEqual(job.start(100)[1], 429)
+
+    def test_poll_is_read_only_and_scoped_to_guest(self):
+        job._jobs['run'] = dict(vmid=100, state='running', error=None, created=1)
+        with patch.object(job, 'command') as command, patch.object(job, 'guard') as guard:
+            self.assertEqual(job.get(100, 'run')['state'], 'running')
+            self.assertIsNone(job.get(101, 'run'))
+            self.assertIsNone(job.get(100, 'missing'))
+        command.assert_not_called()
+        guard.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_install_gate_positive_zero_unknown_error_and_freshness(self):
+        now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
+        for count, available, error, age, allowed in [
+            (2, True, None, 60, True), (0, False, None, 60, False),
+            (None, True, None, 60, False), (2, True, 'failed', 60, False),
+            (2, True, None, 172799, True), (2, True, None, 172800, False),
+            (2, True, None, -60, False)]:
+            with self.subTest(count=count, age=age, error=error):
+                item = {'id': 'lxc:100', 'update_check': {'_count': count,
+                    'available': available, 'error': error,
+                    'last_check': (now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=age)).isoformat()}}
+                with patch.object(job.managed_installs, 'get_active_items', return_value=[item]):
+                    if allowed:
+                        job.checked_os(100)
+                    else:
+                        with self.assertRaises((RuntimeError, ValueError)):
+                            job.checked_os(100)
+
+    def test_pending_failure_marker_forbids_install_before_probe(self):
+        (self.folder / 'proxmenux-lxc-check-invalid-100').touch()
+        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            job.checked_os(100)
+
+    def test_real_capture_refreshes_lists_and_persists_without_installation(self):
+        for count, index_rc in [(0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 1)]:
+            with self.subTest(count=count, index_rc=index_rc):
+                self.state = 'stopped'
+                reservation = job.acquire(100)
+                job._jobs['real'] = dict(vmid=100, state='running', created=time.monotonic())
+                entry = {'id': 'lxc:100', 'type': 'lxc', '_vmid': '100', '_os_family': 'debian'}
+                output = 'Listing...\n' + '\n'.join(
+                    f'pkg{i}/stable 2.0 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.0]' for i in range(count))
+                commands = []
+                def transport(command, **kwargs):
+                    commands.append(command)
+                    return subprocess.CompletedProcess(command, index_rc if 'update' in command else 0,
+                                                       output if 'list' in ' '.join(command) else '', '')
+                with patch.object(job, 'command', side_effect=self.transport), \
+                     patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_DB_DIR', str(self.folder)), \
+                     patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_REGISTRY_PATH', str(self.folder / 'registry.json')), \
+                     patch.object(job.lxc_update_observation, 'OBSERVATION_DIR', self.folder / 'observations'), \
+                     patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_detect_lxc_containers', return_value=[entry]), \
+                     patch.object(job.managed_installs, '_probe_lxc_os', return_value='debian'), \
+                     patch.object(job.managed_installs.subprocess, 'run', side_effect=transport):
+                    job.run(100, 'real', reservation)
+                    stored = job.managed_installs.get_registry()['items'][0]['update_check']
+                self.assertEqual(self.state, 'stopped')
+                self.assertEqual(job.get(100, 'real')['state'], 'failed' if index_rc else 'complete')
+                self.assertTrue(any('update' in command for command in commands))
+                self.assertFalse(any(any(word in command for word in ('upgrade', 'install', 'full-upgrade'))
+                                     for command in commands))
+                if not index_rc:
+                    self.assertEqual(stored['_count'], count)
+                else:
+                    self.assertTrue(stored['error'])
+                    self.assertFalse(any('apt list' in ' '.join(command) for command in commands))
+
+
+    def test_actual_routes_submit_poll_and_control_lock(self):
+        app = Flask(__name__)
+        scope = {'app': app, 'jsonify': jsonify, 'require_auth': lambda fn: fn,
+                 '_vm_cache_invalidate': Mock(), '_lxc_os_info_cache': {},
+                 '_pvesh_cache': {}, '_get_lxc_update_status_map': lambda: {'100': {'count': 2}}}
+        names = {'api_lxc_updates_refresh_check', 'api_lxc_updates_refresh_check_status'}
+        nodes = [n for n in ast.parse((ROOT / 'AppImage/scripts/flask_server.py').read_text()).body
+                 if isinstance(n, ast.FunctionDef) and n.name in names]
+        exec(compile(ast.Module(body=nodes, type_ignores=[]), 'routes', 'exec'), scope)
+        client = app.test_client()
+        with patch.object(job, 'start', return_value=({'job_id': 'run'}, 202)):
+            self.assertEqual(client.post('/api/vms/100/updates/refresh-check').status_code, 202)
+        job._jobs['run'] = dict(vmid=100, state='complete', error=None, created=1)
+        with patch.object(job, 'command') as command:
+            response = client.get('/api/vms/100/updates/refresh-check/run')
+            self.assertEqual(response.json['update_check']['count'], 2)
+            self.assertEqual(client.get('/api/vms/101/updates/refresh-check/run').status_code, 404)
+        command.assert_not_called()

tests/lxc_updates/test_docker_delegated_ui.cjs

@@ -67,3 +67,90 @@ for (const locale of ['en', 'es', 'de', 'fr', 'it', 'pt', 'sk', 'sv']) {
   for (const key of ['dockerWorkloadsHeading', 'runsInsideDocker', 'upstreamDelegatedTitle', 'upstreamDelegatedHelp']) assert.equal(typeof messages.vmLxc.appEditor[key], 'string')
 }
 console.log('PASS Docker delegation: live cache, lifecycle invalidation, edit protection, no extra HTTP, unique image counts, eight locales')
+
+// Exercise the actual bulk-choice construction, keeping target identities
+// intact while distinguishing a custom updater from a same-named image.
+const choicesSource = source.slice(source.indexOf('const bulkAppChoices ='), source.indexOf('const bulkChoiceIds ='))
+assert(choicesSource.startsWith('const bulkAppChoices ='))
+for (const locale of ['en', 'sk']) {
+  const messages = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, `messages/${locale}/common.json`)))
+  const t = (key, values = {}) => {
+    const value = key.split('.').reduce((obj, part) => obj?.[part], messages)
+    assert.equal(typeof value, 'string', key)
+    return value.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, (_, name) => values[name] ?? '')
+  }
+  const registeredApps = [
+    {id: 'custom', name: 'ghstats', update_command: 'existing updater'},
+    {id: 'helper', name: 'Helper app', update_method: 'helper', helper_slug: 'helper-app'},
+    {id: 'unique', name: 'Only custom', update_command: 'another updater'},
+    {id: 'engine', name: 'Docker', helper_slug: 'docker'},
+  ].map(Object.freeze)
+  const units = [
+    {id: 'docker-unit:ghstats', kind: 'standalone', display_name: 'ghstats', dependent_services: []},
+    {id: 'docker-unit:helper', kind: 'compose', display_name: 'Helper app', dependent_services: ['database']},
+    {id: 'docker-unit:unique', kind: 'standalone', display_name: 'Only image', dependent_services: []},
+  ].map(Object.freeze)
+  const before = JSON.stringify({registeredApps, units})
+  const result = compile(choicesSource + '\nexports.choices = bulkChoices;', {
+    exports: {}, t, registeredApps, helperExists: true, uc: {helper_slug: 'helper-app'},
+    dockerWorkloadsRegistered: true, dockerRegistered: true,
+    selectedVM: {docker_inventory: {update_units: units}}, followedImageReferences: new Set(),
+  }).choices
+  assert.deepEqual(Array.from(result, x => x.id), ['os', 'app:custom', 'app:helper', 'app:unique',
+    'docker-engine', 'docker-unit:ghstats', 'docker-unit:helper', 'docker-unit:unique'])
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'app:custom').label, `ghstats — ${t('vmLxc.updates.customCommandTitle')}`)
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'docker-unit:ghstats').label, `ghstats — ${t('vmLxc.bulkUpdate.dockerImageMethod')}`)
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'app:helper').label, `Helper app — ${t('vmLxc.updates.helperMethod')}`)
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'docker-unit:helper').label, 'Helper app — Docker Compose')
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'app:unique').label, 'Only custom')
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'docker-unit:unique').label, 'Only image')
+  assert.equal(result.find(x => x.id === 'docker-unit:helper').detail,
+    t('vmLxc.bulkUpdate.includesDependencies', {names: 'database'}))
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify({registeredApps, units}), before, 'display must never edit registrations or units')
+  assert.equal(typeof messages.vmLxc.bulkUpdate.osDockerScope, 'string')
+}
+console.log('PASS bulk display: duplicate method names, unchanged unique names/target IDs/dependencies and frozen input, EN/SK')
+
+const actionStyle = compile(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, 'lib/update-action-style.ts'), 'utf8'), {exports: {}})
+let bulkButton
+function findBulkButton(node) {
+  if (ts.isJsxElement(node) && node.openingElement.tagName.getText(tree) === 'Button') {
+    const props = node.openingElement.attributes.properties
+    if (props.some(p => ts.isJsxAttribute(p) && p.name.text === 'onClick'
+      && p.initializer?.getText(tree).includes('applyBulkUpdate('))) bulkButton = props
+  }
+  ts.forEachChild(node, findBulkButton)
+}
+findBulkButton(tree)
+assert(bulkButton, 'actual bulk execution button exists')
+function bulkProp(name, context) {
+  const prop = bulkButton.find(p => p.name?.text === name)
+  assert(prop && ts.isJsxExpression(prop.initializer))
+  return compile('exports.value = (' + prop.initializer.expression.getText(tree) + ');', {
+    exports: {}, getUpdateActionButtonClass: actionStyle.getUpdateActionButtonClass, ...context,
+  }).value
+}
+const enabledBulk = {bulkApplying: false, osCheckingVmid: null, updatesRefreshing: false,
+  osUpdateStatusKnown: true, bulkAllTargetsUpToDate: false, bulkHasPendingUpdates: true,
+  bulkTargets: ['os', 'app:one'], dockerInventoryRefreshing: false, dockerInventoryAvailable: true}
+assert.equal(bulkProp('disabled', enabledBulk), false)
+assert.match(bulkProp('className', enabledBulk), /text-purple-300/)
+const unknownBulk = {...enabledBulk, osUpdateStatusKnown: false, bulkHasPendingUpdates: false}
+assert.equal(bulkProp('disabled', unknownBulk), true, 'consistent action color must not enable an unknown OS')
+assert.equal(bulkProp('className', unknownBulk), bulkProp('className', enabledBulk))
+const currentBulk = {...enabledBulk, bulkAllTargetsUpToDate: true, bulkHasPendingUpdates: false}
+assert.equal(bulkProp('disabled', currentBulk), true)
+assert.match(bulkProp('className', currentBulk), /text-green-400/)
+assert.equal(bulkProp('disabled', {...enabledBulk, bulkApplying: true}), true)
+assert.equal(bulkProp('disabled', {...enabledBulk, bulkTargets: ['os', 'docker-unit:one'],
+  dockerInventoryAvailable: false}), true)
+const helperLabelSource = source.slice(source.indexOf('const cls = getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasUpd'),
+  source.indexOf('const cls = getUpdateActionButtonClass(hasUpd') + 550)
+const helperLabel = helperLabelSource.slice(0, helperLabelSource.indexOf('return ('))
+const unknownHelper = compile(helperLabel + '\nexports.value = {cls, label};', {
+  exports: {}, hasUpd: false, upToD: false, t: k => k,
+  getUpdateActionButtonClass: actionStyle.getUpdateActionButtonClass,
+}).value
+assert.match(unknownHelper.cls, /text-purple-300/)
+assert.equal(unknownHelper.label, 'vmLxc.updates.runUpdater', 'unknown version must not be presented as a detected upgrade')
+console.log('PASS actual update actions: shared author colors, unknown remains unknown, bulk guards unchanged')

tests/lxc_updates/test_download_update_guard.py

@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ esac
         notification = Mock()
         ns = dict(os=os, time=time, re=__import__('re'), notification_manager=notification,
                   _LXC_APPLY_UPDATES_SCRIPT=str(ROOT / 'scripts/lxc/apply_updates.sh'),
+                  _LXC_INSTALL_CHECKED_OS_SCRIPT=str(ROOT / 'scripts/lxc/install_checked_os_updates.sh'),
                   _normalise_lxc_update_run_id=lambda value, **_: value,
                   _normalise_lxc_update_targets=lambda values, _: values,
                   _normalise_lxc_update_labels=lambda values: values,

tests/lxc_updates/test_observed_state.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ from flask import Flask, jsonify
 ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
 sys.path.insert(0, str(ROOT / "AppImage/scripts"))
 import managed_installs as managed
+import lxc_check_job
 
 SERVER = ROOT / "AppImage/scripts/flask_server.py"
 FUNCTIONS = {
@@ -50,6 +51,9 @@ class ObservedStateRoutesTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         self.temp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
         self.addCleanup(self.temp.cleanup)
+        lock_patch = patch.object(lxc_check_job, 'LOCK_DIR', Path(self.temp.name))
+        lock_patch.start()
+        self.addCleanup(lock_patch.stop)
         self.conf = Path(self.temp.name) / "100.conf"
         self.conf.write_text("onboot: 0\nnet0: name=eth0,ip=dhcp\ntags: old\n")
         self.clock = Mock(time=Mock(return_value=1000), monotonic=Mock(return_value=1000))
@@ -141,6 +145,8 @@ class ObservedStateRoutesTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200, response.json)
         return response.json[0]
 
+
+
     def test_dhcp_change_after_ttl_without_lifecycle_and_api_compatibility(self):
         first = self.row()
         self.assertEqual(first["ip"], "10.100.100.222")

tests/lxc_updates/test_observed_state_ui.cjs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ const requests = []
 const helpers = compile(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, "lib/lxc-update-observation.ts"), "utf8"), {
   exports: {}, require: () => ({ fetchApi: async (...args) => { requests.push(args); return {} } }),
 })
+const actionStyle = compile(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, "lib/update-action-style.ts"), "utf8"), { exports: {} })
 assert.equal(requests.length, 0, "loading helpers never schedules a package check")
 const now = Date.parse("2026-10-13T12:00:00Z")
 const recent = { last_check: "2026-10-13T11:59:00Z" }
@@ -41,25 +42,51 @@ for (const lang of ['en', 'sk']) {
 const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, "components/virtual-machines.tsx"), "utf8")
 const tree = ts.createSourceFile("vm.tsx", source, ts.ScriptTarget.Latest, true, ts.ScriptKind.TSX)
 assert.equal(tree.parseDiagnostics.length, 0)
-const wanted = new Set(["checkOsUpdates", "getAggregateUpdateCheck", "renderLxcUpdateBadge"])
+const wanted = new Set(["checkOsUpdates", "getAggregateUpdateCheck", "renderLxcUpdateBadge", "openApplyTerminal", "handleVMControl"])
 const definitions = []
+const preferenceDefinitions = []
 const status = []
 let detailEffect
+let resultEffect
+let resultTimeout
+let osApplyButton
+let bulkApplyButton
+let osSection
 function walk(node) {
+  if (ts.isJsxElement(node) && node.openingElement.tagName.getText(tree) === "div"
+      && node.openingElement.attributes.properties.some(p => p.name?.getText(tree) === "className"
+        && p.initializer?.getText(tree) === '"pb-4"')
+      && node.getText(tree).includes('vmLxc.updates.osPackagesTitle')) osSection = node.getText(tree)
+  if (ts.isJsxElement(node) && node.openingElement.tagName.getText(tree) === "Button"
+      && node.openingElement.attributes.properties.some(p => p.name?.getText(tree) === "onClick"
+        && p.initializer?.getText(tree).includes('openApplyTerminal(selectedVM.vmid, "os", { checkedOs: true })')))
+    osApplyButton = node.getText(tree)
+  if (ts.isJsxElement(node) && node.openingElement.tagName.getText(tree) === "Button"
+      && node.openingElement.attributes.properties.some(p => p.name?.getText(tree) === "onClick"
+        && p.initializer?.getText(tree).includes('applyBulkUpdate(selectedVM.vmid)')))
+    bulkApplyButton = node.getText(tree)
   if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && node.expression.getText(tree) === "useEffect"
       && node.arguments[1]?.getText(tree) === "[selectedVM?.vmid]") {
     detailEffect = node.arguments[0].getText(tree)
   }
+  if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && node.expression.getText(tree) === "useEffect"
+      && node.arguments[1]?.getText(tree) === "[selectedVM, updatesRefreshing, updatesBaselineCount]")
+    resultEffect = node.arguments[0].getText(tree)
+  if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && node.expression.getText(tree) === "useEffect"
+      && node.arguments[1]?.getText(tree) === "[updatesRefreshing]")
+    resultTimeout = node.arguments[0].getText(tree)
   if (ts.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {
     const name = node.name.getText(tree)
     if (wanted.has(name)) definitions.push(`const ${node.getText(tree)};`)
+    if (["applySchedulePayload", "loadSchedule", "loadBulkUpdate"].includes(name))
+      preferenceDefinitions.push(`const ${node.getText(tree)};`)
     if (["osUpdateStale", "osUpdateStatusKnown", "hasOsUpdates"].includes(name))
       status.push(`const ${node.getText(tree)};`)
   }
   ts.forEachChild(node, walk)
 }
 walk(tree)
-assert.equal(definitions.length, 3)
+assert.equal(definitions.length, 5)
 assert.equal(status.length, 3)
 assert.ok(detailEffect)
 let checking = null
@@ -73,27 +100,61 @@ const context = {
   Badge: "Badge", Clock: "Clock", ArrowUpCircle: "Arrow", ChevronRight: "Chevron",
   t: (key, args) => key + (args ? JSON.stringify(args) : ""),
   isLxcUpdateStale: o => helpers.isLxcUpdateStale(o, now),
-  checkLxcUpdates: async id => {
+  getLxcOsUpdateState: o => helpers.getLxcOsUpdateState(o, now),
+  getUpdateActionButtonClass: actionStyle.getUpdateActionButtonClass,
+  refreshCheckLxcUpdates: async id => {
     if (errorToThrow) throw errorToThrow
-    return helpers.checkLxcUpdates(id)
+    requests.push([`/api/vms/${id}/updates/refresh-check`, { method: "POST" }])
+    return { ...recent, available: true, count: 2 }
   },
   fetchApi: async endpoint => { requests.push([endpoint]); return { config: { onboot: 1 }, os_info: { id: "debian" } } },
   mutate: async () => { polls++ },
   selectedVMRef: { current: { vmid: 100 } },
+  osCheckRequestRef: { current: null },
   selectedVM: { vmid: 100 },
   setInterval: (callback, delay) => { context.detailTimer = { callback, delay }; return 1 },
   clearInterval: id => { context.clearedTimer = id },
-  vmModalCacheRef: { current: { details: new Map() } },
+  vmModalCacheRef: { current: { details: new Map(), backups: new Map(), mountPoints: new Map(), schedule: new Map(), firewall: new Map() } },
   setVMDetails: value => { details = value },
   setOsCheckingVmid: value => { checking = value },
   setOsCheckError: value => { displayedError = value },
+  updatesRefreshing: true,
+  updatesBaselineCount: 20,
+  updatesBaselineCountRef: { current: 20 },
+  setUpdatesResult: value => { context.updateResult = value },
+  setUpdatesRefreshing: value => { context.refreshing = value },
+  setUpdatesBaselineCount: value => { context.baseline = value },
+  setTimeout: callback => { context.resultTimer = callback; return 2 },
+  clearTimeout: () => {},
+  Button: "Button", RefreshCw: "Refresh", confirm: () => context.confirmed,
+  window: { crypto: { randomUUID: () => "ui-test-run" } },
+  applyBackupStorage: "", selectedBackupStorage: "", backupStorages: [],
+  osCheckingVmid: null, pendingBtnCls: "pending", upToDateBtnCls: "current", neutralBtnCls: "unknown",
+  bulkApplying: false, bulkTargets: ["os", "app:test"], bulkHasPendingUpdates: true,
+  bulkAllTargetsUpToDate: false, dockerInventoryRefreshing: false, dockerInventoryAvailable: true,
+  controlLoading: false, Package: "Package", Shield: "Shield", CheckCircle2: "Current", AlertTriangle: "Unknown",
+  osCheckError: null, uc: undefined, osUpdateStale: true,
+  setControlLoading: value => { context.controlLoading = value },
+  invalidateLxcApps: () => {}, setSelectedVM: value => { context.selectionChanged = value },
+  alert: value => { context.alerted = value },
 }
+for (const name of ["Vmid", "Target", "RunId", "TargetIds", "TargetLabels", "UpdateCommand", "AppName",
+    "RunHelper", "AllowHelperWithCustom", "DockerStandaloneTargets", "DockerEngine", "DockerRefresh",
+    "BackupStorage", "StartedAt", "Open", "CheckAndUpdate", "CheckedOs"])
+  context[`setApply${name}`] = value => { context[`apply${name}`] = value }
 const ui = compile(definitions.join("\n") + `
 exports.check = checkOsUpdates;
 exports.aggregate = getAggregateUpdateCheck;
 exports.badge = renderLxcUpdateBadge;
 exports.osStatus = (uc) => { ${status.join("\n")} return { osUpdateStatusKnown, hasOsUpdates }; };
 exports.revalidateDetails = ${detailEffect};
+exports.settleResult = ${resultEffect};
+exports.resultTimeout = ${resultTimeout};
+exports.openApply = openApplyTerminal;
+exports.osApplyButton = () => (${osApplyButton});
+exports.bulkApplyButton = () => (${bulkApplyButton});
+exports.osSection = () => (${osSection});
+exports.control = handleVMControl;
 `, context)
 const legacy = { last_check: "2026-10-12T00:00:00Z", available: true, count: 51, stale: true }
 assert.equal(ui.osStatus(legacy).osUpdateStatusKnown, false, "old count must not claim live OS status")
@@ -106,22 +167,285 @@ assert.equal(ui.badge(legacy).props.children[1], "vmLxc.updates.checkStale")
 assert.equal(ui.badge({ ...recent, available: true, count: 2 }).props.children[1], 2)
 assert.equal(ui.badge({ ...recent, available: false, count: 0 }), null)
 assert.equal(requests.length, 0)
+context.updatesRefreshing = false
+for (const [observation, expected] of [
+  [undefined, "unknown"], [legacy, "unknown"], [{ ...recent, error: "failed" }, "unknown"],
+  [{ ...recent, available: false }, "unknown"],
+  [{ ...recent, available: true, count: 0 }, "unknown"],
+  [{ ...recent, available: false, count: 0 }, "current"],
+  [{ ...recent, available: true, count: 3 }, "pending"],
+]) {
+  assert.equal(helpers.getLxcOsUpdateState(observation, now), expected)
+  context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 100, status: "stopped", update_check: observation }
+  context.selectedVM = context.selectedVMRef.current
+  Object.assign(context, ui.osStatus(observation))
+  context.applyOpen = false
+  context.confirmed = true
+  assert.equal(ui.osApplyButton().props.disabled, expected !== "pending")
+  assert.equal(ui.bulkApplyButton().props.disabled, expected === "unknown")
+  ui.openApply(100, "os")
+  assert.equal(context.applyOpen, expected === "pending", "handler must enforce the same boundary as the button")
+}
+context.confirmed = false
+context.applyOpen = false
+ui.openApply(100, "os")
+assert.equal(context.applyOpen, true, "an explicit installation click must not ask for a second stopped-guest confirmation")
+const oldConfirm = context.confirm
+let confirmationCalls = 0
+context.confirm = () => { confirmationCalls++; return false }
+for (const [target, options] of [
+  ['os', { checkedOs: true }],
+  ['both', { updateCommand: 'registered-app-update', targetIds: ['os', 'app:test'] }],
+  ['app', { updateCommand: 'registered-app-update' }],
+  ['app', { dockerEngine: true }],
+  ['app', { dockerStandaloneTargets: ['registered-container'] }],
+]) {
+  context.applyOpen = false
+  ui.openApply(100, target, options)
+  assert.equal(context.applyOpen, true, `explicit ${target} update opens the terminal directly`)
+}
+assert.equal(confirmationCalls, 0, 'ordinary update entry points never open a browser confirmation')
+assert(!source.includes('checkAndUpdate'), 'the abandoned combined check/install action has no UI path')
+assert(!fs.existsSync(path.join(root, '../scripts/lxc/check_apply_updates.sh')))
+context.confirm = oldConfirm
+context.confirmed = true
+context.applyOpen = false
+context.osCheckingVmid = 100
+ui.openApply(100, "os")
+assert.equal(context.applyOpen, false, "checking cannot race an update launch")
+context.osCheckingVmid = null
+context.bulkAllTargetsUpToDate = true
+assert.equal(ui.bulkApplyButton().props.disabled, true)
+context.bulkAllTargetsUpToDate = false
+context.confirmed = true
+context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 100, status: "stopped", update_check: { ...recent, available: false, count: 0 } }
+ui.openApply(100, "both", { updateCommand: "app-updater", targetIds: ["os", "app:test"] })
+assert.equal(context.applyOpen, true, "combined app update remains supported when OS packages are current")
+assert.equal(context.applyUpdateCommand, "app-updater")
+context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 100, status: "running", update_check: { ...recent, error: "failed" } }
+context.applyOpen = false
+ui.openApply(100, "both")
+assert.equal(context.applyOpen, false, "a combined plan cannot bypass unknown OS state")
+ui.openApply(100, "app", { updateCommand: "app-updater" })
+assert.equal(context.applyOpen, true, "app-only updates do not depend on OS package observation")
+function collectButtons(node) {
+  if (!node || typeof node !== "object") return []
+  if (Array.isArray(node)) return node.flatMap(collectButtons)
+  return [...(node.type === "Button" ? [node] : []), ...collectButtons(node.props?.children)]
+}
+function collectText(node) {
+  if (typeof node === "string") return node
+  if (!node || typeof node !== "object") return ""
+  if (Array.isArray(node)) return node.map(collectText).join(" ")
+  return collectText(node.props?.children)
+}
+for (const observation of [undefined, legacy, { ...recent, error: "check in progress" },
+  { ...recent, available: false, count: 0 }, { ...recent, available: true, count: 3 }]) {
+  context.selectedVM = { vmid: 100, status: "running" }
+  context.uc = observation
+  context.osUpdateStale = helpers.isLxcUpdateStale(observation, now)
+  Object.assign(context, ui.osStatus(observation))
+  context.osCheckingVmid = 100
+  const rendered = ui.osSection()
+  assert.match(collectText(rendered), /vmLxc\.updates\.checkInProgress/,
+    "an active check takes precedence over old, missing and invalidated observations")
+  assert.doesNotMatch(collectText(rendered), /osStatusUnavailable|osUpToDate|noPending/)
+  assert.equal(collectButtons(rendered).length, 1, "hide the previous result during a check")
+  context.osCheckingVmid = 211
+  assert.doesNotMatch(collectText(ui.osSection()), /checkInProgress/,
+    "another container's check cannot replace this container's result")
+}
+context.osCheckingVmid = null
+context.uc = { ...recent, error: "check failed" }
+Object.assign(context, ui.osStatus(context.uc))
+assert.match(collectText(ui.osSection()), /osStatusUnavailable/, "completed failures remain visible")
+for (const status of ["running", "stopped"]) {
+  for (const observation of [undefined, legacy, { ...recent, error: 'read failed' },
+    { ...recent, available: true, count: 0 },
+    { ...recent, available: false, count: 0 }, { ...recent, available: true, count: 3 }]) {
+    context.selectedVM = { vmid: 100, status, update_check: observation }
+    context.selectedVMRef.current = context.selectedVM
+    context.uc = observation
+    context.osUpdateStale = helpers.isLxcUpdateStale(observation, now)
+    Object.assign(context, ui.osStatus(observation))
+    const buttons = collectButtons(ui.osSection())
+    assert.equal(buttons.length, context.osUpdateStatusKnown ? 2 : 1,
+      'retain the original bottom-right OS status when a verified zero is available')
+    assert.equal(buttons[0].props.children[1], "vmLxc.updates.checkSystemPackages")
+    if (context.osUpdateStatusKnown && !context.hasOsUpdates) {
+      const currentStatus = buttons[1]
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.asChild, true, 'current is a status, not an installation action')
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.onClick, undefined)
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.className, context.upToDateBtnCls)
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.children.type, 'span')
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.children.props.role, 'status')
+      assert.equal(currentStatus.props.children.props.children, 'vmLxc.updates.osUpToDate')
+    }
+    assert.equal((osSection.match(/vmLxc\.updates\.refreshCheckHelp/g) || []).length, 1,
+      'keep the explanation in the check tooltip without duplicating it as an inline paragraph')
+    if (status === "stopped") {
+      context.applyOpen = false
+      context.confirmed = false
+      ui.openApply(100, "os", { checkedOs: true })
+      assert.equal(context.applyOpen, context.hasOsUpdates, "explicit OS installation has no second popup")
+      if (context.hasOsUpdates) assert.equal(context.applyCheckedOs, true)
+    }
+  }
+}
+context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 100, status: "running" }
+context.updatesRefreshing = true
+context.selectedVM = { update_check: { count: 0, error: "verification failed" } }
+ui.settleResult()
+assert.equal(context.updateResult, null, "unknown must not produce an all-updated banner")
+context.selectedVMRef.current = context.selectedVM
+ui.resultTimeout()
+context.resultTimer()
+assert.equal(context.updateResult, null, "timeout must not turn an unknown observation into success")
+context.selectedVM = { update_check: { count: 0, error: null } }
+ui.settleResult()
+assert.equal(context.updateResult.pendingAfter, 0)
+assert.equal(context.updateResult.appliedCount, 20)
+context.selectedVM = { vmid: 100 }
+context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 100 }
 
 ;(async () => {
+  // Execute the actual loaders with delayed GETs to test guest isolation.
+  const preferenceState = {}
+  const pendingReads = []
+  const preferenceContext = {
+    exports: {}, CRON_PRESETS: [{ value: "daily-3am", cron: "0 3 * * *" }],
+    selectedVMRef: { current: { vmid: 213 } },
+    scheduleLoadRequestRef: { current: 0 }, bulkLoadRequestRef: { current: 0 },
+    vmModalCacheRef: { current: { schedule: new Map() } },
+    t: key => key,
+    fetchApi: (url, options) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      assert.equal(options, undefined, "loading preferences never writes or starts an update")
+      pendingReads.push({ url, resolve, reject })
+    }),
+  }
+  for (const name of ["ScheduleEnabled", "ScheduleConfigured", "ScheduleCron", "SchedulePreset",
+    "ScheduleTarget", "ScheduleTargets", "ScheduleReleaseDelayDays", "ApplyBackup", "ApplyBackupStorage",
+    "ApplyRestart", "ScheduleLastRunAt", "ScheduleLastRunStatus", "ScheduleLastRunReason", "ScheduleLastRunLog",
+    "ScheduleLastRunRebootRequired", "ScheduleLastRunRebootPackages", "ExternalCron", "ScheduleError",
+    "ScheduleLoaded", "BulkError", "BulkLoaded", "BulkEditMode", "BulkConfigured", "BulkTargets", "BulkPersistedTargets"])
+    preferenceContext[`set${name}`] = value => { preferenceState[name] = value }
+  assert.equal(preferenceDefinitions.length, 3)
+  const preferences = compile(preferenceDefinitions.join("\n") + `
+    exports.apply = applySchedulePayload; exports.schedule = loadSchedule; exports.bulk = loadBulkUpdate;
+  `, preferenceContext)
+  preferences.apply({ backup: true, backup_storage: "local", restart: true })
+  preferences.apply({})
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackup, false, "a guest without saved options cannot inherit backup")
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackupStorage, "", "missing storage clears another guest's choice")
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyRestart, false, "missing restart cannot inherit a reboot")
+  preferences.apply({ backup: false, backup_storage: "", restart: false })
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackupStorage, "")
+  preferenceContext.vmModalCacheRef.current.schedule.set(213, { backup: true, backup_storage: "local", restart: true })
+  const previousSchedule = preferences.schedule(213)
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackup, true, "use only the selected guest's own cache")
+  preferenceContext.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 210 }
+  const currentSchedule = preferences.schedule(210)
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackup, false, "clear inherited options before the GET completes")
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyRestart, false)
+  pendingReads[1].resolve({})
+  await currentSchedule
+  pendingReads[0].resolve({ backup: true, backup_storage: "wrong", restart: true })
+  await previousSchedule
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackup, false)
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ScheduleLoaded, 210, "old completion cannot mark another guest loaded")
+  const older = preferences.schedule(210)
+  const newer = preferences.schedule(210)
+  pendingReads[3].resolve({ backup: true, backup_storage: "new", restart: false })
+  await newer
+  pendingReads[2].resolve({ backup: false, backup_storage: "old", restart: true })
+  await older
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyBackupStorage, "new", "only the latest request may publish preferences")
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ApplyRestart, false)
+  const closed = preferences.schedule(210)
+  const closedState = JSON.stringify(preferenceState)
+  preferenceContext.selectedVMRef.current = null
+  pendingReads[4].reject(new Error("old guest failure"))
+  await closed
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify(preferenceState), closedState, "closing the modal forbids late error and loaded writes")
+  preferenceContext.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 213 }
+  const oldBulk = preferences.bulk(213)
+  preferenceContext.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 210 }
+  const newBulk = preferences.bulk(210)
+  pendingReads[6].resolve({ targets: ["os", "app:ghstats"] })
+  await newBulk
+  pendingReads[5].resolve({ targets: ["os", "docker-engine"] })
+  await oldBulk
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify(preferenceState.BulkTargets), '["os","app:ghstats"]')
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.BulkLoaded, 210)
+  const oldBulkSameGuest = preferences.bulk(210)
+  const newBulkSameGuest = preferences.bulk(210)
+  pendingReads[8].resolve({ targets: ["os", "docker-engine"] })
+  await newBulkSameGuest
+  pendingReads[7].reject(new Error("superseded bulk failure"))
+  await oldBulkSameGuest
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.BulkError, null)
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify(preferenceState.BulkTargets), '["os","docker-engine"]')
+  const failedSchedule = preferences.schedule(210)
+  pendingReads[9].resolve(null)
+  await failedSchedule
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.ScheduleError, "vmLxc.scheduled.loadFailed", "invalid responses are failed reads")
+  const failedBulk = preferences.bulk(210)
+  pendingReads[10].resolve([])
+  await failedBulk
+  assert.equal(preferenceState.BulkError, "vmLxc.bulkUpdate.loadFailed")
+  const closedBulk = preferences.bulk(210)
+  const closedBulkState = JSON.stringify(preferenceState)
+  preferenceContext.selectedVMRef.current = null
+  pendingReads[11].resolve({ targets: ["os", "app:wrong-guest"] })
+  await closedBulk
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify(preferenceState), closedBulkState)
+  const readsBeforeClosedLoad = pendingReads.length
+  await preferences.schedule(210)
+  await preferences.bulk(210)
+  assert.equal(pendingReads.length, readsBeforeClosedLoad, "an unselected guest cannot start a preferences GET")
+  assert(pendingReads.every(read => /\/(schedule|bulk-update)$/.test(read.url)), "no guest or updater routes")
+  // Exercise the real separate helper: POST submits, GET waits, no apply.
+  const io = []
+  let jobState = 'running'
+  const jobHelpers = compile(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, 'lib/lxc-update-observation.ts'), 'utf8'), {
+    exports: {}, Date, setTimeout: callback => { jobState = 'complete'; callback() },
+    require: () => ({ fetchApi: async (url, opts) => {
+      io.push([url, opts])
+      if (opts?.method === 'POST') return { job_id: 'check-only' }
+      return { state: jobState, update_check: { count: 0, available: false }, error: 'index failed' }
+    } }),
+  })
+  assert.equal((await jobHelpers.refreshCheckLxcUpdates(100)).count, 0)
+  assert.equal(io[0][0], '/api/vms/100/updates/refresh-check')
+  assert.equal(io.filter(entry => entry[1]?.method === 'POST').length, 1)
+  assert(io.slice(1).every(entry => entry[0].endsWith('/refresh-check/check-only')))
+  jobState = 'failed'
+  await assert.rejects(jobHelpers.refreshCheckLxcUpdates(100), /osStatusUnavailable/)
+  io.length = 0
+  await jobHelpers.checkLxcUpdates(100)
+  assert.equal(io[0][0], '/api/vms/100/updates/check', 'legacy helper retains read-only endpoint')
+  context.applyOpen = false
+  context.updatesRefreshing = false
   await ui.check(100)
-  assert.equal(requests[0][0], "/api/vms/100/updates/check")
+  assert.equal(requests[0][0], "/api/vms/100/updates/refresh-check")
   assert.equal(requests[0][1].method, "POST")
   assert.equal(requests[1][0], "/api/vms/100")
-  assert.equal(polls, 1)
+  assert.equal(polls, 2)
   assert.equal(details.os_info.id, "debian")
   assert.equal(checking, null)
+  errorToThrow = new Error('raw transport error must not appear in translated UI')
+  await ui.check(100)
+  assert.equal(displayedError, 'vmLxc.updates.osStatusUnavailable')
+  errorToThrow = new Error('checkStillRunning')
+  await ui.check(100)
+  assert.equal(displayedError, 'vmLxc.updates.checkStillRunning')
   const before = requests.length
   errorToThrow = { status: 429, body: { retry_after: 60 } }
   await ui.check(100)
   assert.match(displayedError, /checkCooldown.*60/)
   assert.equal(checking, null)
   assert.equal(requests.length, before)
-  assert.equal(polls, 1)
+  assert.equal(polls, 2)
   // Switching guests while a request runs must not replace another modal.
   errorToThrow = null
   context.selectedVMRef.current = { vmid: 200 }
@@ -143,9 +467,11 @@ assert.equal(requests.length, 0)
   assert.equal(context.clearedTimer, 1)
   for (const locale of ["en", "sk"]) {
     const messages = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, `messages/${locale}/common.json`))).vmLxc.updates
-    for (const key of ["checkNow", "checkReadOnlyHelp", "checkCooldown", "checkStale", "checkStaleHelp"])
+    for (const key of ["checkNow", "checkReadOnlyHelp", "checkCooldown", "checkStale", "checkStaleHelp",
+      "checkBeforeUpdate", "startBeforeCheck", "notCheckedYet",
+      "checkStillRunning"])
       assert.ok(messages[key]?.trim())
     assert.match(messages.checkCooldown, /\{seconds\}/)
   }
-  console.log("PASS observed-state UI: freshness, badges, safe button, cooldown, modal isolation, EN/SK")
+  console.log("PASS observed-state UI: freshness, safe actions, per-guest preferences/bulk races, EN/SK")
 })().catch(error => { console.error(error); process.exitCode = 1 })

tests/lxc_updates/test_update_status_ui.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Execute the real Updates JSX and handlers with independent state fixtures.
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+const fs = require('node:fs')
+const path = require('node:path')
+const vm = require('node:vm')
+const root = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../AppImage')
+const ts = require(path.join(root, 'node_modules/typescript'))
+const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, 'components/virtual-machines.tsx'), 'utf8')
+const tree = ts.createSourceFile('vm.tsx', source, ts.ScriptTarget.Latest, true, ts.ScriptKind.TSX)
+let appRender, bulkRender, checkButton, checkHandler
+const declarations = []
+function walk(node) {
+  if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && node.expression.getText(tree) === 'appSections.map') appRender = node.arguments[0].getText(tree)
+  if (ts.isConditionalExpression(node) && node.condition.getText(tree) === 'bulkConfigured'
+    && node.whenTrue.getText(tree).includes('applyBulkUpdate(')) bulkRender = node.whenTrue.getText(tree)
+  if (ts.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {
+    if (node.name.getText(tree) === 'checkOsUpdates') checkHandler = node.getText(tree)
+    if (['selectedBulkUpdateStates', 'bulkHasPendingUpdates', 'bulkAllTargetsUpToDate', 'bulkHasUnknownTargets'].includes(node.name.getText(tree)))
+      declarations.push('const ' + node.getText(tree) + ';')
+  }
+  if (ts.isJsxElement(node) && node.openingElement.tagName.getText(tree) === 'Button'
+    && node.openingElement.attributes.getText(tree).includes('checkOsUpdates(selectedVM.vmid)')) checkButton = node.getText(tree)
+  ts.forEachChild(node, walk)
+}
+walk(tree)
+assert(appRender && bulkRender && checkButton && checkHandler)
+function compile(code, context) {
+  const result = ts.transpileModule(code, {compilerOptions: {target: ts.ScriptTarget.ES2020,
+    module: ts.ModuleKind.CommonJS, jsx: ts.JsxEmit.ReactJSX}, reportDiagnostics: true})
+  assert.equal(result.diagnostics.length, 0)
+  vm.runInNewContext(result.outputText, context)
+  return context.exports
+}
+function flatten(node) {
+  if (Array.isArray(node)) return node.flatMap(flatten)
+  return node && typeof node === 'object' ? [node, ...flatten(node.props?.children)] : []
+}
+function text(node) {
+  if (Array.isArray(node)) return node.map(text).join(' ')
+  return node && typeof node === 'object' ? text(node.props?.children) : typeof node === 'string' ? node : ''
+}
+for (const locale of ['en', 'sk']) {
+  const messages = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, `messages/${locale}/common.json`)))
+  const t = key => key.split('.').reduce((o, part) => o?.[part], messages) ?? key
+  const calls = []
+  const context = {exports: {}, t, customCmdEditingApp: null, uc: null, helperExists: false,
+    helperUsesWebUpdater: false, selectedVM: {vmid: 210}, openCustomCmdEditor() {},
+    openApplyTerminal: (...args) => calls.push(args), getUpdateActionButtonClass: () => 'original-style',
+    bulkApplying: false, osCheckingVmid: null, updatesRefreshing: false, controlLoading: false,
+    applyOpen: false, osUpdateStatusKnown: true, hasOsUpdates: false,
+    dockerEngineHasUpdate: false, dockerEngineUpToDate: true, dockerInventoryRefreshing: false,
+    dockerInventoryAvailable: true, dockerUpdateUnits: [], selectedBulkLabels: ['OS', 'Custom app'],
+    bulkTargets: ['os', 'app:custom'], applyBulkUpdate: () => calls.push('bulk'), checkOsUpdates() {},
+    require: () => ({jsx: (type, props) => ({type, props}), jsxs: (type, props) => ({type, props})})}
+  for (const name of ['Button', 'Package', 'Settings2', 'ArrowUpCircle', 'CheckCircle2', 'RefreshCw', 'Pin', 'Loader2']) context[name] = name
+  const ui = compile('exports.app = (' + appRender + '); exports.check = () => (' + checkButton + ');', context)
+  const original = {id: 'custom', name: 'Custom app', installed_via: 'manual', installed_version: null,
+    latest_version: '2.0', update_available: null, update_command: 'approved-command', checked_at: '2026-10-14T10:43:19Z'}
+  const before = JSON.stringify(original)
+  const rendered = ui.app(original)
+  assert.match(text(rendered), locale === 'sk' ? /Nainštalovaná verzia nie je overená/ : /Installed version is unverified/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(text(rendered), /Čaká sa|pending|upstreamAvailable/)
+  const action = flatten(rendered).find(n => n.type === 'Button')
+  assert.equal(text(action).trim(), locale === 'sk' ? 'Spustiť vlastný príkaz' : 'Run custom command')
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 0, 'render/check timestamp must not execute an updater')
+  action.props.onClick()
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 1)
+  assert.equal(calls[0][0], 210)
+  assert.equal(calls[0][1], 'app')
+  assert.equal(calls[0][2].updateCommand, 'approved-command')
+  assert.deepEqual(Array.from(calls[0][2].targetIds), ['app:custom'])
+  assert.equal(JSON.stringify(original), before, 'UI must not confirm or edit the stored version')
+  calls.length = 0
+  const knownVersion = ui.app({...original, installed_version: '1.0'})
+  assert(text(knownVersion).includes('1.0'), 'keep the known installed version when comparison is unavailable')
+  assert.doesNotMatch(text(knownVersion), /Čaká sa|Version tracking pending/)
+  const noDetector = ui.app({...original, installed_via: undefined})
+  assert(text(noDetector).includes(t('vmLxc.updates.versionTrackingNotConfigured')))
+  assert.equal(text(flatten(noDetector).find(n => n.type === 'Button')).trim(), t('vmLxc.updates.runCustomCommand'))
+  assert.equal(text(ui.check()).trim(), locale === 'sk' ? 'Skontrolovať balíky systému' : 'Check system packages')
+  for (const installed_via of ['binary', 'file', 'dpkg', 'apk']) {
+    const unavailable = ui.app({...original, installed_via, error: 'probe failed'})
+    assert.match(text(unavailable), locale === 'sk' ? /Dostupnosť aktualizácie nie je overená/ : /Update availability is unverified/)
+    assert.doesNotMatch(text(unavailable), /Čaká sa|next scheduled|upToDateAtLabel/)
+  }
+  const current = {...original, installed_version: '2.0', update_available: false}
+  const pending = {...original, installed_version: '1.0', update_available: true}
+  assert(text(ui.app(current)).includes(t('vmLxc.updates.upToDateAtLabel')))
+  assert(text(ui.app(pending)).includes(t('vmLxc.updates.installedLabel')))
+  assert.equal(text(flatten(ui.app(pending)).find(n => n.type === 'Button')).trim(), t('vmLxc.updates.applyUpdate'))
+  assert(!flatten(ui.app({...original, update_command: ''})).some(n => n.type === 'Button'), 'no command means no execution')
+  function bulk(app, osKnown = true, extra = {}) {
+    return compile(declarations.join('\n') + '\nexports.rendered=(' + bulkRender + ');',
+      {...context, exports: {}, registeredApps: [app], osUpdateStatusKnown: osKnown, ...extra}).rendered
+  }
+  const unknownBulk = bulk(original)
+  assert.match(text(unknownBulk), locale === 'sk' ? /nie je overená/ : /is unverified/)
+  assert.equal(flatten(unknownBulk).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, false, 'preserve explicit manual execution')
+  assert.equal(flatten(bulk(current)).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, true)
+  assert.equal(flatten(bulk(original, false)).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, true, 'unknown OS blocks bulk')
+  assert.equal(flatten(bulk(original, true, {bulkApplying: true})).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, true)
+  const mixed = bulk(pending, true, {registeredApps: [pending, {...original, id: 'unknown'}],
+    bulkTargets: ['os', 'app:custom', 'app:unknown']})
+  assert.match(text(mixed), locale === 'sk' ? /nie je overená/ : /is unverified/)
+  assert.equal(flatten(mixed).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, false)
+  const imageUnavailable = bulk(original, true, {bulkTargets: ['os', 'docker-unit:one'], dockerInventoryAvailable: false})
+  assert.equal(flatten(imageUnavailable).find(n => n.type === 'Button').props.disabled, true, 'unavailable image cannot be run')
+  assert.doesNotMatch(text(bulk(pending)), locale === 'sk' ? /nie je overená/ : /is unverified/)
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 0, 'all status fixtures are side-effect free')
+}
+;(async () => {
+  const context = {exports: {}, osCheckRequestRef: {current: null}, applyOpen: false, controlLoading: false,
+    selectedVMRef: {current: {vmid: 210}}, vmModalCacheRef: {current: {details: new Map()}},
+    setOsCheckingVmid() {}, setOsCheckError() {}, setSelectedVM() {}, setVMDetails() {}, mutate: async () => {},
+    t: key => key, requests: []}
+  context.refreshCheckLxcUpdates = async vmid => {context.requests.push(['check', vmid]); return {count: 0}}
+  context.fetchApi = async (url, options) => {context.requests.push([url, options]); return {}}
+  const handler = compile('const ' + checkHandler + '; exports.check = checkOsUpdates;', context)
+  await handler.check(210)
+  assert.deepEqual(context.requests, [['check', 210], ['/api/vms/210', undefined]])
+  context.requests.length = 0
+  for (const guard of ['applyOpen', 'controlLoading']) {
+    context[guard] = true
+    await handler.check(210)
+    context[guard] = false
+  }
+  assert.equal(context.requests.length, 0, 'blocked checks make no API/probe requests')
+  console.log('PASS common update status: EN/SK unknown/current/pending/error/custom/no-command/bulk/OS check guards; actual JSX and handlers')
+})().catch(error => {console.error(error); process.exitCode = 1})