platformio.ini: Adjust defaults for LoRa frequncies and advert interval limits

Change advert on boot from flood to zero hop

README.md

@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ Here are some general principals you should try to adhere to:
 
 There are a number of fairly major features in the pipeline, with no particular time-frames attached yet. In very rough chronological order:
 - [X] Companion radio: UI redesign
-- [ ] Repeater + Room Server: add ACL's (like Sensor Node has)
-- [ ] Standardise Bridge mode for repeaters
+- [X] Repeater + Room Server: add ACL's (like Sensor Node has)
+- [X] Standardise Bridge mode for repeaters
 - [ ] Repeater/Bridge: Standardise the Transport Codes for zoning/filtering
-- [ ] Core + Repeater: enhanced zero-hop neighbour discovery
+- [X] Core + Repeater: enhanced zero-hop neighbour discovery
 - [ ] Core: round-trip manual path support
 - [ ] Companion + Apps: support for multiple sub-meshes (and 'off-grid' client repeat mode)
 - [ ] Core + Apps: support for LZW message compression
@@ -113,12 +113,3 @@ There are a number of fairly major features in the pipeline, with no particular
 - Report bugs and request features on the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/ripplebiz/MeshCore/issues) page.
 - Find additional guides and components on [my site](https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz).
 - Join [MeshCore Discord](https://discord.gg/BMwCtwHj5V) to chat with the developers and get help from the community.
-
-## RAK Wireless Board Support in PlatformIO
-
-Before building/flashing the RAK4631 targets in this project, there is, unfortunately, some patching you have to do to your platformIO packages to make it work. There is a guide here on the process:
-   [RAK Wireless: How to Perform Installation of Board Support Package in PlatformIO](https://learn.rakwireless.com/hc/en-us/articles/26687276346775-How-To-Perform-Installation-of-Board-Support-Package-in-PlatformIO)
-
-After building, you will need to convert the output firmware.hex file into a .uf2 file you can copy over to your RAK4631 device (after doing a full erase) by using the command `uf2conv.py -f 0xADA52840 -c firmware.hex` with the python script available from:
-   [GitHub: Microsoft - uf2](https://github.com/Microsoft/uf2/blob/master/utils/uf2conv.py)
-

docs/faq.md

@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ author: https://github.com/LitBomb<!-- omit from toc -->
   - [3.2. Q: Do I need to set the location for a repeater?](#32-q-do-i-need-to-set-the-location-for-a-repeater)
   - [3.3. Q: What is the password to administer a repeater or a room server?](#33-q-what-is-the-password-to-administer-a-repeater-or-a-room-server)
   - [3.4. Q: What is the password to join a room server?](#34-q-what-is-the-password-to-join-a-room-server)
+  - [3.5. Q: Can I retrieve a repeater's private key or set a repeater's private key?](#35-q-can-i-retrieve-a-repeaters-private-key-or-set-a-repeaters-private-key)
+  - [3.6. Q: The first byte of my repeater's public key collides with an exisitng repeater on the mesh.  How do I get a new private key with a matching public key that has its first byte of my choosing?](#36-q-the-first-byte-of-my-repeaters-public-key-collides-with-an-exisitng-repeater-on-the-mesh--how-do-i-get-a-new-private-key-with-a-matching-public-key-that-has-its-first-byte-of-my-choosing)
+  - [3.7. Q: My repeater maybe suffering from deafness due to high power interference near my mesh's frequency, it is not hearing other in-range MeshCore radios.  what can I do?](#37-q-my-repeater-maybe-suffering-from-deafness-due-to-high-power-interference-near-my-meshs-frequency-it-is-not-hearing-other-in-range-meshcore-radios--what-can-i-do)
+  - [3.8 Q: How do I make my repeater an observer on the mesh](#38-q-how-do-i-make-my-repeater-an-observer-on-the-mesh)
 - [4. T-Deck Related](#4-t-deck-related)
   - [4.1. Q: Is there a user guide for T-Deck, T-Pager, T-Watch, or T-Display Pro?](#41-q-is-there-a-user-guide-for-t-deck-t-pager-t-watch-or-t-display-pro)
   - [4.2. Q: What are the steps to get a T-Deck into DFU (Device Firmware Update) mode?](#42-q-what-are-the-steps-to-get-a-t-deck-into-dfu-device-firmware-update-mode)
@@ -61,22 +65,31 @@ author: https://github.com/LitBomb<!-- omit from toc -->
     - [5.14.3. Python MeshCore](#5143-python-meshcore)
     - [5.14.4. meshcore-cli](#5144-meshcore-cli)
     - [5.14.5. meshcore.js](#5145-meshcorejs)
+    - [5.14.6. pyMC\_core](#5146-pymc_core)
+    - [5.14.7. MeshCore Packet Decoder](#5147-meshcore-packet-decoder)
+    - [5.14.8. meshcore-pi](#5148-meshcore-pi)
+    - [5.14.9. pyMC\_Repeater](#5149-pymc_repeater)
+  - [5.15. Q: Are there client applications for Windows or Mac?](#515-q-are-there-client-applications-for-windows-or-mac)
+  - [5.16. Q: Are there any resources that compare MeshCore to other LoRa systems?](#516-q-are-there-any-resources-that-compare-meshcore-to-other-lora-systems)
 - [6. Troubleshooting](#6-troubleshooting)
   - [6.1. Q: My client says another client or a repeater or a room server was last seen many, many days ago.](#61-q-my-client-says-another-client-or-a-repeater-or-a-room-server-was-last-seen-many-many-days-ago)
   - [6.2. Q: A repeater or a client or a room server I expect to see on my discover list (on T-Deck) or contact list (on a smart device client) are not listed.](#62-q-a-repeater-or-a-client-or-a-room-server-i-expect-to-see-on-my-discover-list-on-t-deck-or-contact-list-on-a-smart-device-client-are-not-listed)
   - [6.3. Q: How to connect to a repeater via BLE (Bluetooth)?](#63-q-how-to-connect-to-a-repeater-via-ble-bluetooth)
   - [6.4. Q: My companion isn't showing up over Bluetooth?](#64-q-my-companion-isnt-showing-up-over-bluetooth)
-  - [6.5. Q: I can't connect via Bluetooth, what is the Bluetooth pairing code?](#64-q-i-cant-connect-via-bluetooth-what-is-the-bluetooth-pairing-code)
-  - [6.6. Q: My Heltec V3 keeps disconnecting from my smartphone.  It can't hold a solid Bluetooth connection.](#65-q-my-heltec-v3-keeps-disconnecting-from-my-smartphone--it-cant-hold-a-solid-bluetooth-connection)
-  - [6.7. Q: My RAK/T1000-E/xiao\_nRF52 device seems to be corrupted, how do I wipe it clean to start fresh?](#66-q-my-rakt1000-exiao_nrf52-device-seems-to-be-corrupted-how-do-i-wipe-it-clean-to-start-fresh)
-  - [6.8. Q: WebFlasher fails on Linux with failed to open](#67-q-webflasher-fails-on-linux-with-failed-to-open)
+  - [6.5. Q: I can't connect via Bluetooth, what is the Bluetooth pairing code?](#65-q-i-cant-connect-via-bluetooth-what-is-the-bluetooth-pairing-code)
+  - [6.6. Q: My Heltec V3 keeps disconnecting from my smartphone.  It can't hold a solid Bluetooth connection.](#66-q-my-heltec-v3-keeps-disconnecting-from-my-smartphone--it-cant-hold-a-solid-bluetooth-connection)
+  - [6.7. Q: My RAK/T1000-E/xiao\_nRF52 device seems to be corrupted, how do I wipe it clean to start fresh?](#67-q-my-rakt1000-exiao_nrf52-device-seems-to-be-corrupted-how-do-i-wipe-it-clean-to-start-fresh)
+  - [6.8. Q: WebFlasher fails on Linux with failed to open](#68-q-webflasher-fails-on-linux-with-failed-to-open)
 - [7. Other Questions:](#7-other-questions)
   - [7.1. Q: How to update nRF (RAK, T114, Seed XIAO) repeater and room server firmware over the air using the new simpler DFU app?](#71-q-how-to-update-nrf-rak-t114-seed-xiao-repeater-and-room-server-firmware-over-the-air-using-the-new-simpler-dfu-app)
+    - [7.1.1 Q: Can I update Seeed Studio Wio Tracker L1 Pro using OTA?](#711-q-can-i-update-seeed-studio-wio-tracker-l1-pro-using-ota)
   - [7.2. Q: How to update ESP32-based devices over the air?](#72-q-how-to-update-esp32-based-devices-over-the-air)
   - [7.3. Q: Is there a way to lower the chance of a failed OTA device firmware update (DFU)?](#73-q-is-there-a-way-to-lower-the-chance-of-a-failed-ota-device-firmware-update-dfu)
   - [7.4. Q: are the MeshCore logo and font available?](#74-q-are-the-meshcore-logo-and-font-available)
   - [7.5. Q: What is the format of a contact or channel QR code?](#75-q-what-is-the-format-of-a-contact-or-channel-qr-code)
-  - [7.6. Q: How do I connect to the companion via WIFI, e.g. using a heltec v3?](#76-q-how-do-i-connect-to-the-comnpanion-via-wifi-eg-using-a-heltec-v3)
+  - [7.6. Q: How do I connect to the companion via WIFI, e.g. using a heltec v3?](#76-q-how-do-i-connect-to-the-companion-via-wifi-eg-using-a-heltec-v3)
+  - [7.7. Q: I have a Station G2, or a Heltec V4, or an Ikoka Stick, or a radio with a EByte E22-900M30S or a E22-900M33S module, what should their transmit power be set to?](#77-q-i-have-a-station-g2-or-a-heltec-v4-or-an-ikoka-stick-or-a-radio-with-a-ebyte-e22-900m30s-or-a-e22-900m33s-module-what-should-their-transmit-power-be-set-to)
+- [| | High Output | 22 dBm | 28 dBm | |](#--high-output--22-dbm--28-dbm--)
 
 ## 1. Introduction
 
@@ -91,7 +104,7 @@ MeshCore is free and open source:
 * The T-Deck firmware is developed by Scott at Ripple Radios, the creator of MeshCore, is also free to flash on your devices and use
 
 
-Some more advanced, but optional features are available on T-Deck if you register your device for a key to unlock.  On the MeshCore smartphone clients for Android and iOS/iPadOS, you can unlock the wait timer for repeater and room server remote management over RF feature. 
+Some more advanced, but optional features are available on T-Deck if you register your device for a key to unlock.  On the MeshCore smartphone clients for Android and iOS/iPadOS, you can unlock the wait timer for repeater and room server remote management over RF feature.
 
 These features are completely optional and aren't needed for the core messaging experience. They're like super bonus features and to help the developers continue to work on these amazing features, they may charge a small fee for an unlock code to utilise the advanced features.
 
@@ -105,7 +118,7 @@ Anyone is able to build anything they like on top of MeshCore without paying any
  MeshCore Firmware GitHub: https://github.com/ripplebiz/MeshCore
 
  NOTE: Andy Kirby has a very useful [intro video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1qne8uJBAc) for beginners.
- 
+
 
  You need LoRa hardware devices to run MeshCore firmware as clients or server (repeater and room server).
 
@@ -114,7 +127,7 @@ MeshCore is available on a variety of 433MHz, 868MHz and 915MHz LoRa devices. Fo
 
 For an up-to-date list of supported devices, please go to https://flasher.meshcore.co.uk/
 
-To use MeshCore without using a phone as the client interface, you can run MeshCore on a LiLygo's T-Deck, T-Deck Plus, T-Pager, T-Watch, or T-Display Pro. MeshCore Ultra firmware running on these devices are a complete off-grid secure communication solution.  
+To use MeshCore without using a phone as the client interface, you can run MeshCore on a LiLygo's T-Deck, T-Deck Plus, T-Pager, T-Watch, or T-Display Pro. MeshCore Ultra firmware running on these devices are a complete off-grid secure communication solution.
 
 #### 1.2.2. Firmware
 MeshCore has four firmware types that are not available on other LoRa systems. MeshCore has the following:
@@ -122,30 +135,30 @@ MeshCore has four firmware types that are not available on other LoRa systems. M
 #### 1.2.3. Companion Radio Firmware
 Companion radios are for connecting to the Android app or web app as a messenger client. There are two different companion radio firmware versions:
 
-1. **BLE Companion**  
-   BLE Companion firmware runs on a supported LoRa device and connects to a smart device running the Android or iOS MeshCore client over BLE 
+1. **BLE Companion**
+   BLE Companion firmware runs on a supported LoRa device and connects to a smart device running the Android or iOS MeshCore client over BLE
    <https://meshcore.co.uk/apps.html>
 
-2. **USB Serial Companion**  
-   USB Serial Companion firmware runs on a supported LoRa device and connects to a smart device or a computer over USB Serial running the MeshCore web client  
-   <https://meshcore.liamcottle.net/#/>  
+2. **USB Serial Companion**
+   USB Serial Companion firmware runs on a supported LoRa device and connects to a smart device or a computer over USB Serial running the MeshCore web client
+   <https://meshcore.liamcottle.net/#/>
    <https://client.meshcore.co.uk/tabs/devices>
 
 #### 1.2.4. Repeater
-Repeaters are used to extend the range of a MeshCore network. Repeater firmware runs on the same devices that run client firmware. A repeater's job is to forward MeshCore packets to the destination device. It does **not** forward or retransmit every packet it receives, unlike other LoRa mesh systems.  
+Repeaters are used to extend the range of a MeshCore network. Repeater firmware runs on the same devices that run client firmware. A repeater's job is to forward MeshCore packets to the destination device. It does **not** forward or retransmit every packet it receives, unlike other LoRa mesh systems.
 
 A repeater can be remotely administered using a T-Deck running the MeshCore firmware with remote administration features unlocked, or from a BLE Companion client connected to a smartphone running the MeshCore app.
 
 #### 1.2.5. Room Server
-A room server is a simple BBS server for sharing posts. T-Deck devices running MeshCore firmware or a BLE Companion client connected to a smartphone running the MeshCore app can connect to a room server. 
+A room server is a simple BBS server for sharing posts. T-Deck devices running MeshCore firmware or a BLE Companion client connected to a smartphone running the MeshCore app can connect to a room server.
 
 Room servers store message history on them and push the stored messages to users.  Room servers allow roaming users to come back later and retrieve message history.  With channels, messages are either received when it's sent, or not received and missed if the channel user is out of range.  Room servers are different and more like email servers where you can come back later and get your emails from your mail server.
 
-A room server can be remotely administered using a T-Deck running the MeshCore firmware with remote administration features unlocked, or from a BLE Companion client connected to a smartphone running the MeshCore app.  
+A room server can be remotely administered using a T-Deck running the MeshCore firmware with remote administration features unlocked, or from a BLE Companion client connected to a smartphone running the MeshCore app.
 
 When a client logs into a room server, the client will receive the previously 32 unseen messages.
 
-Although room server can also repeat with the command line command `set repeat on`, it is not recommended nor encouraged.  A room server with repeat set to `on` lacks the full set of repeater and remote administration features that are only available in the repeater firmware.  
+Although room server can also repeat with the command line command `set repeat on`, it is not recommended nor encouraged.  A room server with repeat set to `on` lacks the full set of repeater and remote administration features that are only available in the repeater firmware.
 
 The recommendation is to run repeater and room server on separate devices for the best experience.
 
@@ -168,37 +181,32 @@ After you flashed the latest firmware onto your repeater device, keep the device
 
 The repeater and room server CLI reference is here: https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/wiki/Repeater-&-Room-Server-CLI-Reference
 
-If you have more supported devices, you can use your additional devices with the room server firmware.  
+If you have more supported devices, you can use your additional devices with the room server firmware.
 
 ### 2.2. Q: Does MeshCore cost any money?
 
-**A:** All radio firmware versions (e.g. for Heltec V3, RAK, T-1000E, etc) are free and open source developed by Scott at Ripple Radios.  
+**A:** All radio firmware versions (e.g. for Heltec V3, RAK, T-1000E, etc) are free and open source developed by Scott at Ripple Radios.
 
-The native Android and iOS client uses the freemium model and is developed by Liam Cottle, developer of meshtastic map at [meshtastic.liamcottle.net](https://meshtastic.liamcottle.net) on [GitHub](https://github.com/liamcottle/meshtastic-map) and [reticulum-meshchat on github](https://github.com/liamcottle/reticulum-meshchat). 
+The native Android and iOS client uses the freemium model and is developed by Liam Cottle, developer of meshtastic map at [meshtastic.liamcottle.net](https://meshtastic.liamcottle.net) on [GitHub](https://github.com/liamcottle/meshtastic-map) and [reticulum-meshchat on github](https://github.com/liamcottle/reticulum-meshchat).
 
-The T-Deck firmware is free to download and most features are available without cost.  To support the firmware developer, you can pay for a registration key to unlock your T-Deck for deeper map zoom and remote server administration over RF using the T-Deck.  You do not need to pay for the registration to use your T-Deck for direct messaging and connecting to repeaters and room servers. 
+The T-Deck firmware is free to download and most features are available without cost.  To support the firmware developer, you can pay for a registration key to unlock your T-Deck for deeper map zoom and remote server administration over RF using the T-Deck.  You do not need to pay for the registration to use your T-Deck for direct messaging and connecting to repeaters and room servers.
 
 
 ### 2.3. Q: What frequencies are supported by MeshCore?
-**A:** It supports the 868MHz range in the UK/EU and the 915MHz range in New Zealand, Australia, and the USA. Countries and regions in these two frequency ranges are also supported. The firmware and client allow users to set their preferred frequency.  
-- Australia and New Zealand are on **915.8MHz**
-- UK and EU are on **869.525MHz**
-- Canada and USA are on **910.525MHz**
-- For other regions and countries, please check your local LoRa frequency
+**A:** It supports the 868MHz range in the UK/EU and the 915MHz range in New Zealand, Australia, and the USA. Countries and regions in these two frequency ranges are also supported.
 
-In UK and EU, 867.5MHz is not allowed to use 250kHz bandwidth and it only allows 2.5% duty cycle for clients.  869.525Mhz allows an airtime of 10%, 250KHz bandwidth, and a higher EIRP, therefore MeshCore nodes can send more often and with more power. That is why this frequency is chosen for UK and EU.  This is also why Meshtastic also uses this frequency.  
+Use the smartphone client or the repeater setup feature on there web flasher to set your radios' RF settings by choosing the preset for your regions.
 
-[Source](https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1356540643853209641)
+Recently, as of October 2025, many regions have moved to the "narrow" setting, aka using BW62.5 and a lower SF number (instead of the original SF11).  For example, USA/Canada (Recommended) preset is 910.525MHz, SF7, BW62.5, CR5.
+
+After extensive testing, many regions have switched or about to switch over to BW62.5 and SF7, 8, or 9.  Narrower bandwidth setting and lower SF setting allow MeshCore's radio signals to fit between interference in the ISM band, provide for a lower noise floor, better SNR, and faster transmissions.
+
+If you have consensus from your community in your region to update your region's preset recommendation, please post your update request on  the [#meshcore-app](https://discord.com/channels/1343693475589263471/1391681655911088241) channel on the [MeshCore Discord server ](https://discord.gg/cYtQNYCCRK) to let Liam Cottle know.
 
-the rest of the radio settings are the same for all frequencies:  
-- Spread Factor (SF): 11  
-- Coding Rate (CR): 5  
-- Bandwidth (BW): 250.00  
 
-(Originally MeshCore started with SF 10.  recently (as of late April 2025) the community has advocated SF 11 also a viable option for longer range but a little slower transmission. Currently there are MeshCore meshes with SF 10 and SF 11.  Liam Cottle's smartphone app's presets now recommend SF 10 for Australia and SF 11 for all other regions and countries.  EU and UK has SF 10 and SF 11 presets.  Work with your local meshers on deciding with SF number is best for your use cases.  In the future, there may be bridge nodes that can bridge SF 10 and SF 11 (or even different frequencies) traffic.)
 
 ### 2.4. Q: What is an "advert" in MeshCore?
-**A:** 
+**A:**
 Advert means to advertise yourself on the network. In Reticulum terms it would be to announce. In Meshtastic terms it would be the node sending its node info.
 
 MeshCore allows you to manually broadcast your name, position and public encryption key, which is also signed to prevent spoofing.  When you click the advert button, it broadcasts that data over LoRa.  MeshCore calls that an Advert. There's two ways to advert, "zero hop" and "flood".
@@ -214,7 +222,7 @@ As of Aug 20 2025, a pending PR on github will change the flood advert to 12 hou
 
 ### 2.5. Q: Is there a hop limit?
 
-**A:** Internally the firmware has maximum limit of 64 hops.  In real world settings it will be difficult to get close to the limit due to the environments and timing as packets travel further and further.  We want to hear how far your MeshCore conversations go. 
+**A:** Internally the firmware has maximum limit of 64 hops.  In real world settings it will be difficult to get close to the limit due to the environments and timing as packets travel further and further.  We want to hear how far your MeshCore conversations go.
 
 
 ---
@@ -224,14 +232,14 @@ As of Aug 20 2025, a pending PR on github will change the flood advert to 12 hou
 
 ### 3.1. Q: How do you configure a repeater or a room server?
 
-**A:** - When MeshCore is flashed onto a LoRa device is for the first time, it is necessary to set the server device's frequency to make it utilize the frequency that is legal in your country or region.  
+**A:** - When MeshCore is flashed onto a LoRa device is for the first time, it is necessary to set the server device's frequency to make it utilize the frequency that is legal in your country or region.
 
 Repeater or room server can be administered with one of the options below:
-  
+
 - After a repeater or room server firmware is flashed on to a LoRa device, go to <https://config.meshcore.dev> and use the web user interface to connect to the LoRa device via USB serial.  From there you can set the name of the server, its frequency and other related settings, location, passwords etc.
 
 ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/2a9d9894-e34d-4dbe-b57c-fc3c250a2d34)
- 
+
 - Connect the server device using a USB cable to a computer running Chrome on https://flasher.meshcore.co.uk/, then use the `console` feature to connect to the device
 
 - Use a MeshCore smartphone clients  to remotely administer servers via LoRa.
@@ -240,10 +248,10 @@ Repeater or room server can be administered with one of the options below:
 
 <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/249834>
 
-  
+
 
 ### 3.2. Q: Do I need to set the location for a repeater?
-**A:** With location set for a repeater, it can show up on a MeshCore map in the future. Set location with the following commands:
+**A:** While not required, with location set for a repeater it will show up on the MeshCore map in the future. Set location with the following command:
 
 `set lat <GPS Lat> set long <GPS Lon>`
 
@@ -260,6 +268,34 @@ You can get the latitude and longitude from Google Maps by right-clicking the lo
 
 `set guest.password {guest-password}`
 
+### 3.5. Q: Can I retrieve a repeater's private key or set a repeater's private key?
+
+**A:** You can issue these commands to get or set a repeater's private key using a USB serial connection.
+
+`get prv.key` to print a repeater's private key on the serial console
+`set prv.key <hex>` to set a repeater's private key on the serial console
+
+Reboot the repeater after `set prv.key <hex>` command for the new private key to take effect.
+
+### 3.6. Q: The first byte of my repeater's public key collides with an exisitng repeater on the mesh.  How do I get a new private key with a matching public key that has its first byte of my choosing?
+
+**A:** You can generate a new private key and specific the first byte of its public key here:  https://gessaman.com/mc-keygen/
+
+
+### 3.7. Q: My repeater maybe suffering from deafness due to high power interference near my mesh's frequency, it is not hearing other in-range MeshCore radios.  what can I do?
+
+**A:** This may be due to the SX1262 radio's auto gain control feature.  You can use this command to preiodically reset its AGC.  
+
+`set agc.reset.interval <number>`
+
+The `<number>` unit is in seconds and is incremented by 4.  `set agc.reset.interval 4` works well to cure deafness.  
+
+This is a very low cost operation.  AGC reset is done by simply setting `state = STATE_IDLE;` in function `RadioLibWrapper::resetAGC()` in `RadioLibWrappers.cpp`
+
+
+### 3.8 Q: How do I make my repeater an observer on the mesh
+
+**A:** The observer instruction is available here: https://analyzer.letsme.sh/observer/onboard
 
 ---
 
@@ -270,14 +306,14 @@ You can get the latitude and longitude from Google Maps by right-clicking the lo
 **A:** Yes, it is available on https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/ultra-v7-7-guide-meshcore-users
 
 ### 4.2. Q: What are the steps to get a T-Deck into DFU (Device Firmware Update) mode?
-**A:**  
-1. Device off  
-2. Connect USB cable to device  
-3. Hold down trackball (keep holding)  
-4. Turn on device  
-5. Hear USB connection sound  
-6. Release trackball  
-7. T-Deck in DFU mode now  
+**A:**
+1. Device off
+2. Connect USB cable to device
+3. Hold down trackball (keep holding)
+4. Turn on device
+5. Hear USB connection sound
+6. Release trackball
+7. T-Deck in DFU mode now
 8. At this point you can begin flashing using <https://flasher.meshcore.co.uk/>
 
 ### 4.3. Q: Why is my T-Deck Plus not getting any satellite lock?
@@ -294,10 +330,12 @@ GPS on T-Deck is always enabled.  You can skip the "GPS clock sync" and the T-De
 **A:** Users have had no issues using 16GB or 32GB SD cards. Format the SD card to **FAT32**.
 
 ### 4.6. Q: what is the public key for the default public channel?
-**A:** 
-T-Deck uses the same key the smartphone apps use but in base64 
+**A:**
+T-Deck uses the same key the smartphone apps use but in base64
 `izOH6cXN6mrJ5e26oRXNcg==`
-The third character is the capital letter 'O', not zero `0`
+
+There is no `=` key on the T-Deck's hardware keyboard.  You can use the on-screen software keyboard to enter `=`.  Tap the text box to enable the on-screen software keyboard.
+The third character is the capital letter `O` (Oh), not zero `0`
 
 The smartphone app key is in hex:
 ` 8b3387e9c5cdea6ac9e5edbaa115cd72`
@@ -305,24 +343,24 @@ The smartphone app key is in hex:
 [Source](https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1354194409213792388)
 
 ### 4.7. Q: How do I get maps on T-Deck?
-**A:** You need map tiles. You can get pre-downloaded map tiles here (a good way to support development):  
-- <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/342543> (Europe)  
+**A:** You need map tiles. You can get pre-downloaded map tiles here (a good way to support development):
+- <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/342543> (Europe)
 - <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/342542> (US)
 
-Another way to download map tiles is to use this Python script to get the tiles in the areas you want:  
-<https://github.com/fistulareffigy/MTD-Script>  
+Another way to download map tiles is to use this Python script to get the tiles in the areas you want:
+<https://github.com/fistulareffigy/MTD-Script>
 
-There is also a modified script that adds additional error handling and parallel downloads:  
-<https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1338775811548905572>  
+There is also a modified script that adds additional error handling and parallel downloads:
+<https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1338775811548905572>
 
-UK map tiles are available separately from Andy Kirby on his discord server:  
+UK map tiles are available separately from Andy Kirby on his discord server:
 <https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1331346597367386224>
 
 ### 4.8. Q: Where do the map tiles go?
 Once you have the tiles downloaded, copy the `\tiles` folder to the root of your T-Deck's SD card.
 
 ### 4.9. Q: How to unlock deeper map zoom and server management features on T-Deck?
-**A:** You can download, install, and use the T-Deck firmware for free, but it has some features (map zoom, server administration) that are enabled if you purchase an unlock code for \$10 per T-Deck device.  
+**A:** You can download, install, and use the T-Deck firmware for free, but it has some features (map zoom, server administration) that are enabled if you purchase an unlock code for \$10 per T-Deck device.
 Unlock page: <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/249834>
 
 ### 4.10. Q: How to decipher the diagnostics screen on T-Deck?
@@ -330,17 +368,17 @@ Unlock page: <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz/e/249834>
 **A: ** Space is tight on T-Deck's screen, so the information is a bit cryptic.  The format is :
 `{hops} l:{packet-length}({payload-len}) t:{packet-type} snr:{n} rssi:{n}`
 
-See here for packet-type: 
+See here for packet-type:
 https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/blob/main/src/Packet.h#L19
- 
 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_REQ 0x00 // request (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob) 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_RESPONSE 0x01 // response to REQ or ANON_REQ (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob) 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_TXT_MSG 0x02 // a plain text message (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, text) 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ACK 0x03 // a simple ack #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ADVERT 0x04 // a node advertising its Identity 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_GRP_TXT 0x05 // an (unverified) group text message (prefixed with channel hash, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, "name: msg") 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_GRP_DATA 0x06 // an (unverified) group datagram (prefixed with channel hash, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob) 
-    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ANON_REQ 0x07 // generic request (prefixed with dest_hash, ephemeral pub_key, MAC) (enc data: ...) 
+
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_REQ 0x00 // request (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob)
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_RESPONSE 0x01 // response to REQ or ANON_REQ (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob)
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_TXT_MSG 0x02 // a plain text message (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, text)
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ACK 0x03 // a simple ack #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ADVERT 0x04 // a node advertising its Identity
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_GRP_TXT 0x05 // an (unverified) group text message (prefixed with channel hash, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, "name: msg")
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_GRP_DATA 0x06 // an (unverified) group datagram (prefixed with channel hash, MAC) (enc data: timestamp, blob)
+    #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_ANON_REQ 0x07 // generic request (prefixed with dest_hash, ephemeral pub_key, MAC) (enc data: ...)
     #define PAYLOAD_TYPE_PATH 0x08 // returned path (prefixed with dest/src hashes, MAC) (enc data: path, extra)
 
 [Source](https://discord.com/channels/1343693475589263471/1343693475589263474/1350611321040932966)
@@ -370,14 +408,30 @@ https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/blob/main/src/Packet.h#L19
 
 ### 5.1. Q: What are BW, SF, and CR?
 
-**A:** 
+**A:**
 
 **BW is bandwidth** - width of frequency spectrum that is used for transmission
 
 **SF is spreading factor** - how much should the communication spread in time
 
-**CR is coding rate** - https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/fec-and-code-rate/
-Making the bandwidth 2x wider (from BW125 to BW250) allows you to send 2x more bytes in the same time. Making the spreading factor 1 step lower (from SF10 to SF9) allows you to send 2x more bytes in the same time. 
+**CR is coding rate** - from: https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/fec-and-code-rate/
+
+TL;DR: default CR to 5 for good stable links.  If it is not a solid link and is intermittent, change to CR to 7 or 8.
+
+Forward Error Correction is a process of adding redundant bits to the data to be transmitted. During the transmission, data may get corrupted by interference (changes from 0 to 1 / 1 to 0). These error correction bits are used at the receivers for restoring corrupted bits.
+
+The Code Rate of a forward error correction expresses the proportion of bits in a data stream that actually carry useful information.
+
+There are 4 code rates used in LoRaWAN:
+
+4/5
+4/6
+5/7
+4/8
+
+For example, if the code rate is 5/7, for every 5 bits of useful information, the coder generates a total of 7 bits of data, of which 2 bits are redundant.
+
+Making the bandwidth 2x wider (from BW125 to BW250) allows you to send 2x more bytes in the same time. Making the spreading factor 1 step lower (from SF10 to SF9) allows you to send 2x more bytes in the same time.
 
 Lowering the spreading factor makes it more difficult for the gateway to receive a transmission, as it will be more sensitive to noise. You could compare this to two people taking in a noisy place (a bar for example). If you’re far from each other, you have to talk slow (SF10), but if you’re close, you can talk faster (SF7)
 
@@ -385,14 +439,14 @@ So, it's balancing act between speed of the transmission and resistance to noise
 things network is mainly focused on LoRaWAN, but the LoRa low-level stuff still checks out for any LoRa project
 
 ### 5.2. Q: Do MeshCore clients repeat?
-**A:** No, MeshCore clients do not repeat.  This is the core of MeshCore's messaging-first design.  This is to avoid devices flooding the air ware and create endless collisions, so messages sent aren't received.  
-In MeshCore, only repeaters and room server with `set repeat on` repeat.  
+**A:** No, MeshCore clients do not repeat.  This is the core of MeshCore's messaging-first design.  This is to avoid devices flooding the air ware and create endless collisions, so messages sent aren't received.
+In MeshCore, only repeaters and room server with `set repeat on` repeat.
 
 ### 5.3. Q: What happens when a node learns a route via a mobile repeater, and that repeater is gone?
 
 **A:** If you used to reach a node through a repeater and the repeater is no longer reachable, the client will send the message using the existing (but now broken) known path, the message will fail after 3 retries, and the app will reset the path and send the message as flood on the last retry by default.  This can be turned off in settings.  If the destination is reachable directly or through another repeater, the new path will be used going forward.  Or you can set the path manually if you know a specific repeater to use to reach that destination.
 
-In the case if users are moving around frequently, and the paths are breaking, they just see the phone client retries and revert to flood to attempt to re-establish a path. 
+In the case if users are moving around frequently, and the paths are breaking, they just see the phone client retries and revert to flood to attempt to re-establish a path.
 
 ### 5.4. Q: How does a node discovery a path to its destination and then use it to send messages in the future, instead of flooding every message it sends like Meshtastic?
 
@@ -411,14 +465,14 @@ Routes are stored in sender's contact list.  When you send a message the first t
 **A:** The smartphone app key is in hex:
 ` 8b3387e9c5cdea6ac9e5edbaa115cd72`
 
-T-Deck uses the same key but in base64 
+T-Deck uses the same key but in base64
 `izOH6cXN6mrJ5e26oRXNcg==`
 The third character is the capital letter 'O', not zero `0`
 [Source](https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1354194409213792388)
 
 ### 5.7. Q: Is MeshCore open source?
-**A:** Most of the firmware is freely available. Everything is open source except the T-Deck firmware and Liam's native mobile apps.  
-- Firmware repo: https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore  
+**A:** Most of the firmware is freely available. Everything is open source except the T-Deck firmware and Liam's native mobile apps.
+- Firmware repo: https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore
 
 ### 5.8. Q: How can I support MeshCore?
 **A:** Provide your honest feedback on GitHub and on [MeshCore Discord server](https://discord.gg/BMwCtwHj5V). Spread the word of MeshCore to your friends and communities; help them get started with MeshCore. Support Scott's MeshCore development at <https://buymeacoffee.com/ripplebiz>.
@@ -428,7 +482,7 @@ Support Liam Cottle's smartphone client development by unlocking the server admi
 Support Rastislav Vysoky (recrof)'s flasher web site and the map web site development through [PayPal](https://www.paypal.com/donate/?business=DREHF5HM265ES&no_recurring=0&item_name=If+you+enjoy+my+work%2C+you+can+support+me+here%3A&currency_code=EUR) or [Revolut](https://revolut.me/recrof)
 
 ### 5.9. Q: How do I build MeshCore firmware from source?
-**A:** See instructions here:  
+**A:** See instructions here:
 https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1341826372120608769
 
 Build instructions for MeshCore:
@@ -448,7 +502,7 @@ Then it should be the same for all platforms:
 python3 -m venv meshcore
 cd meshcore && source bin/activate
 pip install -U platformio
-git clone https://github.com/ripplebiz/MeshCore.git 
+git clone https://github.com/ripplebiz/MeshCore.git
 cd MeshCore
 ```
 open platformio.ini and in `[arduino_base]` edit the `LORA_FREQ=867.5`
@@ -458,8 +512,8 @@ pio run -e RAK_4631_Repeater
 ```
 then you'll find `firmware.zip` in `.pio/build/RAK_4631_Repeater`
 
-Andy also has a video on how to build using VS Code:  
-*How to build and flash Meshcore repeater firmware | Heltec V3*  
+Andy also has a video on how to build using VS Code:
+*How to build and flash Meshcore repeater firmware | Heltec V3*
 <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJvg6dt13hk> *(Link referenced in the Discord post)*
 
 ### 5.10. Q: Are there other MeshCore related open source projects?
@@ -476,13 +530,13 @@ Meshcore would not be best suited to ATAK because MeshCore:
 clients do not repeat and therefore you would need a network of repeaters in place
 will not have a stable path where all clients are constantly moving between repeaters
 
-MeshCore clients would need to reset path constantly and flood traffic across the network which could lead to lots of collisions with something as chatty as ATAK. 
+MeshCore clients would need to reset path constantly and flood traffic across the network which could lead to lots of collisions with something as chatty as ATAK.
 
 This could change in the future if MeshCore develops a client firmware that repeats.
 [Source](https://discord.com/channels/826570251612323860/1330643963501351004/1354780032140054659)
 
 ### 5.12. Q: How do I add a node to the [MeshCore Map]([url](https://meshcore.co.uk/map.html))
-**A:** 
+**A:**
 
 To add a BLE Companion radio, connect to the BLE Companion radio from the MeshCore smartphone app.  In the app, tap the `3 dot` menu icon at the top right corner, then tap `Internet Map`.  Tap the `3 dot` menu icon again and choose `Add me to the Map`
 
@@ -501,7 +555,7 @@ For ESP-based devices (e.g. Heltec V3) you need:
 - Download firmware file from flasher.meshcore.co.uk
     - Go to the web site on a browser, find the section that has the firmware up need
     - Click the Download button, right click on the file you need, for example,
-        - `Heltec_V3_companion_radio_ble-v1.7.1-165fb33.bin` 
+        - `Heltec_V3_companion_radio_ble-v1.7.1-165fb33.bin`
             - Non-merged bin keeps the existing Bluetooth pairing database
         - `Heltec_v3_companion_radio_usb-v1.7.1-165fb33-merged.bin`
             - Merged bin overwrites everything including the bootloader, existing Bluetooth pairing database, but keeps configurations.
@@ -520,7 +574,7 @@ For ESP-based devices (e.g. Heltec V3) you need:
             - `esptool.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 --chip esp32-s3 write_flash 0x10000 <non-merged_firmware>.bin`
         - For merged bin:
             - `esptool.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 --chip esp32-s3 write_flash 0x00000 <merged_firmware>.bin`
-	
+
 
 
 **Instructions for nRF devices:**
@@ -541,24 +595,25 @@ For nRF devices (e.g. RAK, Heltec T114) you need the following:
         - `pip install adafruit-nrfutil --break-system-packages`
         - Use this command to flash the nRF device:
             - `adafruit-nrfutil --verbose dfu serial --package RAK_4631_companion_radio_usb-v1.7.1-165fb33.zip -p /dev/ttyACM0 -b 115200 --singlebank --touch 1200`
-		
-		
+
+
 To manage a repeater or room server connected to a Pi over USB serial using shell commands, you need to install `picocom`.  To install `picocom`, run the following command:
 - `sudo apt install picocom`
 
 To start managing your USB serial-connected device using picocom, use the following command:
     - `picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0 --imap lfcrlf`
 
-From here, reference repeater and room server command line commands on MeshCore github wiki here: 
+From here, reference repeater and room server command line commands on MeshCore github wiki here:
     - https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/wiki/Repeater-&-Room-Server-CLI-Reference
 
-  
+
 ### 5.14. Q: Are there are projects built around MeshCore?
 
 **A:** Yes.  See the following:
 
 #### 5.14.1. meshcoremqtt
-A Python script to send meshore debug and packet capture data to MQTT for analysis
+A Python script to send meshcore debug and packet capture data to MQTT for analysis.  Cisien's version is a fork of Andrew-a-g's and is being used to to collect data for https://map.w0z.is/messages and https://analyzer.letsme.sh/
+https://github.com/Cisien/meshcoretomqtt
 https://github.com/Andrew-a-g/meshcoretomqtt
 
 #### 5.14.2. MeshCore for Home Assistant
@@ -569,7 +624,7 @@ https://github.com/awolden/meshcore-ha
 Bindings to access your MeshCore companion radio nodes in python.
 https://github.com/fdlamotte/meshcore_py
 
-#### 5.14.4. meshcore-cli  
+#### 5.14.4. meshcore-cli
 CLI interface to MeshCore companion radio over BLE, TCP, or serial.  Uses Python MeshCore above.
  https://github.com/fdlamotte/meshcore-cli
 
@@ -577,15 +632,49 @@ CLI interface to MeshCore companion radio over BLE, TCP, or serial.  Uses Python
 A JavaScript library for interacting with a MeshCore device running the companion radio firmware
 https://github.com/liamcottle/meshcore.js
 
+#### 5.14.6. pyMC_core
+pyMC_Core is a Python port of MeshCore, designed for Raspberry Pi and similar hardware, it talks to LoRa modules over SPI.
+https://github.com/rightup/pyMC_core
+
+#### 5.14.7. MeshCore Packet Decoder
+A TypeScript library for decoding MeshCore mesh networking packets with full cryptographic support. Uses WebAssembly (WASM) for Ed25519 key derivation through the orlp/ed25519 library.  It powers the [MeshCore Packet Analyzer](https://analyzer.letsme.sh/packets).
+https://github.com/michaelhart/meshcore-decoder
+
+#### 5.14.8. meshcore-pi
+meshcore-pi is another Python port of MeshCore, designed for Raspberry Pi and similar hardware, it talks to LoRa modules over SPI or GPIO.
+https://github.com/brianwiddas/meshcore-pi
+
+#### 5.14.9. pyMC_Repeater
+pyMC_Repeater is a repeater daemon in Python built on top of the [`pymc_core`](#5146-pymc_core) library.
+https://github.com/rightup/pyMC_Repeater
+
+
+### 5.15. Q: Are there client applications for Windows or Mac?
+**A:** Yes, the same iOS and Android client is also available for Windows and Intel Mac (sorry, not available for ARM-based Mac yet).  You can find them together with the Android APK here:
+https://files.liamcottle.net/MeshCore
+
+Both the Windows and Intel Mac versions of the client app are fully unlocked and are free to use.
+
+### 5.16. Q: Are there any resources that compare MeshCore to other LoRa systems?
+
+**A:** Here is a list of MeshCore comparison resources:
+The Comms Channel on YouTube:
+https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guDoKGs02Us
+MeshCore Advantages by MCarper:
+https://github.com/mikecarper/meshfirmware/blob/main/MeshCoreAdvantages.md
+Meshcore vs Meshtastic by austinmesh.org
+https://www.austinmesh.org/learn/meshcore-vs-meshtastic/
+
+
 ---
 
 ## 6. Troubleshooting
 
 ### 6.1. Q: My client says another client or a repeater or a room server was last seen many, many days ago.
 ### 6.2. Q: A repeater or a client or a room server I expect to see on my discover list (on T-Deck) or contact list (on a smart device client) are not listed.
-**A:**  
-- If your client is a T-Deck, it may not have its time set (no GPS installed, no GPS lock, or wrong GPS baud rate).  
-- If you are using the Android or iOS client, the other client, repeater, or room server may have the wrong time.  
+**A:**
+- If your client is a T-Deck, it may not have its time set (no GPS installed, no GPS lock, or wrong GPS baud rate).
+- If you are using the Android or iOS client, the other client, repeater, or room server may have the wrong time.
 
 You can get the epoch time on <https://www.epochconverter.com/> and use it to set your T-Deck clock. For a repeater and room server, the admin can use a T-Deck to remotely set their clock (clock sync), or use the `time` command in the USB serial console with the server device connected.
 
@@ -606,23 +695,23 @@ You can get the epoch time on <https://www.epochconverter.com/> and use it to se
 
 ### 6.7. Q: My RAK/T1000-E/xiao_nRF52 device seems to be corrupted, how do I wipe it clean to start fresh?
 
-**A:** 
+**A:**
 1. Connect USB-C cable to your device, per your device's instruction, get it to flash mode:
     - For RAK, click the reset button **TWICE**
     - For T1000-e, quickly disconnect and reconnect the magnetic side of the cable from the device **TWICE**
     - For Heltec T114, click the reset button **TWICE** (the bottom button)
     - For Xiao nRF52, click the reset button once.  If that doesn't work, quickly double click the reset button twice.  If that doesn't work, disconnection the board from your PC and reconnect again ([seeed studio wiki](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_BLE/#access-the-swd-pins-for-debugging-and-reflashing-bootloader))
 5. A new folder will appear on your computer's desktop
-6. Download the `flash_erase*.uf2` file for your device on flasher.meshcore.co.uk 
+6. Download the `flash_erase*.uf2` file for your device on flasher.meshcore.co.uk
     - RAK WisBlock and Heltec T114: `Flash_erase-nRF32_softdevice_v6.uf2`
     - Seeed Studio Xiao nRF52 WIO: `Flash_erase-nRF52_softdevice_v7.uf2`
 8. drag and drop the uf2 file for your device to the root of the new folder
 9. Wait for the copy to complete.  You might get an error dialog, you can ignore it
-10. Go to https://flasher.meshcore.co.uk/, click `Console` and select the serial port for your connected device 
+10. Go to https://flasher.meshcore.co.uk/, click `Console` and select the serial port for your connected device
 11. In the console, press enter.  Your flash should now be erased
 12. You may now flash the latest MeshCore firmware onto your device
 
-Separately, starting in firmware version 1.7.0, there is a CLI Rescue mode.  If your device has a user button (e.g. some RAK, T114), you can activate the rescue mode by hold down the user button of the device within 8 seconds of boot.  Then you can use the 'Console' on flasher.meshcore.co.uk 
+Separately, starting in firmware version 1.7.0, there is a CLI Rescue mode.  If your device has a user button (e.g. some RAK, T114), you can activate the rescue mode by hold down the user button of the device within 8 seconds of boot.  Then you can use the 'Console' on flasher.meshcore.co.uk
 
 ### 6.8. Q: WebFlasher fails on Linux with failed to open
 
@@ -645,14 +734,20 @@ Allow the browser user on it:
 4. Go to the Command Line tab, type `start ota` and hit enter.
 5. you should see `OK` to confirm the repeater device is now in OTA mode
 6. Run the DFU app,tab `Settings` on the top right corner
-7. Enable `Packets receipt notifications`, and change `Number of Packets` to 10 for RAK, 8 for T114.  8 also works for RAK.  
+7. Enable `Packets receipt notifications`, and change `Number of Packets` to 10 for RAK, 8 for T114.  8 also works for RAK.
 9. Select the firmware zip file you downloaded
 10. Select the device you want to update. If the device you want to update is not on the list, try enabling`OTA` on the device again
 11. If the device is not found, enable `Force Scanning` in the DFU app
 12. Tab the `Upload` to begin OTA update
-13. If it fails, try turning off and on Bluetooth on your phone.  If that doesn't work, try rebooting your phone.  
+13. If it fails, try turning off and on Bluetooth on your phone.  If that doesn't work, try rebooting your phone.
 14. Wait for the update to complete.  It can take a few minutes.
 
+#### 7.1.1 Q: Can I update Seeed Studio Wio Tracker L1 Pro using OTA?
+**A:**  You can flash this safer bootloader to the Wio Tracker L1 Pro
+https://github.com/oltaco/Adafruit_nRF52_Bootloader_OTAFIX
+
+After this bootloader is flashed onto the device, you can trigger over the air update using bluetooth by holding the button next to the D-Pad and then click the reset button.  The follow the same OTA update instructions above.  You can skip pass the `start ota` instruction and start the update using the DFU app.
+
 
 ### 7.2. Q: How to update ESP32-based devices over the air?
 
@@ -662,25 +757,29 @@ Allow the browser user on it:
 4. Go to the Command Line tab, type `start ota` and hit enter.
 5. you should see `OK` to confirm the repeater device is now in OTA mode
 6. The command `start ota` on an ESP32-based device starts a wifi hotspot named `MeshCore OTA`
-7. From your phone or computer connect to the 'MeshCore OTA' hotspot 
+7. From your phone or computer connect to the 'MeshCore OTA' hotspot
 8. From a browser, go to http://192.168.4.1/update and upload the non-merged bin from the flasher
 
 
 ### 7.3. Q: Is there a way to lower the chance of a failed OTA device firmware update (DFU)?
 
-**A:** Yes, developer `che aporeps` has an enhanced OTA DFU bootloader for nRF52 based devices.  With this bootloader, if it detects that the application firmware is invalid, it falls back to OTA DFU mode so you can attempt to flash again to recover.  This bootloader has other changes to make the OTA DFU process more fault tolerant. 
+**A:** Yes, developer `che aporeps` has an enhanced OTA DFU bootloader for nRF52 based devices.  With this bootloader, if it detects that the application firmware is invalid, it falls back to OTA DFU mode so you can attempt to flash again to recover.  This bootloader has other changes to make the OTA DFU process more fault tolerant.
 
 Refer to https://github.com/oltaco/Adafruit_nRF52_Bootloader_OTAFIX for the latest information.
 
 Currently, the following boards are supported:
-- Nologo ProMicro
+- Heltec Automation Mesh Node T114 / HT-nRF5262
+- Nologo ProMicro NRF52840 (aka SuperMini NRF52840)
+- Seeed Studio SenseCAP Card Tracker T1000-E
+- Seeed Studio Wio Tracker L1
 - Seeed Studio XIAO nRF52840 BLE
 - Seeed Studio XIAO nRF52840 BLE SENSE
-- RAK 4631
+- RAK 4631 (See note)
+- RAK WisMesh Tag (new 28/11/2025)
 
 ### 7.4. Q: are the MeshCore logo and font available?
 
-**A:** Yes, it is on the MeshCore github repo here: 
+**A:** Yes, it is on the MeshCore github repo here:
 https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/tree/main/logo
 
 ### 7.5. Q: What is the format of a contact or channel QR code?
@@ -699,8 +798,26 @@ where `&type` is:
 `sensor = 4`
 
 ### 7.6. Q: How do I connect to the companion via WIFI, e.g. using a heltec v3?
- **A:** 
+ **A:**
 WiFi firmware requires you to compile it yourself, as you need to set the wifi ssid and password.
 Edit WIFI_SSID and WIFI_PWD in `./variants/heltec_v3/platformio.ini` and then flash it to your device.
 
+### 7.7. Q: I have a Station G2, or a Heltec V4, or an Ikoka Stick, or a radio with a EByte E22-900M30S or a E22-900M33S module, what should their transmit power be set to?
+ **A:**
+For companion radios, you can set these radios' transmit power in the smartphone app.  For repeater and room server radios, you can set their transmit power using the command line command `set tx`.  You can get their current value using command line comand `get tx`
+
+
+> ### ⚠️ **WARNING: Set these values at your own risk. Incorrect power settings can permanently damage your radio hardware.**
+
+| Device / Model | Region / Description | In-App Setting (dBm) | Target Radio Output | Notes |
+| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
+| **Station G2** <br> [Reference](https://wiki.uniteng.com/en/meshtastic/station-g2) | US915 Max Output | 19 dBm | 36.5 dBm (4.46W) | |
+| | US915 Recommended Max | 16 dBm | 35 dBm (3.16W) | 1dB compression point |
+| | EU868 Recommended Max | 15 dBm | 34.5 dBm (2.82W) | 1dB compression point |
+| | US915 1W Output | 10 dBm | 1W | |
+| | EU868 1W Output | 9 dBm | 1W | |
+| **Ikoka Stick E22-900M30S** | 1W Model | 19 dBm | 1W | **DO NOT EXCEED** (Risk of burn out) |
+| **Ikoka Stick E22-900M33S** | 2W Model | 9 dBm | 2W | **DO NOT EXCEED** (Risk of burn out) |
+| **Heltec V4** | Standard Output | 10 dBm | 22 dBm | |
+| | High Output | 22 dBm | 28 dBm | |
 ---

docs/nrf52_power_management.md

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+# nRF52 Power Management
+
+## Overview
+
+The nRF52 Power Management module provides battery protection features to prevent over-discharge, minimise likelihood of brownout and flash corruption conditions existing, and enable safe voltage-based recovery.
+
+## Features
+
+### Boot Voltage Protection
+- Checks battery voltage immediately after boot and before mesh operations commence
+- If voltage is below a configurable threshold (e.g., 3300mV), the device configures voltage wake (LPCOMP + VBUS) and enters protective shutdown (SYSTEMOFF)
+- Prevents boot loops when battery is critically low
+- Skipped when external power (USB VBUS) is detected
+
+### Voltage Wake (LPCOMP + VBUS)
+- Configures the nRF52's Low Power Comparator (LPCOMP) before entering SYSTEMOFF
+- Enables USB VBUS detection so external power can wake the device
+- Device automatically wakes when battery voltage rises above recovery threshold or when VBUS is detected
+
+### Early Boot Register Capture
+- Captures RESETREAS (reset reason) and GPREGRET2 (shutdown reason) before SystemInit() clears them
+- Allows firmware to determine why it booted (cold boot, watchdog, LPCOMP wake, etc.)
+- Allows firmware to determine why it last shut down (user request, low voltage, boot protection)
+
+### Shutdown Reason Tracking
+Shutdown reason codes (stored in GPREGRET2):
+| Code | Name | Description |
+|------|------|-------------|
+| 0x00 | NONE | Normal boot / no previous shutdown |
+| 0x4C | LOW_VOLTAGE | Runtime low voltage threshold reached |
+| 0x55 | USER | User requested powerOff() |
+| 0x42 | BOOT_PROTECT | Boot voltage protection triggered |
+
+## Supported Boards
+
+| Board | Implemented | LPCOMP wake | VBUS wake |
+|-------|-------------|-------------|-----------|
+| Seeed Studio XIAO nRF52840 (`xiao_nrf52`) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| RAK4631 (`rak4631`) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Heltec T114 (`heltec_t114`) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Promicro nRF52840 | No | No | No |
+| RAK WisMesh Tag | No | No | No |
+| Heltec Mesh Solar | No | No | No |
+| LilyGo T-Echo / T-Echo Lite | No | No | No |
+| SenseCAP Solar | No | No | No |
+| WIO Tracker L1 / L1 E-Ink | No | No | No |
+| WIO WM1110 | No | No | No |
+| Mesh Pocket | No | No | No |
+| Nano G2 Ultra | No | No | No |
+| ThinkNode M1/M3/M6 | No | No | No |
+| T1000-E | No | No | No |
+| Ikoka Nano/Stick/Handheld (nRF) | No | No | No |
+| Keepteen LT1 | No | No | No |
+| Minewsemi ME25LS01 | No | No | No |
+
+Notes:
+- "Implemented" reflects Phase 1 (boot lockout + shutdown reason capture).
+- User power-off on Heltec T114 does not enable LPCOMP wake.
+- VBUS detection is used to skip boot lockout on external power, and VBUS wake is configured alongside LPCOMP when supported hardware exposes VBUS to the nRF52.
+
+## Technical Details
+
+### Architecture
+
+The power management functionality is integrated into the `NRF52Board` base class in `src/helpers/NRF52Board.cpp`. Board variants provide hardware-specific configuration via a `PowerMgtConfig` struct and override `initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason)` to perform board-specific power-down work and conditionally enable voltage wake (LPCOMP + VBUS).
+
+### Early Boot Capture
+
+A static constructor with priority 101 in `NRF52Board.cpp` captures the RESETREAS and GPREGRET2 registers before:
+- SystemInit() (priority 102) - which clears RESETREAS
+- Static C++ constructors (default priority 65535)
+
+This ensures we capture the true reset reason before any initialisation code runs.
+
+### Board Implementation
+
+To enable power management on a board variant:
+
+1. **Enable in platformio.ini**:
+   ```ini
+   -D NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+   ```
+
+2. **Define configuration in variant.h**:
+   ```c
+   #define PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK    3300   // Won't boot below this voltage (mV)
+   #define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN          7      // AIN channel for voltage sensing
+   #define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL       2      // REFSEL (0-6=1/8..7/8, 7=ARef, 8-15=1/16..15/16)
+   ```
+
+3. **Implement in board .cpp file**:
+   ```cpp
+   #ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+   const PowerMgtConfig power_config = {
+     .lpcomp_ain_channel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN,
+     .lpcomp_refsel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL,
+     .voltage_bootlock = PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK
+   };
+
+   void MyBoard::initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) {
+     // Board-specific shutdown preparation (e.g., disable peripherals)
+     bool enable_lpcomp = (reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE ||
+                           reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT);
+
+     if (enable_lpcomp) {
+       configureVoltageWake(power_config.lpcomp_ain_channel, power_config.lpcomp_refsel);
+     }
+
+     enterSystemOff(reason);
+   }
+   #endif
+
+   void MyBoard::begin() {
+     NRF52Board::begin();  // or NRF52BoardDCDC::begin()
+     // ... board setup ...
+
+   #ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+     checkBootVoltage(&power_config);
+   #endif
+   }
+   ```
+
+   For user-initiated shutdowns, `powerOff()` remains board-specific. Power management only arms LPCOMP for automated shutdown reasons (boot protection/low voltage).
+
+4. **Declare override in board .h file**:
+   ```cpp
+   #ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+     void initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) override;
+   #endif
+   ```
+
+### Voltage Wake Configuration
+
+The LPCOMP (Low Power Comparator) is configured to:
+- Monitor the specified AIN channel (0-7 corresponding to P0.02-P0.05, P0.28-P0.31)
+- Compare against VDD fraction reference (REFSEL: 0-6=1/8..7/8, 7=ARef, 8-15=1/16..15/16)
+- Detect UP events (voltage rising above threshold)
+- Use 50mV hysteresis for noise immunity
+- Wake the device from SYSTEMOFF when triggered
+
+VBUS wake is enabled via the POWER peripheral USBDETECTED event whenever `configureVoltageWake()` is used. This requires USB VBUS to be routed to the nRF52 (typical on nRF52840 boards with native USB).
+
+**LPCOMP Reference Selection (PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL)**:
+| REFSEL | Fraction | VBAT @ 1M/1M divider (VDD=3.0-3.3) | VBAT @ 1.5M/1M divider (VDD=3.0-3.3) |
+|--------|----------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
+| 0 | 1/8 | 0.75-0.82 V | 0.94-1.03 V |
+| 1 | 2/8 | 1.50-1.65 V | 1.88-2.06 V |
+| 2 | 3/8 | 2.25-2.47 V | 2.81-3.09 V |
+| 3 | 4/8 | 3.00-3.30 V | 3.75-4.12 V |
+| 4 | 5/8 | 3.75-4.12 V | 4.69-5.16 V |
+| 5 | 6/8 | 4.50-4.95 V | 5.62-6.19 V |
+| 6 | 7/8 | 5.25-5.77 V | 6.56-7.22 V |
+| 7 | ARef | - | - |
+| 8 | 1/16 | 0.38-0.41 V | 0.47-0.52 V |
+| 9 | 3/16 | 1.12-1.24 V | 1.41-1.55 V |
+| 10 | 5/16 | 1.88-2.06 V | 2.34-2.58 V |
+| 11 | 7/16 | 2.62-2.89 V | 3.28-3.61 V |
+| 12 | 9/16 | 3.38-3.71 V | 4.22-4.64 V |
+| 13 | 11/16 | 4.12-4.54 V | 5.16-5.67 V |
+| 14 | 13/16 | 4.88-5.36 V | 6.09-6.70 V |
+| 15 | 15/16 | 5.62-6.19 V | 7.03-7.73 V |
+
+**Important**: For boards with a voltage divider on the battery sense pin, LPCOMP measures the divided voltage. Use:
+`VBAT_threshold ≈ (VDD * fraction) * divider_scale`, where `divider_scale = (Rtop + Rbottom) / Rbottom` (e.g., 2.0 for 1M/1M, 2.5 for 1.5M/1M, 3.0 for XIAO).
+
+### SoftDevice Compatibility
+
+The power management code checks whether SoftDevice is enabled and uses the appropriate API:
+- When SD enabled: `sd_power_*` functions
+- When SD disabled: Direct register access (NRF_POWER->*)
+
+This ensures compatibility regardless of BLE stack state.
+
+## CLI Commands
+
+Power management status can be queried via the CLI:
+
+| Command | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `get pwrmgt.support` | Returns "supported" or "unsupported" |
+| `get pwrmgt.source` | Returns current power source - "battery" or "external" (5V/USB power) |
+| `get pwrmgt.bootreason` | Returns reset and shutdown reason strings |
+| `get pwrmgt.bootmv` | Returns boot voltage in millivolts |
+
+On boards without power management enabled, all commands except `get pwrmgt.support` return:
+```
+ERROR: Power management not supported
+```
+
+## Debug Output
+
+When `MESH_DEBUG=1` is enabled, the power management module outputs:
+```
+DEBUG: PWRMGT: Reset = Wake from LPCOMP (0x20000); Shutdown = Low Voltage (0x4C)
+DEBUG: PWRMGT: Boot voltage = 3450 mV (threshold = 3300 mV)
+DEBUG: PWRMGT: LPCOMP wake configured (AIN7, ref=3/8 VDD)
+```
+
+## Phase 2 (Planned)
+
+- Runtime voltage monitoring
+- Voltage state machine (Normal -> Warning -> Critical -> Shutdown)
+- Configurable thresholds
+- Load shedding callbacks for power reduction
+- Deep sleep integration
+- Scheduled wake-up
+- Extended sleep with periodic monitoring
+
+## References
+
+- [nRF52840 Product Specification - POWER](https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/topic/ps_nrf52840/power.html)
+- [nRF52840 Product Specification - LPCOMP](https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/topic/ps_nrf52840/lpcomp.html)
+- [SoftDevice S140 API - Power Management](https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/topic/sdk_nrf5_v17.1.0/group__nrf__sdm__api.html)

docs/payloads.md

@@ -269,4 +269,4 @@ The plaintext contained in the ciphertext matches the format described in [plain
 
 # Custom packet
 
-Custom packets have no defined format.
+Custom packets have no defined format.

examples/companion_radio/MyMesh.cpp

@@ -330,11 +330,10 @@ void MyMesh::onDiscoveredContact(ContactInfo &contact, bool is_new, uint8_t path
       memcpy(&out_frame[1], contact.id.pub_key, PUB_KEY_SIZE);
       _serial->writeFrame(out_frame, 1 + PUB_KEY_SIZE);
     }
-  } else {
+  } 
 #ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
-    if (_ui) _ui->notify(UIEventType::newContactMessage);
+  if (_ui && !_prefs.buzzer_quiet) _ui->notify(UIEventType::newContactMessage); //buzz if enabled
 #endif
-  }
 
   // add inbound-path to mem cache
   if (path && path_len <= sizeof(AdvertPath::path)) {  // check path is valid
@@ -441,9 +440,7 @@ void MyMesh::queueMessage(const ContactInfo &from, uint8_t txt_type, mesh::Packe
   bool should_display = txt_type == TXT_TYPE_PLAIN || txt_type == TXT_TYPE_SIGNED_PLAIN;
   if (should_display && _ui) {
     _ui->newMsg(path_len, from.name, text, offline_queue_len);
-    if (!_serial->isConnected()) {
-      _ui->notify(UIEventType::contactMessage);
-    }
+    if (!_prefs.buzzer_quiet) _ui->notify(UIEventType::contactMessage); //buzz if enabled
   }
 #endif
 }
@@ -528,11 +525,8 @@ void MyMesh::onChannelMessageRecv(const mesh::GroupChannel &channel, mesh::Packe
     uint8_t frame[1];
     frame[0] = PUSH_CODE_MSG_WAITING; // send push 'tickle'
     _serial->writeFrame(frame, 1);
-  } else {
-#ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
-    if (_ui) _ui->notify(UIEventType::channelMessage);
-#endif
   }
+
 #ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
   // Get the channel name from the channel index
   const char *channel_name = "Unknown";
@@ -540,7 +534,10 @@ void MyMesh::onChannelMessageRecv(const mesh::GroupChannel &channel, mesh::Packe
   if (getChannel(channel_idx, channel_details)) {
     channel_name = channel_details.name;
   }
-  if (_ui) _ui->newMsg(path_len, channel_name, text, offline_queue_len);
+  if (_ui) {
+    _ui->newMsg(path_len, channel_name, text, offline_queue_len);
+    if (!_prefs.buzzer_quiet) _ui->notify(UIEventType::channelMessage); //buzz if enabled
+  }
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -792,13 +789,14 @@ MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::RNG &rng, mesh::RTCClock &rtc, SimpleMe
 
   // defaults
   memset(&_prefs, 0, sizeof(_prefs));
-  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0; // one half
+  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;
   strcpy(_prefs.node_name, "NONAME");
   _prefs.freq = LORA_FREQ;
   _prefs.sf = LORA_SF;
   _prefs.bw = LORA_BW;
   _prefs.cr = LORA_CR;
   _prefs.tx_power_dbm = LORA_TX_POWER;
+  _prefs.buzzer_quiet = 0;
   _prefs.gps_enabled = 0;       // GPS disabled by default
   _prefs.gps_interval = 0;      // No automatic GPS updates by default
   //_prefs.rx_delay_base = 10.0f;  enable once new algo fixed
@@ -817,14 +815,14 @@ void MyMesh::begin(bool has_display) {
     _store->saveMainIdentity(self_id);
   }
 
+// if name is provided as a build flag, use that as default node name instead
+#ifdef ADVERT_NAME
+  strcpy(_prefs.node_name, ADVERT_NAME);
+#else
   // use hex of first 4 bytes of identity public key as default node name
   char pub_key_hex[10];
   mesh::Utils::toHex(pub_key_hex, self_id.pub_key, 4);
   strcpy(_prefs.node_name, pub_key_hex);
-
-// if name is provided as a build flag, use that as default node name instead
-#ifdef ADVERT_NAME
-  strcpy(_prefs.node_name, ADVERT_NAME);
 #endif
 
   // load persisted prefs
@@ -838,6 +836,7 @@ void MyMesh::begin(bool has_display) {
   _prefs.sf = constrain(_prefs.sf, 5, 12);
   _prefs.cr = constrain(_prefs.cr, 5, 8);
   _prefs.tx_power_dbm = constrain(_prefs.tx_power_dbm, 1, MAX_LORA_TX_POWER);
+  _prefs.buzzer_quiet = constrain(_prefs.buzzer_quiet, 0, 1);  // Ensure boolean 0 or 1
   _prefs.gps_enabled = constrain(_prefs.gps_enabled, 0, 1);  // Ensure boolean 0 or 1
   _prefs.gps_interval = constrain(_prefs.gps_interval, 0, 86400);  // Max 24 hours
 
@@ -1295,16 +1294,20 @@ void MyMesh::handleCmdFrame(size_t len) {
 #endif
   } else if (cmd_frame[0] == CMD_IMPORT_PRIVATE_KEY && len >= 65) {
 #if ENABLE_PRIVATE_KEY_IMPORT
-    mesh::LocalIdentity identity;
-    identity.readFrom(&cmd_frame[1], 64);
-    if (_store->saveMainIdentity(identity)) {
-      self_id = identity;
-      writeOKFrame();
-      // re-load contacts, to invalidate ecdh shared_secrets
-      resetContacts();
-      _store->loadContacts(this);
+    if (!mesh::LocalIdentity::validatePrivateKey(&cmd_frame[1])) {
+        writeErrFrame(ERR_CODE_ILLEGAL_ARG); // invalid key
     } else {
-      writeErrFrame(ERR_CODE_FILE_IO_ERROR);
+        mesh::LocalIdentity identity;
+        identity.readFrom(&cmd_frame[1], 64);
+        if (_store->saveMainIdentity(identity)) {
+          self_id = identity;
+          writeOKFrame();
+          // re-load contacts, to invalidate ecdh shared_secrets
+          resetContacts();
+          _store->loadContacts(this);
+        } else {
+          writeErrFrame(ERR_CODE_FILE_IO_ERROR);
+        }
     }
 #else
     writeDisabledFrame();

examples/companion_radio/main.cpp

@@ -151,9 +151,7 @@ void setup() {
   );
 
 #ifdef BLE_PIN_CODE
-  char dev_name[32+16];
-  sprintf(dev_name, "%s%s", BLE_NAME_PREFIX, the_mesh.getNodeName());
-  serial_interface.begin(dev_name, the_mesh.getBLEPin());
+  serial_interface.begin(BLE_NAME_PREFIX, the_mesh.getNodePrefs()->node_name, the_mesh.getBLEPin());
 #else
   serial_interface.begin(Serial);
 #endif
@@ -199,9 +197,7 @@ void setup() {
   WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PWD);
   serial_interface.begin(TCP_PORT);
 #elif defined(BLE_PIN_CODE)
-  char dev_name[32+16];
-  sprintf(dev_name, "%s%s", BLE_NAME_PREFIX, the_mesh.getNodeName());
-  serial_interface.begin(dev_name, the_mesh.getBLEPin());
+  serial_interface.begin(BLE_NAME_PREFIX, the_mesh.getNodePrefs()->node_name, the_mesh.getBLEPin());
 #elif defined(SERIAL_RX)
   companion_serial.setPins(SERIAL_RX, SERIAL_TX);
   companion_serial.begin(115200);

examples/simple_repeater/MyMesh.cpp

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ int MyMesh::handleRequest(ClientInfo *sender, uint32_t sender_timestamp, uint8_t
     stats.n_direct_dups = ((SimpleMeshTables *)getTables())->getNumDirectDups();
     stats.n_flood_dups = ((SimpleMeshTables *)getTables())->getNumFloodDups();
     stats.total_rx_air_time_secs = getReceiveAirTime() / 1000;
-
+    stats.n_recv_errors = radio_driver.getPacketsRecvErrors();
     memcpy(&reply_data[4], &stats, sizeof(stats));
 
     return 4 + sizeof(stats); //  reply_len
@@ -390,6 +390,14 @@ bool MyMesh::allowPacketForward(const mesh::Packet *packet) {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("allowPacketForward: unknown transport code, or wildcard not allowed for FLOOD packet");
     return false;
   }
+  // Limit flood advert paket forwarding using a probabilistic reduction defined by P(h) = 0.308^(hops-1)
+  // https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/issues/1223
+  double_t roll_dice = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;
+  double_t forw_prob = pow(_prefs.flood_advert_base, packet->path_len - 1);
+  if (packet->getPayloadType() == PAYLOAD_TYPE_ADVERT && packet->isRouteFlood() && roll_dice > forw_prob)
+    return false;
+
+  // all other packets
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -744,7 +752,7 @@ void MyMesh::onControlDataRecv(mesh::Packet* packet) {
 MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondClock &ms, mesh::RNG &rng,
                mesh::RTCClock &rtc, mesh::MeshTables &tables)
     : mesh::Mesh(radio, ms, rng, rtc, *new StaticPoolPacketManager(32), tables),
-      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4), region_map(key_store), temp_map(key_store),
+      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, acl, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4), region_map(key_store), temp_map(key_store),
       discover_limiter(4, 120),  // max 4 every 2 minutes
       anon_limiter(4, 180)   // max 4 every 3 minutes
 #if defined(WITH_RS232_BRIDGE)
@@ -768,7 +776,7 @@ MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondCloc
 
   // defaults
   memset(&_prefs, 0, sizeof(_prefs));
-  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;   // one half
+  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;
   _prefs.rx_delay_base = 0.0f;   // turn off by default, was 10.0;
   _prefs.tx_delay_factor = 0.5f; // was 0.25f
   _prefs.direct_tx_delay_factor = 0.2f; // was zero
@@ -783,6 +791,7 @@ MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondCloc
   _prefs.tx_power_dbm = LORA_TX_POWER;
   _prefs.advert_interval = 1;        // default to 2 minutes for NEW installs
   _prefs.flood_advert_interval = 12; // 12 hours
+  _prefs.flood_advert_base = 0.308f;
   _prefs.flood_max = 64;
   _prefs.interference_threshold = 0; // disabled
 
@@ -808,7 +817,7 @@ void MyMesh::begin(FILESYSTEM *fs) {
   _fs = fs;
   // load persisted prefs
   _cli.loadPrefs(_fs);
-  acl.load(_fs);
+  acl.load(_fs, self_id);
   // TODO: key_store.begin();
   region_map.load(_fs);
 
@@ -854,10 +863,14 @@ bool MyMesh::formatFileSystem() {
 #endif
 }
 
-void MyMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) {
+void MyMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) {
   mesh::Packet *pkt = createSelfAdvert();
   if (pkt) {
-    sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    if (flood) {
+      sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    } else {
+      sendZeroHop(pkt, delay_millis);
+    }
   } else {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("ERROR: unable to create advertisement packet!");
   }
@@ -968,7 +981,6 @@ void MyMesh::formatPacketStatsReply(char *reply) {
 }
 
 void MyMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity &new_id) {
-  self_id = new_id;
 #if defined(NRF52_PLATFORM) || defined(STM32_PLATFORM)
   IdentityStore store(*_fs, "");
 #elif defined(ESP32)
@@ -978,7 +990,7 @@ void MyMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity &new_id) {
 #else
 #error "need to define saveIdentity()"
 #endif
-  store.save("_main", self_id);
+  store.save("_main", new_id);
 }
 
 void MyMesh::clearStats() {

examples/simple_repeater/MyMesh.h

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ struct RepeaterStats {
   int16_t  last_snr;   // x 4
   uint16_t n_direct_dups, n_flood_dups;
   uint32_t total_rx_air_time_secs;
+  uint32_t n_recv_errors;
 };
 
 #ifndef MAX_CLIENTS
@@ -86,11 +87,11 @@ class MyMesh : public mesh::Mesh, public CommonCLICallbacks {
   unsigned long next_local_advert, next_flood_advert;
   bool _logging;
   NodePrefs _prefs;
+  ClientACL  acl;
   CommonCLI _cli;
   uint8_t reply_data[MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD];
   uint8_t reply_path[MAX_PATH_SIZE];
   int8_t  reply_path_len;
-  ClientACL  acl;
   TransportKeyStore key_store;
   RegionMap region_map, temp_map;
   RegionEntry* load_stack[8];
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ public:
 
   void applyTempRadioParams(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr, int timeout_mins) override;
   bool formatFileSystem() override;
-  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) override;
+  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) override;
   void updateAdvertTimer() override;
   void updateFloodAdvertTimer() override;
 

examples/simple_repeater/main.cpp

@@ -87,8 +87,10 @@ void setup() {
   ui_task.begin(the_mesh.getNodePrefs(), FIRMWARE_BUILD_DATE, FIRMWARE_VERSION);
 #endif
 
-  // send out initial Advertisement to the mesh
-  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000);
+  // send out initial zero hop Advertisement to the mesh
+#if ENABLE_ADVERT_ON_BOOT == 1
+  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 void loop() {

examples/simple_room_server/MyMesh.cpp

@@ -275,6 +275,15 @@ uint32_t MyMesh::getDirectRetransmitDelay(const mesh::Packet *packet) {
 bool MyMesh::allowPacketForward(const mesh::Packet *packet) {
   if (_prefs.disable_fwd) return false;
   if (packet->isRouteFlood() && packet->path_len >= _prefs.flood_max) return false;
+
+  // Limit flood advert paket forwarding using a probabilistic reduction defined by P(h) = 0.308^(hops-1)
+  // https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore/issues/1223
+  double_t roll_dice = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;
+  double_t forw_prob = pow(_prefs.flood_advert_base, packet->path_len - 1);
+  if (packet->getPayloadType() == PAYLOAD_TYPE_ADVERT && packet->isRouteFlood() && roll_dice > forw_prob)
+    return false;
+
+  // all other packets
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -587,7 +596,7 @@ void MyMesh::onAckRecv(mesh::Packet *packet, uint32_t ack_crc) {
 MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondClock &ms, mesh::RNG &rng,
                mesh::RTCClock &rtc, mesh::MeshTables &tables)
     : mesh::Mesh(radio, ms, rng, rtc, *new StaticPoolPacketManager(32), tables),
-      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4) {
+      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, acl, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4) {
   last_millis = 0;
   uptime_millis = 0;
   next_local_advert = next_flood_advert = 0;
@@ -597,7 +606,7 @@ MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondCloc
 
   // defaults
   memset(&_prefs, 0, sizeof(_prefs));
-  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;   // one half
+  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;
   _prefs.rx_delay_base = 0.0f;   // off by default, was 10.0
   _prefs.tx_delay_factor = 0.5f; // was 0.25f;
   _prefs.direct_tx_delay_factor = 0.2f; // was zero
@@ -613,6 +622,7 @@ MyMesh::MyMesh(mesh::MainBoard &board, mesh::Radio &radio, mesh::MillisecondCloc
   _prefs.disable_fwd = 1;
   _prefs.advert_interval = 1;        // default to 2 minutes for NEW installs
   _prefs.flood_advert_interval = 12; // 12 hours
+  _prefs.flood_advert_base = 0.308f;
   _prefs.flood_max = 64;
   _prefs.interference_threshold = 0; // disabled
 #ifdef ROOM_PASSWORD
@@ -637,7 +647,7 @@ void MyMesh::begin(FILESYSTEM *fs) {
   // load persisted prefs
   _cli.loadPrefs(_fs);
 
-  acl.load(_fs);
+  acl.load(_fs, self_id);
 
   radio_set_params(_prefs.freq, _prefs.bw, _prefs.sf, _prefs.cr);
   radio_set_tx_power(_prefs.tx_power_dbm);
@@ -675,10 +685,14 @@ bool MyMesh::formatFileSystem() {
 #endif
 }
 
-void MyMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) {
+void MyMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) {
   mesh::Packet *pkt = createSelfAdvert();
   if (pkt) {
-    sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    if (flood) {
+      sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    } else {
+      sendZeroHop(pkt, delay_millis);
+    }
   } else {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("ERROR: unable to create advertisement packet!");
   }
@@ -720,7 +734,6 @@ void MyMesh::setTxPower(uint8_t power_dbm) {
 }
 
 void MyMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity &new_id) {
-  self_id = new_id;
 #if defined(NRF52_PLATFORM) || defined(STM32_PLATFORM)
   IdentityStore store(*_fs, "");
 #elif defined(ESP32)
@@ -730,7 +743,7 @@ void MyMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity &new_id) {
 #else
 #error "need to define saveIdentity()"
 #endif
-  store.save("_main", self_id);
+  store.save("_main", new_id);
 }
 
 void MyMesh::clearStats() {
@@ -815,7 +828,7 @@ void MyMesh::loop() {
       if (c->extra.room.pending_ack && millisHasNowPassed(c->extra.room.ack_timeout)) {
         c->extra.room.push_failures++;
         c->extra.room.pending_ack = 0; // reset  (TODO: keep prev expected_ack's in a list, incase they arrive LATER, after we retry)
-        MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("pending ACK timed out: push_failures: %d", (uint32_t)c->push_failures);
+        MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("pending ACK timed out: push_failures: %d", (uint32_t)c->extra.room.push_failures);
       }
     }
     // check next Round-Robin client, and sync next new post

examples/simple_room_server/MyMesh.h

@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ class MyMesh : public mesh::Mesh, public CommonCLICallbacks {
   unsigned long next_local_advert, next_flood_advert;
   bool _logging;
   NodePrefs _prefs;
-  CommonCLI _cli;
   ClientACL acl;
+  CommonCLI _cli;
   unsigned long dirty_contacts_expiry;
   uint8_t reply_data[MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD];
   unsigned long next_push;
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public:
 
   void applyTempRadioParams(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr, int timeout_mins) override;
   bool formatFileSystem() override;
-  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) override;
+  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) override;
   void updateAdvertTimer() override;
   void updateFloodAdvertTimer() override;
 

examples/simple_room_server/main.cpp

@@ -76,8 +76,10 @@ void setup() {
   ui_task.begin(the_mesh.getNodePrefs(), FIRMWARE_BUILD_DATE, FIRMWARE_VERSION);
 #endif
 
-  // send out initial Advertisement to the mesh
-  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000);
+  // send out initial zero hop Advertisement to the mesh
+#if ENABLE_ADVERT_ON_BOOT == 1
+  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 void loop() {

examples/simple_secure_chat/main.cpp

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ public:
   {
     // defaults
     memset(&_prefs, 0, sizeof(_prefs));
-    _prefs.airtime_factor = 2.0;    // one third
+    _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;
     strcpy(_prefs.node_name, "NONAME");
     _prefs.freq = LORA_FREQ;
     _prefs.tx_power_dbm = LORA_TX_POWER;
@@ -582,7 +582,9 @@ void setup() {
   the_mesh.showWelcome();
 
   // send out initial Advertisement to the mesh
+#if ENABLE_ADVERT_ON_BOOT == 1
   the_mesh.sendSelfAdvert(1200);   // add slight delay
+#endif
 }
 
 void loop() {

examples/simple_sensor/SensorMesh.cpp

@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ void SensorMesh::onAckRecv(mesh::Packet* packet, uint32_t ack_crc) {
 
 SensorMesh::SensorMesh(mesh::MainBoard& board, mesh::Radio& radio, mesh::MillisecondClock& ms, mesh::RNG& rng, mesh::RTCClock& rtc, mesh::MeshTables& tables)
      : mesh::Mesh(radio, ms, rng, rtc, *new StaticPoolPacketManager(32), tables),
-      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4)
+      _cli(board, rtc, sensors, acl, &_prefs, this), telemetry(MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD - 4)
 {
   next_local_advert = next_flood_advert = 0;
   dirty_contacts_expiry = 0;
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ SensorMesh::SensorMesh(mesh::MainBoard& board, mesh::Radio& radio, mesh::Millise
 
   // defaults
   memset(&_prefs, 0, sizeof(_prefs));
-  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;    // one half
+  _prefs.airtime_factor = 1.0;
   _prefs.rx_delay_base =   0.0f;  // turn off by default, was 10.0;
   _prefs.tx_delay_factor = 0.5f;   // was 0.25f
   _prefs.direct_tx_delay_factor = 0.2f; // was zero
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ void SensorMesh::begin(FILESYSTEM* fs) {
   // load persisted prefs
   _cli.loadPrefs(_fs);
 
-  acl.load(_fs);
+  acl.load(_fs, self_id);
 
   radio_set_params(_prefs.freq, _prefs.bw, _prefs.sf, _prefs.cr);
   radio_set_tx_power(_prefs.tx_power_dbm);
@@ -765,7 +765,6 @@ bool SensorMesh::formatFileSystem() {
 }
 
 void SensorMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity& new_id) {
-  self_id = new_id;
 #if defined(NRF52_PLATFORM) || defined(STM32_PLATFORM)
   IdentityStore store(*_fs, "");
 #elif defined(ESP32)
@@ -775,7 +774,7 @@ void SensorMesh::saveIdentity(const mesh::LocalIdentity& new_id) {
 #else
   #error "need to define saveIdentity()"
 #endif
-  store.save("_main", self_id);
+  store.save("_main", new_id);
 }
 
 void SensorMesh::applyTempRadioParams(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr, int timeout_mins) {
@@ -788,10 +787,14 @@ void SensorMesh::applyTempRadioParams(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t
   revert_radio_at = futureMillis(2000 + timeout_mins*60*1000);   // schedule when to revert radio params
 }
 
-void SensorMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) {
+void SensorMesh::sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) {
   mesh::Packet* pkt = createSelfAdvert();
   if (pkt) {
-    sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    if (flood) {
+      sendFlood(pkt, delay_millis);
+    } else {
+      sendZeroHop(pkt, delay_millis);
+    }
   } else {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("ERROR: unable to create advertisement packet!");
   }

examples/simple_sensor/SensorMesh.h

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public:
   NodePrefs* getNodePrefs() { return &_prefs; }
   void savePrefs() override { _cli.savePrefs(_fs); }
   bool formatFileSystem() override;
-  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) override;
+  void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) override;
   void updateAdvertTimer() override;
   void updateFloodAdvertTimer() override;
   void setLoggingOn(bool enable) override {  }
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ private:
   FILESYSTEM* _fs;
   unsigned long next_local_advert, next_flood_advert;
   NodePrefs _prefs;
+  ClientACL  acl;
   CommonCLI _cli;
   uint8_t reply_data[MAX_PACKET_PAYLOAD];
-  ClientACL  acl;
   unsigned long dirty_contacts_expiry;
   CayenneLPP telemetry;
   uint32_t last_read_time;

examples/simple_sensor/main.cpp

@@ -110,8 +110,10 @@ void setup() {
   ui_task.begin(the_mesh.getNodePrefs(), FIRMWARE_BUILD_DATE, FIRMWARE_VERSION);
 #endif
 
-  // send out initial Advertisement to the mesh
-  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000);
+  // send out initial zero hop Advertisement to the mesh
+#if ENABLE_ADVERT_ON_BOOT == 1
+  the_mesh.sendSelfAdvertisement(16000, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 void loop() {

platformio.ini

@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ lib_deps =
   melopero/Melopero RV3028 @ ^1.1.0
   electroniccats/CayenneLPP @ 1.6.1
 build_flags = -w -DNDEBUG -DRADIOLIB_STATIC_ONLY=1 -DRADIOLIB_GODMODE=1
-  -D LORA_FREQ=869.525
-  -D LORA_BW=250
-  -D LORA_SF=11
+  -D LORA_FREQ=869.618
+  -D LORA_BW=62.5
+  -D LORA_SF=8
+  -D LORA_CR=8
+  -D ENABLE_ADVERT_ON_BOOT=1
   -D ENABLE_PRIVATE_KEY_IMPORT=1   ; NOTE: comment these out for more secure firmware
   -D ENABLE_PRIVATE_KEY_EXPORT=1
   -D RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_CC1101=1

src/Dispatcher.cpp

@@ -20,12 +20,34 @@ void Dispatcher::begin() {
   _err_flags = 0;
   radio_nonrx_start = _ms->getMillis();
 
+  duty_cycle_window_ms = getDutyCycleWindowMs();
+  float duty_cycle = 1.0f / (1.0f + getAirtimeBudgetFactor());
+  tx_budget_ms = (unsigned long)(duty_cycle_window_ms * duty_cycle);
+  last_budget_update = _ms->getMillis();
+
   _radio->begin();
   prev_isrecv_mode = _radio->isInRecvMode();
 }
 
 float Dispatcher::getAirtimeBudgetFactor() const {
-  return 2.0;   // default, 33.3%  (1/3rd)
+  return 1.0;
+}
+
+void Dispatcher::updateTxBudget() {
+  unsigned long now = _ms->getMillis();
+  unsigned long elapsed = now - last_budget_update;
+
+  float duty_cycle = 1.0f / (1.0f + getAirtimeBudgetFactor());
+  unsigned long max_budget = (unsigned long)(getDutyCycleWindowMs() * duty_cycle);
+
+  unsigned long refill = (unsigned long)(elapsed * duty_cycle);
+  tx_budget_ms += refill;
+
+  if (tx_budget_ms > max_budget) {
+    tx_budget_ms = max_budget;
+  }
+
+  last_budget_update = now;
 }
 
 int Dispatcher::calcRxDelay(float score, uint32_t air_time) const {
@@ -61,11 +83,24 @@ void Dispatcher::loop() {
   if (outbound) {  // waiting for outbound send to be completed
     if (_radio->isSendComplete()) {
       long t = _ms->getMillis() - outbound_start;
-      total_air_time += t;  // keep track of how much air time we are using
+      total_air_time += t;
       //Serial.print("  airtime="); Serial.println(t);
 
-      // will need radio silence up to next_tx_time
-      next_tx_time = futureMillis(t * getAirtimeBudgetFactor());
+      updateTxBudget();
+
+      if (t > tx_budget_ms) {
+        tx_budget_ms = 0;
+      } else {
+        tx_budget_ms -= t;
+      }
+
+      if (tx_budget_ms < 100) {
+        float duty_cycle = 1.0f / (1.0f + getAirtimeBudgetFactor());
+        unsigned long needed = 100 - tx_budget_ms;
+        next_tx_time = futureMillis((unsigned long)(needed / duty_cycle));
+      } else {
+        next_tx_time = _ms->getMillis();
+      }
 
       _radio->onSendFinished();
       logTx(outbound, 2 + outbound->path_len + outbound->payload_len);
@@ -224,9 +259,20 @@ void Dispatcher::processRecvPacket(Packet* pkt) {
 }
 
 void Dispatcher::checkSend() {
-  if (_mgr->getOutboundCount(_ms->getMillis()) == 0) return;  // nothing waiting to send
-  if (!millisHasNowPassed(next_tx_time)) return;   // still in 'radio silence' phase (from airtime budget setting)
-  if (_radio->isReceiving()) {   // LBT - check if radio is currently mid-receive, or if channel activity
+  if (_mgr->getOutboundCount(_ms->getMillis()) == 0) return;
+  
+  updateTxBudget();
+  
+  uint32_t est_airtime = _radio->getEstAirtimeFor(MAX_TRANS_UNIT);
+  if (tx_budget_ms < est_airtime / 2) {
+    float duty_cycle = 1.0f / (1.0f + getAirtimeBudgetFactor());
+    unsigned long needed = est_airtime / 2 - tx_budget_ms;
+    next_tx_time = futureMillis((unsigned long)(needed / duty_cycle));
+    return;
+  }
+  
+  if (!millisHasNowPassed(next_tx_time)) return;
+  if (_radio->isReceiving()) {
     if (cad_busy_start == 0) {
       cad_busy_start = _ms->getMillis();   // record when CAD busy state started
     }

src/Dispatcher.h

@@ -122,8 +122,12 @@ class Dispatcher {
   bool  prev_isrecv_mode;
   uint32_t n_sent_flood, n_sent_direct;
   uint32_t n_recv_flood, n_recv_direct;
+  unsigned long tx_budget_ms;
+  unsigned long last_budget_update;
+  unsigned long duty_cycle_window_ms;
 
   void processRecvPacket(Packet* pkt);
+  void updateTxBudget();
 
 protected:
   PacketManager* _mgr;
@@ -142,6 +146,9 @@ protected:
     _err_flags = 0;
     radio_nonrx_start = 0;
     prev_isrecv_mode = true;
+    tx_budget_ms = 0;
+    last_budget_update = 0;
+    duty_cycle_window_ms = 3600000;
   }
 
   virtual DispatcherAction onRecvPacket(Packet* pkt) = 0;
@@ -159,6 +166,7 @@ protected:
   virtual uint32_t getCADFailMaxDuration() const;
   virtual int getInterferenceThreshold() const { return 0; }    // disabled by default
   virtual int getAGCResetInterval() const { return 0; }    // disabled by default
+  virtual unsigned long getDutyCycleWindowMs() const { return 3600000; }
 
 public:
   void begin();
@@ -168,8 +176,9 @@ public:
   void releasePacket(Packet* packet);
   void sendPacket(Packet* packet, uint8_t priority, uint32_t delay_millis=0);
 
-  unsigned long getTotalAirTime() const { return total_air_time; }  // in milliseconds
+  unsigned long getTotalAirTime() const { return total_air_time; }
   unsigned long getReceiveAirTime() const {return rx_air_time; }
+  unsigned long getRemainingTxBudget() const { return tx_budget_ms; }
   uint32_t getNumSentFlood() const { return n_sent_flood; }
   uint32_t getNumSentDirect() const { return n_sent_direct; }
   uint32_t getNumRecvFlood() const { return n_recv_flood; }

src/Identity.cpp

@@ -48,6 +48,50 @@ LocalIdentity::LocalIdentity(RNG* rng) {
   ed25519_create_keypair(pub_key, prv_key, seed);
 }
 
+bool LocalIdentity::validatePrivateKey(const uint8_t prv[64]) {
+    uint8_t pub[32];
+    ed25519_derive_pub(pub, prv); // derive public key from given private key
+
+    // disallow 00 or FF prefixed public keys
+    if (pub[0] == 0x00 || pub[0] == 0xFF) return false;
+
+    // known good test client keypair
+    const uint8_t test_client_prv[64] = {
+      0x70, 0x65, 0xe1, 0x8f, 0xd9, 0xfa, 0xbb, 0x70,
+      0xc1, 0xed, 0x90, 0xdc, 0xa1, 0x99, 0x07, 0xde,
+      0x69, 0x8c, 0x88, 0xb7, 0x09, 0xea, 0x14, 0x6e,
+      0xaf, 0xd9, 0x3d, 0x9b, 0x83, 0x0c, 0x7b, 0x60,
+      0xc4, 0x68, 0x11, 0x93, 0xc7, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0x39,
+      0x94, 0x5b, 0xa8, 0x06, 0x41, 0x04, 0xbb, 0x61,
+      0x8f, 0x8f, 0xd7, 0xa8, 0x4a, 0x0a, 0xf6, 0xf5,
+      0x70, 0x33, 0xd6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0xcd, 0x64, 0x71
+    };
+    const uint8_t test_client_pub[32] = {
+      0x1e, 0xc7, 0x71, 0x75, 0xb0, 0x91, 0x8e, 0xd2,
+      0x06, 0xf9, 0xae, 0x04, 0xec, 0x13, 0x6d, 0x6d,
+      0x5d, 0x43, 0x15, 0xbb, 0x26, 0x30, 0x54, 0x27,
+      0xf6, 0x45, 0xb4, 0x92, 0xe9, 0x35, 0x0c, 0x10
+    };
+
+    uint8_t ss1[32], ss2[32];
+
+    // shared secret we calculte from test client pubkey and given private key
+    ed25519_key_exchange(ss1, test_client_pub, prv);
+
+    // shared secret they calculate from our derived public key and test client private key
+    ed25519_key_exchange(ss2, pub, test_client_prv);
+
+    // check that both shared secrets match
+    if (memcmp(ss1, ss2, 32) != 0) return false;
+
+    // reject all-zero shared secret
+    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+        if (ss1[i] != 0) return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 bool LocalIdentity::readFrom(Stream& s) {
   bool success = (s.readBytes(pub_key, PUB_KEY_SIZE) == PUB_KEY_SIZE);
   success = success && (s.readBytes(prv_key, PRV_KEY_SIZE) == PRV_KEY_SIZE);

src/Identity.h

@@ -76,6 +76,13 @@ public:
   */
   void calcSharedSecret(uint8_t* secret, const uint8_t* other_pub_key) const;
 
+  /**
+   * \brief  Validates that a given private key can be used for ECDH / shared-secret operations.
+   * \param  prv IN - the private key to validate (must be PRV_KEY_SIZE bytes)
+   * \returns true, if the private key is valid for login.
+  */
+  static bool validatePrivateKey(const uint8_t prv[64]);
+
   bool readFrom(Stream& s);
   bool writeTo(Stream& s) const;
   void printTo(Stream& s) const;

src/MeshCore.h

@@ -56,6 +56,14 @@ public:
   virtual void setGpio(uint32_t values) {}
   virtual uint8_t getStartupReason() const = 0;
   virtual bool startOTAUpdate(const char* id, char reply[]) { return false; }   // not supported
+
+  // Power management interface (boards with power management override these)
+  virtual bool isExternalPowered() { return false; }
+  virtual uint16_t getBootVoltage() { return 0; }
+  virtual uint32_t getResetReason() const { return 0; }
+  virtual const char* getResetReasonString(uint32_t reason) { return "Not available"; }
+  virtual uint8_t getShutdownReason() const { return 0; }
+  virtual const char* getShutdownReasonString(uint8_t reason) { return "Not available"; }
 };
 
 /**

src/helpers/ClientACL.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ static File openWrite(FILESYSTEM* _fs, const char* filename) {
   #endif
 }
 
-void ClientACL::load(FILESYSTEM* _fs) {
+void ClientACL::load(FILESYSTEM* fs, const mesh::LocalIdentity& self_id) {
+  _fs = fs;
   num_clients = 0;
   if (_fs->exists("/s_contacts")) {
   #if defined(RP2040_PLATFORM)
@@ -34,11 +35,12 @@ void ClientACL::load(FILESYSTEM* _fs) {
         success = success && (file.read(unused, 2) == 2);
         success = success && (file.read((uint8_t *)&c.out_path_len, 1) == 1);
         success = success && (file.read(c.out_path, 64) == 64);
-        success = success && (file.read(c.shared_secret, PUB_KEY_SIZE) == PUB_KEY_SIZE);
+        success = success && (file.read(c.shared_secret, PUB_KEY_SIZE) == PUB_KEY_SIZE); // will be recalculated below
 
         if (!success) break; // EOF
 
         c.id = mesh::Identity(pub_key);
+        self_id.calcSharedSecret(c.shared_secret, pub_key);  // recalculate shared secrets in case our private key changed
         if (num_clients < MAX_CLIENTS) {
           clients[num_clients++] = c;
         } else {
@@ -50,7 +52,8 @@ void ClientACL::load(FILESYSTEM* _fs) {
   }
 }
 
-void ClientACL::save(FILESYSTEM* _fs, bool (*filter)(ClientInfo*)) {
+void ClientACL::save(FILESYSTEM* fs, bool (*filter)(ClientInfo*)) {
+  _fs = fs;
   File file = openWrite(_fs, "/s_contacts");
   if (file) {
     uint8_t unused[2];
@@ -74,6 +77,16 @@ void ClientACL::save(FILESYSTEM* _fs, bool (*filter)(ClientInfo*)) {
   }
 }
 
+bool ClientACL::clear() {
+  if (!_fs) return false; // no filesystem, nothing to clear
+  if (_fs->exists("/s_contacts")) {
+    _fs->remove("/s_contacts");
+  }
+  memset(clients, 0, sizeof(clients));
+  num_clients = 0;
+  return true;
+}
+
 ClientInfo* ClientACL::getClient(const uint8_t* pubkey, int key_len) {
   for (int i = 0; i < num_clients; i++) {
     if (memcmp(pubkey, clients[i].id.pub_key, key_len) == 0) return &clients[i];  // already known

src/helpers/ClientACL.h

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ struct ClientInfo {
 #endif
 
 class ClientACL {
+  FILESYSTEM* _fs;
   ClientInfo clients[MAX_CLIENTS];
   int num_clients;
 
@@ -44,8 +45,9 @@ public:
     memset(clients, 0, sizeof(clients));
     num_clients = 0;
   }
-  void load(FILESYSTEM* _fs);
+  void load(FILESYSTEM* _fs, const mesh::LocalIdentity& self_id);
   void save(FILESYSTEM* _fs, bool (*filter)(ClientInfo*)=NULL);
+  bool clear();
 
   ClientInfo* getClient(const uint8_t* pubkey, int key_len);
   ClientInfo* putClient(const mesh::Identity& id, uint8_t init_perms);

src/helpers/CommonCLI.cpp

@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@ void CommonCLI::loadPrefsInt(FILESYSTEM* fs, const char* filename) {
     file.read((uint8_t *)&_prefs->discovery_mod_timestamp, sizeof(_prefs->discovery_mod_timestamp)); // 162
     file.read((uint8_t *)&_prefs->adc_multiplier, sizeof(_prefs->adc_multiplier)); // 166
     file.read((uint8_t *)_prefs->owner_info, sizeof(_prefs->owner_info));  // 170
-    // 290
+    file.read((uint8_t *)&_prefs->flood_advert_base, sizeof(_prefs->flood_advert_base));                 // 290
+
+    // 294
 
     // sanitise bad pref values
     _prefs->rx_delay_base = constrain(_prefs->rx_delay_base, 0, 20.0f);
@@ -108,6 +110,8 @@ void CommonCLI::loadPrefsInt(FILESYSTEM* fs, const char* filename) {
     _prefs->gps_enabled = constrain(_prefs->gps_enabled, 0, 1);
     _prefs->advert_loc_policy = constrain(_prefs->advert_loc_policy, 0, 2);
 
+    _prefs->flood_advert_base = constrain(_prefs->flood_advert_base, 0, 1);
+
     file.close();
   }
 }
@@ -165,7 +169,9 @@ void CommonCLI::savePrefs(FILESYSTEM* fs) {
     file.write((uint8_t *)&_prefs->discovery_mod_timestamp, sizeof(_prefs->discovery_mod_timestamp)); // 162
     file.write((uint8_t *)&_prefs->adc_multiplier, sizeof(_prefs->adc_multiplier));                 // 166
     file.write((uint8_t *)_prefs->owner_info, sizeof(_prefs->owner_info));  // 170
-    // 290
+    file.write((uint8_t *)&_prefs->flood_advert_base, sizeof(_prefs->flood_advert_base));                 // 290
+
+    // 294
 
     file.close();
   }
@@ -197,7 +203,8 @@ void CommonCLI::handleCommand(uint32_t sender_timestamp, const char* command, ch
     if (memcmp(command, "reboot", 6) == 0) {
       _board->reboot();  // doesn't return
     } else if (memcmp(command, "advert", 6) == 0) {
-      _callbacks->sendSelfAdvertisement(1500);  // longer delay, give CLI response time to be sent first
+      // send flood advert
+      _callbacks->sendSelfAdvertisement(1500, true);  // longer delay, give CLI response time to be sent first
       strcpy(reply, "OK - Advert sent");
     } else if (memcmp(command, "clock sync", 10) == 0) {
       uint32_t curr = getRTCClock()->getCurrentTime();
@@ -364,6 +371,35 @@ void CommonCLI::handleCommand(uint32_t sender_timestamp, const char* command, ch
         } else {
           sprintf(reply, "> %.3f", adc_mult);
         }
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "flood.advert.base", 17) == 0) {
+          sprintf(reply, "> %s", StrHelper::ftoa(_prefs->flood_advert_base));
+      // Power management commands
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "pwrmgt.support", 14) == 0) {
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+        strcpy(reply, "> supported");
+#else
+        strcpy(reply, "> unsupported");
+#endif
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "pwrmgt.source", 13) == 0) {
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+        strcpy(reply, _board->isExternalPowered() ? "> external" : "> battery");
+#else
+        strcpy(reply, "ERROR: Power management not supported");
+#endif
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "pwrmgt.bootreason", 17) == 0) {
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+        sprintf(reply, "> Reset: %s; Shutdown: %s",
+          _board->getResetReasonString(_board->getResetReason()),
+          _board->getShutdownReasonString(_board->getShutdownReason()));
+#else
+        strcpy(reply, "ERROR: Power management not supported");
+#endif
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "pwrmgt.bootmv", 13) == 0) {
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+        sprintf(reply, "> %u mV", _board->getBootVoltage());
+#else
+        strcpy(reply, "ERROR: Power management not supported");
+#endif
       } else {
         sprintf(reply, "??: %s", config);
       }
@@ -394,8 +430,8 @@ void CommonCLI::handleCommand(uint32_t sender_timestamp, const char* command, ch
         strcpy(reply, "OK");
       } else if (memcmp(config, "flood.advert.interval ", 22) == 0) {
         int hours = _atoi(&config[22]);
-        if ((hours > 0 && hours < 3) || (hours > 48)) {
-          strcpy(reply, "Error: interval range is 3-48 hours");
+        if ((hours > 0 && hours < 3) || (hours > 168)) {
+          strcpy(reply, "Error: interval range is 3-168 hours");
         } else {
           _prefs->flood_advert_interval = (uint8_t)(hours);
           _callbacks->updateFloodAdvertTimer();
@@ -416,17 +452,18 @@ void CommonCLI::handleCommand(uint32_t sender_timestamp, const char* command, ch
         StrHelper::strncpy(_prefs->guest_password, &config[15], sizeof(_prefs->guest_password));
         savePrefs();
         strcpy(reply, "OK");
-      } else if (sender_timestamp == 0 &&
-                 memcmp(config, "prv.key ", 8) == 0) { // from serial command line only
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "prv.key ", 8) == 0) {
         uint8_t prv_key[PRV_KEY_SIZE];
         bool success = mesh::Utils::fromHex(prv_key, PRV_KEY_SIZE, &config[8]);
-        if (success) {
+        // only allow rekey if key is valid
+        if (success && mesh::LocalIdentity::validatePrivateKey(prv_key)) {
           mesh::LocalIdentity new_id;
           new_id.readFrom(prv_key, PRV_KEY_SIZE);
           _callbacks->saveIdentity(new_id);
-          strcpy(reply, "OK");
+          strcpy(reply, "OK, reboot to apply! New pubkey: ");
+          mesh::Utils::toHex(&reply[33], new_id.pub_key, PUB_KEY_SIZE);
         } else {
-          strcpy(reply, "Error, invalid key");
+          strcpy(reply, "Error, bad key");
         }
       } else if (memcmp(config, "name ", 5) == 0) {
         if (isValidName(&config[5])) {
@@ -583,6 +620,15 @@ void CommonCLI::handleCommand(uint32_t sender_timestamp, const char* command, ch
           _prefs->adc_multiplier = 0.0f;
           strcpy(reply, "Error: unsupported by this board");
         };
+      } else if (memcmp(config, "flood.advert.base ", 18) == 0) {
+        float f = atof(&config[18]);
+        if((f > 0) || (f<1)) {
+          _prefs->flood_advert_base = f;
+          savePrefs();
+          strcpy(reply, "OK");
+        } else {
+          strcpy(reply, "Error: base must be between 0 and 1");
+      }        
       } else {
         sprintf(reply, "unknown config: %s", config);
       }

src/helpers/CommonCLI.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "Mesh.h"
 #include <helpers/IdentityStore.h>
 #include <helpers/SensorManager.h>
+#include <helpers/ClientACL.h>
 
 #if defined(WITH_RS232_BRIDGE) || defined(WITH_ESPNOW_BRIDGE)
 #define WITH_BRIDGE
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ struct NodePrefs { // persisted to file
   uint8_t flood_max;
   uint8_t interference_threshold;
   uint8_t agc_reset_interval; // secs / 4
+  float flood_advert_base;
   // Bridge settings
   uint8_t bridge_enabled; // boolean
   uint16_t bridge_delay;  // milliseconds (default 500 ms)
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ public:
   virtual const char* getBuildDate() = 0;
   virtual const char* getRole() = 0;
   virtual bool formatFileSystem() = 0;
-  virtual void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis) = 0;
+  virtual void sendSelfAdvertisement(int delay_millis, bool flood) = 0;
   virtual void updateAdvertTimer() = 0;
   virtual void updateFloodAdvertTimer() = 0;
   virtual void setLoggingOn(bool enable) = 0;
@@ -94,6 +96,7 @@ class CommonCLI {
   CommonCLICallbacks* _callbacks;
   mesh::MainBoard* _board;
   SensorManager* _sensors;
+  ClientACL* _acl;
   char tmp[PRV_KEY_SIZE*2 + 4];
 
   mesh::RTCClock* getRTCClock() { return _rtc; }
@@ -101,8 +104,8 @@ class CommonCLI {
   void loadPrefsInt(FILESYSTEM* _fs, const char* filename);
 
 public:
-  CommonCLI(mesh::MainBoard& board, mesh::RTCClock& rtc, SensorManager& sensors, NodePrefs* prefs, CommonCLICallbacks* callbacks)
-      : _board(&board), _rtc(&rtc), _sensors(&sensors), _prefs(prefs), _callbacks(callbacks) { }
+  CommonCLI(mesh::MainBoard& board, mesh::RTCClock& rtc, SensorManager& sensors, ClientACL& acl, NodePrefs* prefs, CommonCLICallbacks* callbacks)
+      : _board(&board), _rtc(&rtc), _sensors(&sensors), _acl(&acl), _prefs(prefs), _callbacks(callbacks) { }
 
   void loadPrefs(FILESYSTEM* _fs);
   void savePrefs(FILESYSTEM* _fs);

src/helpers/NRF52Board.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "NRF52Board.h"
 
 #include <bluefruit.h>
+#include <nrf_soc.h>
 
 static BLEDfu bledfu;
 
@@ -21,6 +22,222 @@ void NRF52Board::begin() {
   startup_reason = BD_STARTUP_NORMAL;
 }
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+#include "nrf.h"
+
+// Power Management global variables
+uint32_t g_nrf52_reset_reason = 0;     // Reset/Startup reason
+uint8_t g_nrf52_shutdown_reason = 0;   // Shutdown reason
+
+// Early constructor - runs before SystemInit() clears the registers
+// Priority 101 ensures this runs before SystemInit (102) and before
+// any C++ static constructors (default 65535)
+static void __attribute__((constructor(101))) nrf52_early_reset_capture() {
+  g_nrf52_reset_reason = NRF_POWER->RESETREAS;
+  g_nrf52_shutdown_reason = NRF_POWER->GPREGRET2;
+}
+
+void NRF52Board::initPowerMgr() {
+  // Copy early-captured register values
+  reset_reason = g_nrf52_reset_reason;
+  shutdown_reason = g_nrf52_shutdown_reason;
+  boot_voltage_mv = 0;  // Will be set by checkBootVoltage()
+
+  // Clear registers for next boot
+  // Note: At this point SoftDevice may or may not be enabled
+  uint8_t sd_enabled = 0;
+  sd_softdevice_is_enabled(&sd_enabled);
+  if (sd_enabled) {
+    sd_power_reset_reason_clr(0xFFFFFFFF);
+    sd_power_gpregret_clr(1, 0xFF);
+  } else {
+    NRF_POWER->RESETREAS = 0xFFFFFFFF;  // Write 1s to clear
+    NRF_POWER->GPREGRET2 = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Log reset/shutdown info
+  if (shutdown_reason != SHUTDOWN_REASON_NONE) {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Reset = %s (0x%lX); Shutdown = %s (0x%02X)",
+      getResetReasonString(reset_reason), (unsigned long)reset_reason,
+      getShutdownReasonString(shutdown_reason), shutdown_reason);
+  } else {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Reset = %s (0x%lX)",
+      getResetReasonString(reset_reason), (unsigned long)reset_reason);
+  }
+}
+
+bool NRF52Board::isExternalPowered() {
+  // Check if SoftDevice is enabled before using its API
+  uint8_t sd_enabled = 0;
+  sd_softdevice_is_enabled(&sd_enabled);
+
+  if (sd_enabled) {
+    uint32_t usb_status;
+    sd_power_usbregstatus_get(&usb_status);
+    return (usb_status & POWER_USBREGSTATUS_VBUSDETECT_Msk) != 0;
+  } else {
+    return (NRF_POWER->USBREGSTATUS & POWER_USBREGSTATUS_VBUSDETECT_Msk) != 0;
+  }
+}
+
+const char* NRF52Board::getResetReasonString(uint32_t reason) {
+  if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_RESETPIN_Msk) return "Reset Pin";
+  if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_DOG_Msk) return "Watchdog";
+  if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_SREQ_Msk) return "Soft Reset";
+  if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_LOCKUP_Msk) return "CPU Lockup";
+  #ifdef POWER_RESETREAS_LPCOMP_Msk
+    if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_LPCOMP_Msk) return "Wake from LPCOMP";
+  #endif
+  #ifdef POWER_RESETREAS_VBUS_Msk
+    if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_VBUS_Msk) return "Wake from VBUS";
+  #endif
+  #ifdef POWER_RESETREAS_OFF_Msk
+    if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_OFF_Msk) return "Wake from GPIO";
+  #endif
+  #ifdef POWER_RESETREAS_DIF_Msk
+    if (reason & POWER_RESETREAS_DIF_Msk) return "Debug Interface";
+  #endif
+  return "Cold Boot";
+}
+
+const char* NRF52Board::getShutdownReasonString(uint8_t reason) {
+  switch (reason) {
+    case SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE:  return "Low Voltage";
+    case SHUTDOWN_REASON_USER:         return "User Request";
+    case SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT: return "Boot Protection";
+  }
+  return "Unknown";
+}
+
+bool NRF52Board::checkBootVoltage(const PowerMgtConfig* config) {
+  initPowerMgr();
+
+  // Read boot voltage
+  boot_voltage_mv = getBattMilliVolts();
+  
+  if (config->voltage_bootlock == 0) return true;  // Protection disabled
+
+  // Skip check if externally powered
+  if (isExternalPowered()) {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Boot check skipped (external power)");
+    boot_voltage_mv = getBattMilliVolts();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Boot voltage = %u mV (threshold = %u mV)",
+      boot_voltage_mv, config->voltage_bootlock);
+
+  // Only trigger shutdown if reading is valid (>1000mV) AND below threshold
+  // This prevents spurious shutdowns on ADC glitches or uninitialized reads
+  if (boot_voltage_mv > 1000 && boot_voltage_mv < config->voltage_bootlock) {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Boot voltage too low - entering protective shutdown");
+
+    initiateShutdown(SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT);
+    return false;  // Should never reach this
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void NRF52Board::initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) {
+  enterSystemOff(reason);
+}
+
+void NRF52Board::enterSystemOff(uint8_t reason) {
+  MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: Entering SYSTEMOFF (%s)", getShutdownReasonString(reason));
+
+  // Record shutdown reason in GPREGRET2
+  uint8_t sd_enabled = 0;
+  sd_softdevice_is_enabled(&sd_enabled);
+  if (sd_enabled) {
+    sd_power_gpregret_clr(1, 0xFF);
+    sd_power_gpregret_set(1, reason);
+  } else {
+    NRF_POWER->GPREGRET2 = reason;
+  }
+
+  // Flush serial buffers
+  Serial.flush();
+  delay(100);
+
+  // Enter SYSTEMOFF
+  if (sd_enabled) {
+    uint32_t err = sd_power_system_off();
+    if (err == NRF_ERROR_SOFTDEVICE_NOT_ENABLED) {  //SoftDevice not enabled
+      sd_enabled = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!sd_enabled) {
+    // SoftDevice not available; write directly to POWER->SYSTEMOFF
+    NRF_POWER->SYSTEMOFF = POWER_SYSTEMOFF_SYSTEMOFF_Enter;
+  }
+
+  // If we get here, something went wrong. Reset to recover.
+  NVIC_SystemReset();
+}
+
+void NRF52Board::configureVoltageWake(uint8_t ain_channel, uint8_t refsel) {
+  // LPCOMP is not managed by SoftDevice - direct register access required
+  // Halt and disable before reconfiguration
+  NRF_LPCOMP->TASKS_STOP = 1;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->ENABLE = LPCOMP_ENABLE_ENABLE_Disabled;
+
+  // Select analog input (AIN0-7 maps to PSEL 0-7)
+  NRF_LPCOMP->PSEL = ((uint32_t)ain_channel << LPCOMP_PSEL_PSEL_Pos) & LPCOMP_PSEL_PSEL_Msk;
+
+  // Reference: REFSEL (0-6=1/8..7/8, 7=ARef, 8-15=1/16..15/16)
+  NRF_LPCOMP->REFSEL = ((uint32_t)refsel << LPCOMP_REFSEL_REFSEL_Pos) & LPCOMP_REFSEL_REFSEL_Msk;
+
+  // Detect UP events (voltage rises above threshold for battery recovery)
+  NRF_LPCOMP->ANADETECT = LPCOMP_ANADETECT_ANADETECT_Up;
+
+  // Enable 50mV hysteresis for noise immunity
+  NRF_LPCOMP->HYST = LPCOMP_HYST_HYST_Hyst50mV;
+
+  // Clear stale events/interrupts before enabling wake
+  NRF_LPCOMP->EVENTS_READY = 0;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->EVENTS_DOWN = 0;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->EVENTS_UP = 0;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->EVENTS_CROSS = 0;
+
+  NRF_LPCOMP->INTENCLR = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->INTENSET = LPCOMP_INTENSET_UP_Msk;
+
+  // Enable LPCOMP
+  NRF_LPCOMP->ENABLE = LPCOMP_ENABLE_ENABLE_Enabled;
+  NRF_LPCOMP->TASKS_START = 1;
+
+  // Wait for comparator to settle before entering SYSTEMOFF
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 20 && !NRF_LPCOMP->EVENTS_READY; i++) {
+    delayMicroseconds(50);
+  }
+
+  if (refsel == 7) {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: LPCOMP wake configured (AIN%d, ref=ARef)", ain_channel);
+  } else if (refsel <= 6) {
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: LPCOMP wake configured (AIN%d, ref=%d/8 VDD)",
+      ain_channel, refsel + 1);
+  } else {
+    uint8_t ref_num = (uint8_t)((refsel - 8) * 2 + 1);
+    MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: LPCOMP wake configured (AIN%d, ref=%d/16 VDD)",
+      ain_channel, ref_num);
+  }
+
+  // Configure VBUS (USB power) wake alongside LPCOMP
+  uint8_t sd_enabled = 0;
+  sd_softdevice_is_enabled(&sd_enabled);
+  if (sd_enabled) {
+    sd_power_usbdetected_enable(1);
+  } else {
+    NRF_POWER->EVENTS_USBDETECTED = 0;
+    NRF_POWER->INTENSET = POWER_INTENSET_USBDETECTED_Msk;
+  }
+
+  MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("PWRMGT: VBUS wake configured");
+}
+#endif
+
 void NRF52BoardDCDC::begin() {
   NRF52Board::begin();
 

src/helpers/NRF52Board.h

@@ -5,15 +5,58 @@
 
 #if defined(NRF52_PLATFORM)
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+// Shutdown Reason Codes (stored in GPREGRET before SYSTEMOFF)
+#define SHUTDOWN_REASON_NONE          0x00
+#define SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE   0x4C  // 'L' - Runtime low voltage threshold
+#define SHUTDOWN_REASON_USER          0x55  // 'U' - User requested powerOff()
+#define SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT  0x42  // 'B' - Boot voltage protection
+
+// Boards provide this struct with their hardware-specific settings and callbacks.
+struct PowerMgtConfig {
+  // LPCOMP wake configuration (for voltage recovery from SYSTEMOFF)
+  uint8_t lpcomp_ain_channel;       // AIN0-7 for voltage sensing pin
+  uint8_t lpcomp_refsel;            // REFSEL value: 0-6=1/8..7/8, 7=ARef, 8-15=1/16..15/16
+
+  // Boot protection voltage threshold (millivolts)
+  // Set to 0 to disable boot protection
+  uint16_t voltage_bootlock;
+};
+#endif
+
 class NRF52Board : public mesh::MainBoard {
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  void initPowerMgr();
+#endif
+
 protected:
   uint8_t startup_reason;
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  uint32_t reset_reason;              // RESETREAS register value
+  uint8_t shutdown_reason;            // GPREGRET value (why we entered last SYSTEMOFF)
+  uint16_t boot_voltage_mv;           // Battery voltage at boot (millivolts)
+
+  bool checkBootVoltage(const PowerMgtConfig* config);
+  void enterSystemOff(uint8_t reason);
+  void configureVoltageWake(uint8_t ain_channel, uint8_t refsel);
+  virtual void initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason);
+#endif
+
 public:
   virtual void begin();
   virtual uint8_t getStartupReason() const override { return startup_reason; }
   virtual float getMCUTemperature() override;
   virtual void reboot() override { NVIC_SystemReset(); }
+
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  bool isExternalPowered() override;
+  uint16_t getBootVoltage() override { return boot_voltage_mv; }
+  virtual uint32_t getResetReason() const override { return reset_reason; }
+  uint8_t getShutdownReason() const override { return shutdown_reason; }
+  const char* getResetReasonString(uint32_t reason) override;
+  const char* getShutdownReasonString(uint8_t reason) override;
+#endif
 };
 
 /*

src/helpers/RegionMap.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ RegionMap::RegionMap(TransportKeyStore& store) : _store(&store) {
 
 bool RegionMap::is_name_char(uint8_t c) {
   // accept all alpha-num or accented characters, but exclude most punctuation chars
-  return c == '-' || c == '#' || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c >= 'A';
+  return c == '-' || c == '$' || c == '#' || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c >= 'A';
+}
+
+static const char* skip_hash(const char* name) {
+  return *name == '#' ? name + 1 : name;
 }
 
 static File openWrite(FILESYSTEM* _fs, const char* filename) {
@@ -127,11 +131,17 @@ RegionEntry* RegionMap::findMatch(mesh::Packet* packet, uint8_t mask) {
     if ((region->flags & mask) == 0) {   // does region allow this? (per 'mask' param)
       TransportKey keys[4];
       int num;
-      if (region->name[0] == '#') {   // auto hashtag region
+      if (region->name[0] == '$') {   // private region
+        num = _store->loadKeysFor(region->id, keys, 4);
+      } else if (region->name[0] == '#') {   // auto hashtag region
         _store->getAutoKeyFor(region->id, region->name, keys[0]);
         num = 1;
-      } else {
-        num = _store->loadKeysFor(region->id, keys, 4);
+      } else {   // new: implicit auto hashtag region
+        char tmp[sizeof(region->name)];
+        tmp[0] = '#';
+        strcpy(&tmp[1], region->name);
+        _store->getAutoKeyFor(region->id, tmp, keys[0]);
+        num = 1;
       }
       for (int j = 0; j < num; j++) {
         uint16_t code = keys[j].calcTransportCode(packet);
@@ -147,9 +157,10 @@ RegionEntry* RegionMap::findMatch(mesh::Packet* packet, uint8_t mask) {
 RegionEntry* RegionMap::findByName(const char* name) {
   if (strcmp(name, "*") == 0) return &wildcard;
 
+  if (*name == '#') { name++; }  // ignore the '#' when matching by name
   for (int i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
     auto region = &regions[i];
-    if (strcmp(name, region->name) == 0) return region;
+    if (strcmp(name, skip_hash(region->name)) == 0) return region;
   }
   return NULL;  // not found
 }
@@ -157,11 +168,12 @@ RegionEntry* RegionMap::findByName(const char* name) {
 RegionEntry* RegionMap::findByNamePrefix(const char* prefix) {
   if (strcmp(prefix, "*") == 0) return &wildcard;
 
+  if (*prefix == '#') { prefix++; }  // ignore the '#' when matching by name
   RegionEntry* partial = NULL;
   for (int i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
     auto region = &regions[i];
-    if (strcmp(prefix, region->name) == 0) return region;  // is a complete match, preference this one
-    if (memcmp(prefix, region->name, strlen(prefix)) == 0) {
+    if (strcmp(prefix, skip_hash(region->name)) == 0) return region;  // is a complete match, preference this one
+    if (memcmp(prefix, skip_hash(region->name), strlen(prefix)) == 0) {
       partial = region;
     }
   }
@@ -220,9 +232,9 @@ void RegionMap::printChildRegions(int indent, const RegionEntry* parent, Stream&
   }
 
   if (parent->flags & REGION_DENY_FLOOD) {
-    out.printf("%s%s\n", parent->name, parent->id == home_id ? "^" : "");
+    out.printf("%s%s\n", skip_hash(parent->name), parent->id == home_id ? "^" : "");
   } else {
-    out.printf("%s%s F\n", parent->name, parent->id == home_id ? "^" : "");
+    out.printf("%s%s F\n", skip_hash(parent->name), parent->id == home_id ? "^" : "");
   }
 
   for (int i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
@@ -247,9 +259,10 @@ int RegionMap::exportNamesTo(char *dest, int max_len, uint8_t mask) {
   for (int i = 0; i < num_regions; i++) {
     auto region = &regions[i];
     if ((region->flags & mask) == 0) {   // region allowed? (per 'mask' param)
-      int len = strlen(region->name);
+      const char* name = skip_hash(region->name);
+      int len = strlen(name);
       if ((dp - dest) + len + 2 < max_len) {   // only append if name will fit
-        memcpy(dp, region->name, len);
+        memcpy(dp, name, len);
         dp += len;
         *dp++ = ',';
       }

src/helpers/StatsFormatHelper.h

@@ -42,13 +42,14 @@ public:
                                uint32_t n_recv_flood,
                                uint32_t n_recv_direct) {
     sprintf(reply, 
-      "{\"recv\":%u,\"sent\":%u,\"flood_tx\":%u,\"direct_tx\":%u,\"flood_rx\":%u,\"direct_rx\":%u}",
+      "{\"recv\":%u,\"sent\":%u,\"flood_tx\":%u,\"direct_tx\":%u,\"flood_rx\":%u,\"direct_rx\":%u,\"recv_errors\":%u}",
       driver.getPacketsRecv(),
       driver.getPacketsSent(),
       n_sent_flood,
       n_sent_direct,
       n_recv_flood,
-      n_recv_direct
+      n_recv_direct,
+      driver.getPacketsRecvErrors()
     );
   }
 };

src/helpers/esp32/SerialBLEInterface.cpp

@@ -9,11 +9,21 @@
 
 #define ADVERT_RESTART_DELAY  1000   // millis
 
-void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code) {
+void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* prefix, char* name, uint32_t pin_code) {
   _pin_code = pin_code;
 
+  if (strcmp(name, "@@MAC") == 0) {
+    uint8_t addr[8];
+    memset(addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    esp_efuse_mac_get_default(addr);
+    sprintf(name, "%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",    // modify (IN-OUT param)
+          addr[5], addr[4], addr[3], addr[2], addr[1], addr[0]);
+  }
+  char dev_name[32+16];
+  sprintf(dev_name, "%s%s", prefix, name);
+
   // Create the BLE Device
-  BLEDevice::init(device_name);
+  BLEDevice::init(dev_name);
   BLEDevice::setSecurityCallbacks(this);
   BLEDevice::setMTU(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
 

src/helpers/esp32/SerialBLEInterface.h

@@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ public:
     send_queue_len = recv_queue_len = 0;
   }
 
-  void begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code);
+  /**
+   * init the BLE interface.
+   * @param prefix   a prefix for the device name
+   * @param name  IN/OUT - a name for the device (combined with prefix). If "@@MAC", is modified and returned
+   * @param pin_code   the BLE security pin
+   */
+  void begin(const char* prefix, char* name, uint32_t pin_code);
 
   // BaseSerialInterface methods
   void enable() override;

src/helpers/nrf52/SerialBLEInterface.cpp

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ void SerialBLEInterface::onBLEEvent(ble_evt_t* evt) {
   }
 }
 
-void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code) {
+void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* prefix, char* name, uint32_t pin_code) {
   instance = this;
 
   char charpin[20];
@@ -133,7 +133,17 @@ void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code) {
   // Bluefruit.autoConnLed(false);
   Bluefruit.configPrphBandwidth(BANDWIDTH_MAX);
   Bluefruit.begin();
-  
+ 
+  char dev_name[32+16];
+  if (strcmp(name, "@@MAC") == 0) {
+    ble_gap_addr_t addr;
+    if (sd_ble_gap_addr_get(&addr) == NRF_SUCCESS) {
+      sprintf(name, "%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",    // modify (IN-OUT param)
+          addr.addr[5], addr.addr[4], addr.addr[3], addr.addr[2], addr.addr[1], addr.addr[0]);
+    }
+  }
+  sprintf(dev_name, "%s%s", prefix, name);
+
   // Connection interval units: 1.25ms, supervision timeout units: 10ms
   ble_gap_conn_params_t ppcp_params;
   ppcp_params.min_conn_interval = BLE_MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
@@ -153,7 +163,7 @@ void SerialBLEInterface::begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code) {
   }
   
   Bluefruit.setTxPower(BLE_TX_POWER);
-  Bluefruit.setName(device_name);
+  Bluefruit.setName(dev_name);
 
   Bluefruit.Security.setMITM(true);
   Bluefruit.Security.setPIN(charpin);

src/helpers/nrf52/SerialBLEInterface.h

@@ -52,7 +52,14 @@ public:
     recv_queue_len = 0;
   }
 
-  void begin(const char* device_name, uint32_t pin_code);
+  /**
+   * init the BLE interface.
+   * @param prefix   a prefix for the device name
+   * @param name  IN/OUT - a name for the device (combined with prefix). If "@@MAC", is modified and returned
+   * @param pin_code   the BLE security pin
+   */
+  void begin(const char* prefix, char* name, uint32_t pin_code);
+
   void disconnect();
   void enable() override;
   void disable() override;

src/helpers/radiolib/RadioLibWrappers.cpp

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ int RadioLibWrapper::recvRaw(uint8_t* bytes, int sz) {
       if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE) {
         MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("RadioLibWrapper: error: readData(%d)", err);
         len = 0;
+        n_recv_errors++;
       } else {
       //  Serial.print("  readData() -> "); Serial.println(len);
         n_recv++;

src/helpers/radiolib/RadioLibWrappers.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class RadioLibWrapper : public mesh::Radio {
 protected:
   PhysicalLayer* _radio;
   mesh::MainBoard* _board;
-  uint32_t n_recv, n_sent;
+  uint32_t n_recv, n_sent, n_recv_errors;
   int16_t _noise_floor, _threshold;
   uint16_t _num_floor_samples;
   int32_t _floor_sample_sum;
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ public:
   void loop() override;
 
   uint32_t getPacketsRecv() const { return n_recv; }
+  uint32_t getPacketsRecvErrors() const { return n_recv_errors; }
   uint32_t getPacketsSent() const { return n_sent; }
-  void resetStats() { n_recv = n_sent = 0; }
+  void resetStats() { n_recv = n_sent = n_recv_errors = 0; }
 
   virtual float getLastRSSI() const override;
   virtual float getLastSNR() const override;

src/helpers/sensors/EnvironmentSensorManager.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static Adafruit_BME280 BME280;
 #endif
 #define TELEM_BMP280_SEALEVELPRESSURE_HPA (1013.25)    // Athmospheric pressure at sea level
 #include <Adafruit_BMP280.h>
-static Adafruit_BMP280 BMP280;
+static Adafruit_BMP280 BMP280(TELEM_WIRE);
 #endif
 
 #if ENV_INCLUDE_SHTC3
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ static SensirionI2cSht4x SHT4X;
 
 #if ENV_INCLUDE_LPS22HB
 #include <Arduino_LPS22HB.h>
+LPS22HBClass LPS22HB(*TELEM_WIRE);
 #endif
 
 #if ENV_INCLUDE_INA3221
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ bool EnvironmentSensorManager::begin() {
   #endif
 
   #if ENV_INCLUDE_SHTC3
-  if (SHTC3.begin()) {
+  if (SHTC3.begin(TELEM_WIRE)) {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("Found sensor: SHTC3");
     SHTC3_initialized = true;
   } else {
@@ -243,7 +244,7 @@ bool EnvironmentSensorManager::begin() {
   #endif
 
   #if ENV_INCLUDE_LPS22HB
-  if (BARO.begin()) {
+  if (LPS22HB.begin()) {
     MESH_DEBUG_PRINTLN("Found sensor: LPS22HB");
     LPS22HB_initialized = true;
   } else {
@@ -407,8 +408,8 @@ bool EnvironmentSensorManager::querySensors(uint8_t requester_permissions, Cayen
 
     #if ENV_INCLUDE_LPS22HB
     if (LPS22HB_initialized) {
-      telemetry.addTemperature(TELEM_CHANNEL_SELF, BARO.readTemperature());
-      telemetry.addBarometricPressure(TELEM_CHANNEL_SELF, BARO.readPressure() * 10); // convert kPa to hPa
+      telemetry.addTemperature(TELEM_CHANNEL_SELF, LPS22HB.readTemperature());
+      telemetry.addBarometricPressure(TELEM_CHANNEL_SELF, LPS22HB.readPressure() * 10); // convert kPa to hPa
     }
     #endif
 

tools/maint/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# Maintenance Tools
+
+This directory contains automation for managing our **Friendly Fork**. It allows us to integrate community-submitted Pull Requests from the upstream repository into our local development branches.
+
+## Why this exists
+
+In firmware development, critical bug fixes or hardware support often exist in the upstream "Pull Request" queue long before they are officially merged. This tool allows us to build an integrated firmware version that includes those necessary patches while remaining syncable with the official source.
+
+## Usage
+
+### 1. Prerequisites
+
+You must have the original repository added as a remote named `upstream`:
+
+```bash
+git remote add upstream https://github.com/meshcore-dev/MeshCore.git
+```
+
+### 2. Basic Commands
+
+**Apply specific patches:**
+To pull in PR #1338 and PR #1400 from the upstream project:
+
+```bash
+./tools/maint/apply_patches.sh 1338 1400
+
+```
+
+**Start over (Reset):**
+To wipe the integrated branch and reset it to match the official upstream `main` branch exactly:
+
+```bash
+./tools/maint/apply_patches.sh --reset
+
+```
+
+## Traceability
+
+Every time this script runs, it updates `patch_manifest.log`. This file tracks:
+
+* The date of the integration.
+* The base commit SHA we started from.
+* The specific commit SHA of every PR applied.
+
+**This log is essential for debugging firmware regressions.** If the hardware fails, check the manifest to identify which experimental patch might be the cause.
+
+---
+
+### A Note on Merge Conflicts
+
+If a PR cannot be applied automatically, the script will abort the merge. You will need to:
+
+1. Manually merge the PR.
+2. Resolve the conflicts in your editor.
+3. Commit the result.
+4. Manually update the `patch_manifest.log`.

tools/maint/apply_patches.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Configuration
+UPSTREAM_REMOTE="upstream"
+BASE_BRANCH="main"        # Change to 'master' if that's what upstream uses
+TARGET_BRANCH="main-integrated"
+MANIFEST_FILE="tools/maint/patch_manifest.log"
+
+# Function to reset the branch
+reset_to_upstream() {
+    echo "Warning: This will wipe all local changes on $TARGET_BRANCH."
+    read -p "Are you sure you want to reset to $UPSTREAM_REMOTE/$BASE_BRANCH? (y/n) " -n 1 -r
+    echo
+    if [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
+        git fetch "$UPSTREAM_REMOTE"
+        git checkout -B "$TARGET_BRANCH" "$UPSTREAM_REMOTE/$BASE_BRANCH"
+        echo "--- Reset to Upstream: $(date) ---" > "$MANIFEST_FILE"
+        echo "Base Commit: $(git rev-parse HEAD)" >> "$MANIFEST_FILE"
+        echo "Reset successful. Branch is now clean."
+    else
+        echo "Reset aborted."
+    fi
+}
+
+# Check for reset flag
+if [[ "$1" == "--reset" ]]; then
+    reset_to_upstream
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Standard PR application logic
+PR_IDS=("$@")
+if [ ${#PR_IDS[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "Usage:"
+    echo "  Apply PRs: $0 <PR_ID1> <PR_ID2> ..."
+    echo "  Reset:     $0 --reset"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Ensure target branch exists and is checked out
+git checkout -B "$TARGET_BRANCH"
+
+echo "--- Patch Session: $(date) ---" >> "$MANIFEST_FILE"
+
+for PR in "${PR_IDS[@]}"; do
+    echo "--------------------------------------"
+    echo "Fetching PR #$PR..."
+    
+    if git fetch "$UPSTREAM_REMOTE" "pull/$PR/head:PR_TEMP_FETCH"; then
+        if git merge PR_TEMP_FETCH --no-edit -m "Integrate upstream PR #$PR"; then
+            echo "Successfully integrated PR #$PR"
+            echo "PR #$PR SHA: $(git rev-parse PR_TEMP_FETCH)" >> "$MANIFEST_FILE"
+        else
+            echo "Conflict in PR #$PR. Aborting merge."
+            git merge --abort
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        git branch -D PR_TEMP_FETCH
+    else
+        echo "Error: PR #$PR not found."
+    fi
+done
+
+echo "--------------------------------------"
+echo "Done. See $MANIFEST_FILE for details."

variants/heltec_t114/T114Board.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,35 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include <Wire.h>
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+// Static configuration for power management
+// Values come from variant.h defines
+const PowerMgtConfig power_config = {
+  .lpcomp_ain_channel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN,
+  .lpcomp_refsel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL,
+  .voltage_bootlock = PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK
+};
+
+void T114Board::initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) {
+#if ENV_INCLUDE_GPS == 1
+  pinMode(GPS_EN, OUTPUT);
+  digitalWrite(GPS_EN, LOW);
+#endif
+  digitalWrite(SX126X_POWER_EN, LOW);
+
+  bool enable_lpcomp = (reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE ||
+                        reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT);
+  pinMode(PIN_BAT_CTL, OUTPUT);
+  digitalWrite(PIN_BAT_CTL, enable_lpcomp ? HIGH : LOW);
+
+  if (enable_lpcomp) {
+    configureVoltageWake(power_config.lpcomp_ain_channel, power_config.lpcomp_refsel);
+  }
+
+  enterSystemOff(reason);
+}
+#endif // NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+
 void T114Board::begin() {
   NRF52Board::begin();
   NRF_POWER->DCDCEN = 1;
@@ -21,6 +50,11 @@ void T114Board::begin() {
 #endif
 
   pinMode(SX126X_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  // Boot voltage protection check (may not return if voltage too low)
+  // We need to call this after we configure SX126X_POWER_EN as output but before we pull high
+  checkBootVoltage(&power_config);
+#endif
   digitalWrite(SX126X_POWER_EN, HIGH);
   delay(10); // give sx1262 some time to power up
 }

variants/heltec_t114/T114Board.h

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@
 #define  MV_LSB   (3000.0F / 4096.0F) // 12-bit ADC with 3.0V input range
 
 class T114Board : public NRF52BoardOTA {
+protected:
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  void initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) override;
+#endif
+
 public:
     T114Board() : NRF52BoardOTA("T114_OTA") {}
   void begin();
@@ -42,13 +47,13 @@ public:
   }
 
   void powerOff() override {
-    #ifdef LED_PIN
+#ifdef LED_PIN
     digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
-    #endif
-    #if ENV_INCLUDE_GPS == 1
+#endif
+#if ENV_INCLUDE_GPS == 1
     pinMode(GPS_EN, OUTPUT);
     digitalWrite(GPS_EN, LOW);
-    #endif
+#endif
     sd_power_system_off();
   }
 };

variants/heltec_t114/platformio.ini

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ build_flags = ${nrf52_base.build_flags}
   -I variants/heltec_t114
   -I src/helpers/ui
   -D HELTEC_T114
+  -D NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
   -D P_LORA_DIO_1=20
   -D P_LORA_NSS=24
   -D P_LORA_RESET=25

variants/heltec_t114/variant.h

@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@
 
 #define AREF_VOLTAGE            (3.0)
 
+// Power management boot protection threshold (millivolts)
+// Set to 0 to disable boot protection
+#define PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK 3300   // Won't boot below this voltage (mV)
+// LPCOMP wake configuration (voltage recovery from SYSTEMOFF)
+// AIN2 = P0.04 = BATTERY_PIN / PIN_VBAT_READ
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN 2
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL 1  // 2/8 VDD (~3.68-4.04V)
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Number of pins
 
@@ -50,8 +58,8 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // I2C pin definition
 
-#define PIN_WIRE_SDA            (26)             // P0.26
-#define PIN_WIRE_SCL            (27)             // P0.27
+#define PIN_WIRE_SDA            (16)             // P0.16
+#define PIN_WIRE_SCL            (13)             // P0.13
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // SPI pin definition

variants/heltec_wireless_paper/platformio.ini

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ build_flags =
   ${esp32_base.build_flags}
   -I variants/heltec_wireless_paper
   -D HELTEC_WIRELESS_PAPER
-  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1      ; need for Serial
+  ;-D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1      ; this breaks Serial
   -D P_LORA_DIO_1=14
   -D P_LORA_NSS=8
   -D P_LORA_RESET=RADIOLIB_NC
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ build_flags =
   -D WRAPPER_CLASS=CustomSX1262Wrapper
   -D LORA_TX_POWER=22
   -D P_LORA_TX_LED=18
-  -D PIN_BOARD_SDA=17
-  -D PIN_BOARD_SCL=18
+  ;-D PIN_BOARD_SDA=17
+  ;-D PIN_BOARD_SCL=18               ; same GPIO as P_LORA_TX_LED
   -D PIN_USER_BTN=0
   -D PIN_VEXT_EN=45
   -D PIN_VBAT_READ=20
@@ -139,4 +139,4 @@ build_src_filter = ${Heltec_Wireless_Paper_base.build_src_filter}
   +<../examples/simple_room_server>
 lib_deps =
   ${Heltec_Wireless_Paper_base.lib_deps}
-  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}

variants/rak3112/RAK3112Board.h

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <helpers/RefCountedDigitalPin.h>
+#include <helpers/ESP32Board.h>
+
+// built-ins
+#ifndef PIN_VBAT_READ
+  #define  PIN_VBAT_READ    1
+#endif
+#ifndef PIN_ADC_CTRL
+  #define  PIN_ADC_CTRL         36
+#endif
+#define  PIN_ADC_CTRL_ACTIVE    LOW
+#define  PIN_ADC_CTRL_INACTIVE  HIGH
+#define  ADC_MULTIPLIER   (3 * 1.73 * 1.187 * 1000)
+#define  BATTERY_SAMPLES 8
+
+#include <driver/rtc_io.h>
+
+class RAK3112Board : public ESP32Board {
+private:
+  bool adc_active_state;
+
+public:
+  RefCountedDigitalPin periph_power;
+
+  RAK3112Board() : periph_power(PIN_VEXT_EN) { }
+
+  void begin() {
+    ESP32Board::begin();
+
+    // Auto-detect correct ADC_CTRL pin polarity (different for boards >3.2)
+    pinMode(PIN_ADC_CTRL, INPUT);
+    adc_active_state = !digitalRead(PIN_ADC_CTRL);
+
+    pinMode(PIN_ADC_CTRL, OUTPUT);
+    digitalWrite(PIN_ADC_CTRL, !adc_active_state); // Initially inactive
+
+    periph_power.begin();
+
+    esp_reset_reason_t reason = esp_reset_reason();
+    if (reason == ESP_RST_DEEPSLEEP) {
+      long wakeup_source = esp_sleep_get_ext1_wakeup_status();
+      if (wakeup_source & (1 << P_LORA_DIO_1)) {  // received a LoRa packet (while in deep sleep)
+        startup_reason = BD_STARTUP_RX_PACKET;
+      }
+
+      rtc_gpio_hold_dis((gpio_num_t)P_LORA_NSS);
+      rtc_gpio_deinit((gpio_num_t)P_LORA_DIO_1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void enterDeepSleep(uint32_t secs, int pin_wake_btn = -1) {
+    esp_sleep_pd_config(ESP_PD_DOMAIN_RTC_PERIPH, ESP_PD_OPTION_ON);
+
+    // Make sure the DIO1 and NSS GPIOs are hold on required levels during deep sleep
+    rtc_gpio_set_direction((gpio_num_t)P_LORA_DIO_1, RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_ONLY);
+    rtc_gpio_pulldown_en((gpio_num_t)P_LORA_DIO_1);
+
+    rtc_gpio_hold_en((gpio_num_t)P_LORA_NSS);
+
+    if (pin_wake_btn < 0) {
+      esp_sleep_enable_ext1_wakeup( (1L << P_LORA_DIO_1), ESP_EXT1_WAKEUP_ANY_HIGH);  // wake up on: recv LoRa packet
+    } else {
+      esp_sleep_enable_ext1_wakeup( (1L << P_LORA_DIO_1) | (1L << pin_wake_btn), ESP_EXT1_WAKEUP_ANY_HIGH);  // wake up on: recv LoRa packet OR wake btn
+    }
+
+    if (secs > 0) {
+      esp_sleep_enable_timer_wakeup(secs * 1000000);
+    }
+
+    // Finally set ESP32 into sleep
+    esp_deep_sleep_start();   // CPU halts here and never returns!
+  }
+
+  void powerOff() override {
+    enterDeepSleep(0);
+  }
+
+  uint16_t getBattMilliVolts() override {
+    analogReadResolution(12);
+
+    uint32_t raw = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < BATTERY_SAMPLES; i++) {
+      raw += analogRead(PIN_VBAT_READ);
+    }
+    raw = raw / BATTERY_SAMPLES;
+
+    return (ADC_MULTIPLIER * raw) / 4096;
+  }
+
+  const char* getManufacturerName() const override {
+    return "RAK 3112";
+  }
+};

variants/rak3112/platformio.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+[rak3112]
+extends = esp32_base
+board = esp32-s3-devkitc-1
+build_flags =
+  ${esp32_base.build_flags}
+  ${sensor_base.build_flags}
+  -I variants/rak3112
+  -D RAK_3112=1
+  -D ESP32_CPU_FREQ=80
+  -D P_LORA_DIO_1=47
+  -D P_LORA_NSS=7
+  -D P_LORA_RESET=8
+  -D P_LORA_BUSY=48
+  -D P_LORA_SCLK=5
+  -D P_LORA_MISO=3
+  -D P_LORA_MOSI=6
+  -D RADIO_CLASS=CustomSX1262
+  -D WRAPPER_CLASS=CustomSX1262Wrapper
+  -D LORA_TX_POWER=22
+  -D P_LORA_TX_LED=46
+  -D PIN_BOARD_SDA=9
+  -D PIN_BOARD_SCL=40
+  -D PIN_USER_BTN=-1
+  -D PIN_VEXT_EN=14
+  -D SX126X_DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH=true
+  -D SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE=1.8
+  -D SX126X_CURRENT_LIMIT=140
+  -D SX126X_RX_BOOSTED_GAIN=1
+  -D PIN_GPS_RX=43
+  -D PIN_GPS_TX=44
+;  -D PIN_GPS_EN=26
+build_src_filter = ${esp32_base.build_src_filter}
+  +<../variants/rak3112>
+  +<helpers/sensors>
+lib_deps =
+  ${esp32_base.lib_deps}
+  ${sensor_base.lib_deps}
+
+[env:RAK3112_repeater]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"RAK3112 Repeater"'
+  -D ADVERT_LAT=0.0
+  -D ADVERT_LON=0.0
+  -D ADMIN_PASSWORD='"password"'
+  -D MAX_NEIGHBOURS=50
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<../examples/simple_repeater>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}
+  bakercp/CRC32 @ ^2.0.0
+
+[env:RAK3112_repeater_bridge_rs232]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"RS232 Bridge"'
+  -D ADVERT_LAT=0.0
+  -D ADVERT_LON=0.0
+  -D ADMIN_PASSWORD='"password"'
+  -D MAX_NEIGHBOURS=50
+  -D WITH_RS232_BRIDGE=Serial2
+  -D WITH_RS232_BRIDGE_RX=5
+  -D WITH_RS232_BRIDGE_TX=6
+;  -D BRIDGE_DEBUG=1
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/bridges/RS232Bridge.cpp>
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<../examples/simple_repeater>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}
+
+[env:RAK3112_repeater_bridge_espnow]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"ESPNow Bridge"'
+  -D ADVERT_LAT=0.0
+  -D ADVERT_LON=0.0
+  -D ADMIN_PASSWORD='"password"'
+  -D MAX_NEIGHBOURS=50
+  -D WITH_ESPNOW_BRIDGE=1
+;  -D BRIDGE_DEBUG=1
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/bridges/ESPNowBridge.cpp>
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<../examples/simple_repeater>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}
+
+[env:RAK3112_room_server]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"RAK3112 Room"'
+  -D ADVERT_LAT=0.0
+  -D ADVERT_LON=0.0
+  -D ADMIN_PASSWORD='"password"'
+  -D ROOM_PASSWORD='"hello"'
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<../examples/simple_room_server>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}
+
+[env:RAK3112_terminal_chat]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D MAX_CONTACTS=350
+  -D MAX_GROUP_CHANNELS=1
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<../examples/simple_secure_chat/main.cpp>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  densaugeo/base64 @ ~1.4.0
+
+[env:RAK3112_companion_radio_usb]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -I examples/companion_radio/ui-new
+  -D MAX_CONTACTS=350
+  -D MAX_GROUP_CHANNELS=40
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+; NOTE: DO NOT ENABLE -->  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+; NOTE: DO NOT ENABLE -->  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<helpers/ui/MomentaryButton.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/*.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/ui-new/*.cpp>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  densaugeo/base64 @ ~1.4.0
+
+[env:RAK3112_companion_radio_ble]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -I examples/companion_radio/ui-new
+  -D MAX_CONTACTS=350
+  -D MAX_GROUP_CHANNELS=40
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D BLE_PIN_CODE=123456   ; dynamic, random PIN
+  -D AUTO_SHUTDOWN_MILLIVOLTS=3400
+  -D BLE_DEBUG_LOGGING=1
+  -D OFFLINE_QUEUE_SIZE=256
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<helpers/ui/MomentaryButton.cpp>
+  +<helpers/esp32/*.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/*.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/ui-new/*.cpp>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  densaugeo/base64 @ ~1.4.0
+
+[env:RAK3112_companion_radio_wifi]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -I examples/companion_radio/ui-new
+  -D MAX_CONTACTS=350
+  -D MAX_GROUP_CHANNELS=40
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+  -D WIFI_DEBUG_LOGGING=1
+  -D WIFI_SSID='"myssid"'
+  -D WIFI_PWD='"mypwd"'
+  -D OFFLINE_QUEUE_SIZE=256
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<helpers/ui/MomentaryButton.cpp>
+  +<helpers/esp32/*.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/*.cpp>
+  +<../examples/companion_radio/ui-new/*.cpp>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  densaugeo/base64 @ ~1.4.0
+
+[env:RAK3112_sensor]
+extends = rak3112
+build_flags =
+  ${rak3112.build_flags}
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"RAK3112 v3 Sensor"'
+  -D ADVERT_LAT=0.0
+  -D ADVERT_LON=0.0
+  -D ADMIN_PASSWORD='"password"'
+  -D ENV_PIN_SDA=33
+  -D ENV_PIN_SCL=34
+  -D DISPLAY_CLASS=SSD1306Display
+;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
+;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
+build_src_filter = ${rak3112.build_src_filter}
+  +<helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.cpp>
+  +<../examples/simple_sensor>
+lib_deps =
+  ${rak3112.lib_deps}
+  ${esp32_ota.lib_deps}

variants/rak3112/target.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "target.h"
+
+RAK3112Board board;
+
+#if defined(P_LORA_SCLK)
+  static SPIClass spi;
+  RADIO_CLASS radio = new Module(P_LORA_NSS, P_LORA_DIO_1, P_LORA_RESET, P_LORA_BUSY, spi);
+#else
+  RADIO_CLASS radio = new Module(P_LORA_NSS, P_LORA_DIO_1, P_LORA_RESET, P_LORA_BUSY);
+#endif
+
+WRAPPER_CLASS radio_driver(radio, board);
+
+ESP32RTCClock fallback_clock;
+AutoDiscoverRTCClock rtc_clock(fallback_clock);
+
+#if ENV_INCLUDE_GPS
+  #include <helpers/sensors/MicroNMEALocationProvider.h>
+  MicroNMEALocationProvider nmea = MicroNMEALocationProvider(Serial1);
+  EnvironmentSensorManager sensors = EnvironmentSensorManager(nmea);
+#else
+  EnvironmentSensorManager sensors;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
+  DISPLAY_CLASS display;
+  MomentaryButton user_btn(PIN_USER_BTN, 1000, true);
+#endif
+
+bool radio_init() {
+  fallback_clock.begin();
+  rtc_clock.begin(Wire);
+
+#if defined(P_LORA_SCLK)
+  return radio.std_init(&spi);
+#else
+  return radio.std_init();
+#endif
+}
+
+uint32_t radio_get_rng_seed() {
+  return radio.random(0x7FFFFFFF);
+}
+
+void radio_set_params(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr) {
+  radio.setFrequency(freq);
+  radio.setSpreadingFactor(sf);
+  radio.setBandwidth(bw);
+  radio.setCodingRate(cr);
+}
+
+void radio_set_tx_power(uint8_t dbm) {
+  radio.setOutputPower(dbm);
+}
+
+mesh::LocalIdentity radio_new_identity() {
+  RadioNoiseListener rng(radio);
+  return mesh::LocalIdentity(&rng);  // create new random identity
+}

variants/rak3112/target.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#define RADIOLIB_STATIC_ONLY 1
+#include <RadioLib.h>
+#include <helpers/radiolib/RadioLibWrappers.h>
+#include <RAK3112Board.h>
+#include <helpers/radiolib/CustomSX1262Wrapper.h>
+#include <helpers/AutoDiscoverRTCClock.h>
+#include <helpers/SensorManager.h>
+#include <helpers/sensors/EnvironmentSensorManager.h>
+#ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
+  #include <helpers/ui/SSD1306Display.h>
+  #include <helpers/ui/MomentaryButton.h>
+#endif
+
+extern RAK3112Board board;
+extern WRAPPER_CLASS radio_driver;
+extern AutoDiscoverRTCClock rtc_clock;
+extern EnvironmentSensorManager sensors;
+
+#ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS
+  extern DISPLAY_CLASS display;
+  extern MomentaryButton user_btn;
+#endif
+
+bool radio_init();
+uint32_t radio_get_rng_seed();
+void radio_set_params(float freq, float bw, uint8_t sf, uint8_t cr);
+void radio_set_tx_power(uint8_t dbm);
+mesh::LocalIdentity radio_new_identity();

variants/rak4631/RAK4631Board.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,28 @@
 
 #include "RAK4631Board.h"
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+// Static configuration for power management
+// Values set in variant.h defines
+const PowerMgtConfig power_config = {
+  .lpcomp_ain_channel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN,
+  .lpcomp_refsel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL,
+  .voltage_bootlock = PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK
+};
+
+void RAK4631Board::initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) {
+  // Disable LoRa module power before shutdown
+  digitalWrite(SX126X_POWER_EN, LOW);
+
+  if (reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE ||
+      reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT) {
+    configureVoltageWake(power_config.lpcomp_ain_channel, power_config.lpcomp_refsel);
+  }
+
+  enterSystemOff(reason);
+}
+#endif // NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+
 void RAK4631Board::begin() {
   NRF52BoardDCDC::begin();
   pinMode(PIN_VBAT_READ, INPUT);
@@ -21,6 +43,11 @@ void RAK4631Board::begin() {
   Wire.begin();
 
   pinMode(SX126X_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  // Boot voltage protection check (may not return if voltage too low)
+  // We need to call this after we configure SX126X_POWER_EN as output but before we pull high
+  checkBootVoltage(&power_config);
+#endif
   digitalWrite(SX126X_POWER_EN, HIGH);
   delay(10);   // give sx1262 some time to power up
 }

variants/rak4631/RAK4631Board.h

@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@
 #define  ADC_MULTIPLIER   (3 * 1.73 * 1.187 * 1000)
 
 class RAK4631Board : public NRF52BoardDCDC, public NRF52BoardOTA {
+protected:
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  void initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) override;
+#endif
+
 public:
   RAK4631Board() : NRF52BoardOTA("RAK4631_OTA") {}
   void begin();

variants/rak4631/platformio.ini

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ build_flags = ${nrf52_base.build_flags}
   -I variants/rak4631
   -D RAK_4631
   -D RAK_BOARD
+  -D NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
   -D PIN_BOARD_SCL=14
   -D PIN_BOARD_SDA=13
   -D PIN_GPS_TX=PIN_SERIAL1_RX

variants/rak4631/variant.h

@@ -104,6 +104,14 @@ extern "C"
 	static const uint8_t A7 = PIN_A7;
 #define ADC_RESOLUTION 14
 
+// Power management boot protection threshold (millivolts)
+// Set to 0 to disable boot protection
+#define PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK 3300   // Won't boot below this voltage (mV)
+// LPCOMP wake configuration (voltage recovery from SYSTEMOFF)
+// AIN3 = P0.05 = PIN_A0 / PIN_VBAT_READ
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN 3
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL 4  // 5/8 VDD (~3.13-3.44V)
+
 // Other pins
 #define PIN_AREF (2)
 #define PIN_NFC1 (9)

variants/station_g2/platformio.ini

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ build_flags =
   -D P_LORA_SCLK=12
   -D P_LORA_MISO=14
   -D P_LORA_MOSI=13
-  -D LORA_TX_POWER=19
+  -D LORA_TX_POWER=7 ; configured as 7dbm, because the final output will be ~27dbm (~0.5w) if the PA is enabled.
+  -D MAX_LORA_TX_POWER=19 ; max output without burning out the PA
 ;  -D P_LORA_TX_LED=35
   -D PIN_BOARD_SDA=5
   -D PIN_BOARD_SCL=6

variants/t1000-e/platformio.ini

@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ build_flags = ${t1000-e.build_flags}
   -D DISPLAY_CLASS=NullDisplayDriver
   -D PIN_BUZZER=25
   -D PIN_BUZZER_EN=37      ; P1/5 - required for T1000-E
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"@@MAC"'
 build_src_filter = ${t1000-e.build_src_filter}
   +<helpers/nrf52/SerialBLEInterface.cpp>
   +<helpers/ui/buzzer.cpp>

variants/thinknode_m1/platformio.ini

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ build_flags =
   -D PIN_BUZZER=6
   -D AUTO_SHUTDOWN_MILLIVOLTS=3300
   -D QSPIFLASH=1
+  -D ENV_INCLUDE_GPS=1
 ;  -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
 ;  -D MESH_DEBUG=1
 build_src_filter = ${ThinkNode_M1.build_src_filter}

variants/thinknode_m1/target.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ WRAPPER_CLASS radio_driver(radio, board);
 
 VolatileRTCClock fallback_clock;
 AutoDiscoverRTCClock rtc_clock(fallback_clock);
-MicroNMEALocationProvider nmea = MicroNMEALocationProvider(Serial1);
+MicroNMEALocationProvider nmea = MicroNMEALocationProvider(Serial1, &rtc_clock);
 ThinkNodeM1SensorManager sensors = ThinkNodeM1SensorManager(nmea);
 
 #ifdef DISPLAY_CLASS

variants/thinknode_m1/target.h

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ class ThinkNodeM1SensorManager : public SensorManager {
   void stop_gps();
 public:
   ThinkNodeM1SensorManager(LocationProvider &location): _location(&location) { }
+  LocationProvider* getLocationProvider() override { return _location; }
   bool begin() override;
   bool querySensors(uint8_t requester_permissions, CayenneLPP& telemetry) override;
   void loop() override;

variants/wio-tracker-l1/platformio.ini

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ build_flags = ${WioTrackerL1.build_flags}
   -D UI_HAS_JOYSTICK=1
   -D PIN_BUZZER=12
   -D QSPIFLASH=1
+  -D ADVERT_NAME='"@@MAC"'
   ; -D MESH_PACKET_LOGGING=1
   ; -D MESH_DEBUG=1
 build_src_filter = ${WioTrackerL1.build_src_filter}

variants/xiao_nrf52/XiaoNrf52Board.cpp

@@ -5,12 +5,40 @@
 
 #include "XiaoNrf52Board.h"
 
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+// Static configuration for power management
+// Values set in variant.h defines
+const PowerMgtConfig power_config = {
+  .lpcomp_ain_channel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN,
+  .lpcomp_refsel = PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL,
+  .voltage_bootlock = PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK
+};
+
+void XiaoNrf52Board::initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) {
+  bool enable_lpcomp = (reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_LOW_VOLTAGE ||
+                        reason == SHUTDOWN_REASON_BOOT_PROTECT);
+
+  pinMode(VBAT_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
+  digitalWrite(VBAT_ENABLE, enable_lpcomp ? LOW : HIGH);
+
+  if (enable_lpcomp) {
+    configureVoltageWake(power_config.lpcomp_ain_channel, power_config.lpcomp_refsel);
+  }
+
+  enterSystemOff(reason);
+}
+#endif // NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+
 void XiaoNrf52Board::begin() {
   NRF52BoardDCDC::begin();
 
+  // Configure battery voltage ADC
   pinMode(PIN_VBAT, INPUT);
   pinMode(VBAT_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
-  digitalWrite(VBAT_ENABLE, HIGH);
+  digitalWrite(VBAT_ENABLE, LOW);  // Enable VBAT divider for reading
+  analogReadResolution(12);
+  analogReference(AR_INTERNAL_3_0);
+  delay(50);  // Allow ADC to settle
 
 #ifdef PIN_USER_BTN
   pinMode(PIN_USER_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);
@@ -27,9 +55,20 @@ void XiaoNrf52Board::begin() {
   digitalWrite(P_LORA_TX_LED, HIGH);
 #endif
 
-  //  pinMode(SX126X_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
-  //  digitalWrite(SX126X_POWER_EN, HIGH);
-  delay(10); // give sx1262 some time to power up
+#ifdef NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  // Boot voltage protection check (may not return if voltage too low)
+  checkBootVoltage(&power_config);
+#endif
+
+  delay(10);  // Give sx1262 some time to power up
+}
+
+uint16_t XiaoNrf52Board::getBattMilliVolts() {
+  // https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_BLE#q3-what-are-the-considerations-when-using-xiao-nrf52840-sense-for-battery-charging
+  // VBAT_ENABLE must be LOW to read battery voltage
+  digitalWrite(VBAT_ENABLE, LOW);
+  int adcvalue = analogRead(PIN_VBAT);
+  return (adcvalue * ADC_MULTIPLIER * AREF_VOLTAGE) / 4.096;
 }
 
 #endif

variants/xiao_nrf52/XiaoNrf52Board.h

@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@
 
 #ifdef XIAO_NRF52
 
-class XiaoNrf52Board : public NRF52BoardDCDC, public NRF52BoardOTA {
+class XiaoNrf52Board : public NRF52BoardDCDC, public NRF52BoardOTA { 
+protected:
+#if NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
+  void initiateShutdown(uint8_t reason) override;
+#endif
+
 public:
   XiaoNrf52Board() : NRF52BoardOTA("XIAO_NRF52_OTA") {}
   void begin();
@@ -20,21 +25,7 @@ public:
   }
 #endif
 
-  uint16_t getBattMilliVolts() override {
-    // Please read befor going further ;)
-    // https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_BLE#q3-what-are-the-considerations-when-using-xiao-nrf52840-sense-for-battery-charging
-
-    // We can't drive VBAT_ENABLE to HIGH as long
-    // as we don't know wether we are charging or not ...
-    // this is a 3mA loss (4/1500)
-    digitalWrite(VBAT_ENABLE, LOW);
-    int adcvalue = 0;
-    analogReadResolution(12);
-    analogReference(AR_INTERNAL_3_0);
-    delay(10);
-    adcvalue = analogRead(PIN_VBAT);
-    return (adcvalue * ADC_MULTIPLIER * AREF_VOLTAGE) / 4.096;
-  }
+  uint16_t getBattMilliVolts() override;
 
   const char* getManufacturerName() const override {
     return "Seeed Xiao-nrf52";

variants/xiao_nrf52/platformio.ini

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ build_flags = ${nrf52_base.build_flags}
   -I variants/xiao_nrf52
   -UENV_INCLUDE_GPS
   -D NRF52_PLATFORM
+  -D NRF52_POWER_MANAGEMENT
   -D XIAO_NRF52
   -D RADIO_CLASS=CustomSX1262
   -D WRAPPER_CLASS=CustomSX1262Wrapper

variants/xiao_nrf52/variant.h

@@ -75,6 +75,21 @@ static const uint8_t D10 = 10;
 #define AREF_VOLTAGE            (3.0)
 #define ADC_MULTIPLIER          (3.0F) // 1M, 512k divider bridge
 
+// Power management boot protection threshold (millivolts)
+// Set to 0 to disable boot protection
+#define PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_BOOTLOCK    3300   // Won't boot below this voltage
+
+// LPCOMP wake configuration (voltage recovery from SYSTEMOFF)
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_AIN           7     // AIN7 = P0.31 = PIN_VBAT
+// IMPORTANT: The XIAO exposes battery via a resistor divider (ADC_MULTIPLIER = 3.0).
+// LPCOMP measures the divided voltage, not the battery voltage directly.
+// Vpin = VDD * (REFSEL fraction), and VBAT ≈ Vpin * ADC_MULTIPLIER.
+//
+// Using 3/8 VDD gives a wake threshold above the boot protection point:
+// - If VDD ≈ 3.0V:  VBAT ≈ (3.0 * 3/8) * 3 ≈ 3375mV
+// - If VDD ≈ 3.3V:  VBAT ≈ (3.3 * 3/8) * 3 ≈ 3712mV
+#define PWRMGT_LPCOMP_REFSEL   2     // 3/8 VDD (~3.38-3.71V)
+
 static const uint8_t A0  = PIN_A0;
 static const uint8_t A1  = PIN_A1;
 static const uint8_t A2  = PIN_A2;